英语考研：翻译建模(1)
英汉排序逻辑的异同
A.相异之处
我认识那个穿红衣服的女孩：
i know the kid in red clothes;
说明：主干先行，废话后置(修饰）
B.相同之处
主干一致
主干的定位
1.主句：句首的独立名词性结构
[不独立]：In his eyes,Jack is a liar;
Living in a city is always convenient.
That no one can live without water is true
2.谓语：排除过程
a.排除从句中和介词短语中动词
The man who is smiling is jack.
b.排除主语前动词
in fighting,the brave wins.
c.分词前无助词(have be)
i am working
d.谓语可以是动词词组
i want to see you
3.宾语：谓语后的独立名词结构，宾语可以没有
4.实例：
Althought not so world-widely accepted,people who are emotionally weak in daily business are often losers who are not able to fulfill any fruitful achievements in their...
5.中文的主谓宾
a.不作死不会死
主语：人
He who does not die will not die
【说明】中文常省略主语，但应为不省略
b.他很好
She's very well
谓语：是
【说明】中文常省略为谓语，但英文不省略
c.三无棱天地合，始敢于君绝
【说明】此处隐藏关联词
d.我的英语是体育老师教的
My English is taught by PE teacher
【说明】中文也常被动隐藏
英文排序的基本公式
1.（状语）主（定语）（X）谓（状语）（X）(宾语)（定语）（状语）
状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。
2.实例
★在北京，没有钱的年轻人以这种方式也能实现他们心中的梦想。
In Beijing, young people without money can realize their dreams in this way.
★一年以后，这些本来没有任何语言基础的学生通过我们的网站掌握了以后对工作很有帮助的外语能力。
A year later,the students who hadn't had any language basic before obtained through out website the language skills that are helpful to future jobs;