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  • 7、springmvc的自动配置

    1、springmvc的自动配置

    文档:https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.1.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-spring-mvc

    WebMvcAutoConfiguration.java

    Spring Boot 自动配置好了SpringMVC
    以下是SpringBoot对SpringMVC的默认配置:(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)
    * Inclusion of ContentNegotiatingViewResolver and BeanNameViewResolver beans.
        * 自动配置了ViewResolver(视图解析器:根据方法的返回值得到视图对象(View),视图对象决定如何渲染(转发?重定向?))
        * ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:组合所有的视图解析器的;
        * 如何定制:我们可以自己给容器中添加一个视图解析器;自动的将其组合进来;
    * Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).静态资源文件夹路径,webjars
    * Static index.html support. 静态首页访问
    * Custom Favicon support (see below). favicon.ico
    * 自动注册了 of Converter, GenericConverter, Formatter beans.
        * Converter:转换器; public String hello(User user):类型转换使用Converter
        * Formatter 格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date;
            @Bean
            @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")
            //在文件中配置日期格式化的规则
            public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
                return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化组件
            }
            自己添加的格式化器转换器,我们只需要放在容器中即可
    * Support for HttpMessageConverters (see below).
        * HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用来转换Http请求和响应的;User---Json;
        * HttpMessageConverters 是从容器中确定;获取所有的HttpMessageConverter;
            自己给容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只需要将自己的组件注册容器中(@Bean,@Component)
    * Automatic registration of MessageCodesResolver (see below).定义错误代码生成规则
    * Automatic use of a ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer bean (see below).
    我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer来替换默认的;(添加到容器)
    初始化WebDataBinder;
    请求数据=====JavaBean;
    org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的所有自动场景;
    If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components.
    If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc.

     

     2、扩展springmvc

    <mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
            <bean></bean>
        </mvc:interceptor>
    </mvc:interceptors>
    If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration
    (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type
    WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of
    RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
    you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components. If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own
    @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc.

    编写一个配置类(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型;

    不能标注@EnableWebMvc; 

    //使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
    @Configurationpublic class mvc extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
       public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
          //super.addViewControllers(registry);
          ///th是请求url
          registry.addViewController("/th").setViewName("th");
       }
    }

     

    原理:

    1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC的自动配置类
    2)、在做其他自动配置时会导入;@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
    @Configuration
            public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
          private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();
    
             //从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
          @Autowired(required = false)
          public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
              if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
                  this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
                    //一个参考实现;将所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都来一起调用;  
                    @Override
                    // public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
                    //       for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
                    //      delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
                    //   }
                  }
              }
            }
    3)、容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都会一起起作用;
    4)、我们的配置类也会被调用;
    效果:SpringMVC的自动配置和我们的扩展配置都会起作用;
     

     3、全面接管SpringMVC(不建议使用)

    SpringBoot对SpringMVC的自动配置不需要了,所有都是我们自己配置;

    所有的SpringMVC的自动配置都失效了

    我们需要在配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可;

    @EnableWebMvc
    @Configuration
    public class mvc  extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
        @Override
        public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
            //super.addViewControllers(registry);
            registry.addViewController("/th").setViewName("th");
        }
    }
    为什么@EnableWebMvc自动配置就失效了:
    1)@EnableWebMvc的核心
    @Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
    public @interface EnableWebMvc {

    2)

    @Configuration
    public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

    3)

    @Configuration
    @ConditionalOnWebApplication
    @ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
                    WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
    // 容器中没有这个组件的时候,这个自动配置类才生效
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
    @AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
    @AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
                    ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
    public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
    4)、@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来;
    5)、导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能;
     
    如何修改springboot的默认配置
    1)、SpringBoot在自动配置很多组件的时候,先看容器中有没有用户自己配置的(@Bean、@Component)
      如果有就用用户配置的,
           如果没有,才自动配置;如果有些组件可以有多个(ViewResolver)将用户配置的和自己默认的组合起来;
    2)、在SpringBoot中会有非常多的xxxConfigurer帮助我们进行扩展配置
    3)、在SpringBoot中会有很多的xxxCustomizer帮助我们进行定制配置
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Mrchengs/p/10340145.html
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