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利用zabbix api添加、删除、禁用主机

python环境配置
yum -y install python-pip
安装argparse模块
pip install -i https://pypi.douban.com/simple/ argparse
脚本修改
请修改脚本中zabbix登录地址以及zabbix管理员帐户及密码
#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import json
import sys
import urllib2
import argparse

from urllib2 import URLError

reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

class zabbix_api:
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = 'http://zab.test.com/api_jsonrpc.php'
        self.header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}


    def user_login(self):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                           "method": "user.login",
                           "params": {
                                      "user": "admin",
                                      "password": "zabbix"
                                      },
                           "id": 0
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)

        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "33[041m 认证失败，请检查URL !33[0m",e.code
        except KeyError as e:
            print "33[041m 认证失败，请检查用户名密码 !33[0m",e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            #print response['result']
            self.authID = response['result']
            return self.authID

    def hostid_get_hostname(self, hostId=''):
        data = json.dumps({
            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
            "method": "host.get",
            "params": {
                "output": "extend",
                "filter": {"hostid": hostId}
            },
            "auth": self.user_login(),
            "id": 1
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
                print 'We failed to reach a server.'
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
                print 'Error code: ', e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            #print response
            result.close()

            if not len(response['result']):
                print "hostId is not exist"
                return False

            #print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m" % (len(response['result']))
            host_dict=dict()
            for host in response['result']:
                status = {"0": "OK", "1": "Disabled"}
                available = {"0": "Unknown", "1": "available", "2": "Unavailable"}
                #if len(hostId) == 0:
                #    print "HostID : %s	 HostName : %s	 Status :33[32m%s33[0m 	 Available :33[31m%s33[0m" % (
                #        host['hostid'], host['name'], status[host['status']], available[host['available']])
                #else:
                #    print "HostID : %s	 HostName : %s	 Status :33[32m%s33[0m 	 Available :33[31m%s33[0m" % (
                #        host['hostid'], host['name'], status[host['status']], available[host['available']])
                host_dict['name']=host['name']
                host_dict['status']=status[host['status']]
                host_dict['available']=available[host['available']]
                return host_dict

    def hostid_get_hostip(self, hostId=''):
        data = json.dumps({
            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
            "method": "hostinterface.get",
            "params": {
                "output": "extend",
                "filter": {"hostid": hostId}
            },
            "auth": self.user_login(),
            "id": 1
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
                print 'We failed to reach a server.'
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
                print 'Error code: ', e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            # print response
            result.close()

            if not len(response['result']):
                print "33[041m hostid 33[0m is not exist"
                return False

            #print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m" % (len(response['result']))
            for hostip in response['result']:
                #print hostip
                #if len(hostip) == 0:
                #    print "HostID : %s	 HostIp : %s 	 Port : %s " % (hostip['hostid'], hostip['ip'], hostip['port'])
                #else:
                #    print "HostID : %s	 HostIp :33[32m%s33[0m 	 Port :33[31m%s33[0m" % (
                #        hostip['hostid'], hostip['ip'], hostip['port'])
                return hostip['ip']

    def host_get(self,hostName=''):
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.get",
                "params": {
                          "output": "extend",
                          #"filter":{"host":""}
                          "filter":{"host":hostName}
                          },
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
                print 'We failed to reach a server.'
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
                print 'Error code: ', e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            #print reqponse
            result.close()

            if not len(response['result']):
                print "33[041m %s 33[0m is not exist" % hostName
                return False

            print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m"%(len(response['result']))
            for host in response['result']:
                status={"0":"OK","1":"Disabled"}
                available={"0":"Unknown","1":"available","2":"Unavailable"}
                #print host
                if len(hostName)==0:
                    print "HostID : %s	 HostName : %s	 HostIp : %s	 Status :%s 	 Available :%s"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],self.hostid_get_hostip(hostId=host['hostid']),status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
                else:
                    print "HostID : %s	 HostName : %s	 HostIp : %s	 Status :33[32m%s33[0m 	 Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(host['hostid'],host['name'],self.hostid_get_hostip(hostId=host['hostid']),status[host['status']],available[host['available']])
                    return host['hostid']

    def hostip_get(self, hostIp=''):
        data = json.dumps({
            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
            "method": "hostinterface.get",
            "params": {
                "output": "extend",
                "filter": {"ip": hostIp}
            },
            "auth": self.user_login(),
            "id": 1
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
                print 'We failed to reach a server.'
                print 'Reason: ', e.reason
            elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
                print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
                print 'Error code: ', e.code
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            # print response
            result.close()

            if not len(response['result']):
                print "33[041m hostip 33[0m is not exist"
                return False

            print "主机数量: 33[31m%s33[0m" % (len(response['result']))
            for hostip in response['result']:
                host = self.hostid_get_hostname(hostip['hostid'])
                if len(hostip) == 0:
                    print "HostID : %s	 HostName : %s	 HostIp : %s	 Status :33[32m%s33[0m 	 Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(hostip['hostid'],host['name'],hostip['ip'],host['status'],host['available'])
                else:
                    print "HostID : %s	 HostName : %s	 HostIp : %s	 Status :33[32m%s33[0m 	 Available :33[31m%s33[0m"%(hostip['hostid'],host['name'],hostip['ip'],host['status'],host['available'])
                    return hostip['hostid']

    def hostgroup_get(self, hostgroupName=''):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"hostgroup.get",
                           "params":{
                                     "output": "extend",
                                     "filter": {
                                                "name": hostgroupName
                                                }
                                     },
                           "auth":self.user_login(),
                           "id":1,
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            # result.read()
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            #print response()
            if not len(response['result']):
                print "33[041m %s 33[0m is not exist" % hostgroupName
                return False

            for group in response['result']:
                if  len(hostgroupName)==0:
                    print "hostgroup:  33[31m%s33[0m 	groupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
                else:
                    print "hostgroup:  33[31m%s33[0m	groupid : %s" %(group['name'],group['groupid'])
                    self.hostgroupID = group['groupid']
            return group['groupid']

    def template_get(self,templateName=''):
        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method": "template.get",
                           "params": {
                                      "output": "extend",
                                      "filter": {
                                                 "name":templateName
                                                 }
                                      },
                           "auth":self.user_login(),
                           "id":1,
                           })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            #print response
            if not len(response['result']):
                print "33[041m %s 33[0m is not exist" % templateName
                return False

            for template in response['result']:
                if len(templateName)==0:
                    print "template : %s 	 id : %s" % (template['name'], template['templateid'])
                else:
                    self.templateID = response['result'][0]['templateid']
                    print "Template Name :%s"%templateName
                    return response['result'][0]['templateid']

    def hostgroup_create(self,hostgroupName):
        if self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName):
            print "hostgroup  33[42m%s33[0m is exist !" % hostgroupName
            sys.exit(1)

        data = json.dumps({
                          "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                          "method": "hostgroup.create",
                          "params": {
                          "name": hostgroupName
                          },
                          "auth": self.user_login(),
                          "id": 1
                          })
        request=urllib2.Request(self.url,data)

        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print "添加主机组:%s  hostgroupID : %s"%(hostgroupName,self.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName))

    def host_create(self, hostIp, hostgroupName, templateName, hostName):
        if self.host_get(hostName) or self.hostip_get(hostIp):
            print "该主机已经添加!"
            sys.exit(1)

        group_list=[]
        template_list=[]
        for i in hostgroupName.split(','):
            var = {}
            var['groupid'] = self.hostgroup_get(i)
            group_list.append(var)
        for i in templateName.split(','):
            var={}
            var['templateid']=self.template_get(i)
            template_list.append(var)

        data = json.dumps({
                           "jsonrpc":"2.0",
                           "method":"host.create",
                           "params":{
                                     "host": hostName,
                                     "interfaces": [
                                     {
                                     "type": 1,
                                     "main": 1,
                                     "useip": 1,
                                     "ip": hostIp,
                                     "dns": "",
                                     "port": "10050"
                                      }
                                     ],
                                   "groups": group_list,
                                   "templates": template_list,
                                     },
                           "auth": self.user_login(),
                           "id":1
        })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url, data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print "add host : %s id :%s" % (hostIp, hostName)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        except KeyError as e:
            print "33[041m 主机添加有误，请检查模板正确性或主机是否添加重复 !33[0m",e
            print response

    def host_disable(self,hostip):
        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.update",
                "params": {
                "hostid": self.host_get(hostip),
                "status": 1
                },
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        #opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(TerminalPassword()))
        for key in self.header:
                request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            #result = opener.open(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print '------------主机现在状态------------'
            print self.host_get(hostip)

    def host_enable(self,hostip):
        data=json.dumps({
            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
            "method": "host.update",
            "params": {
            "hostid": self.host_get(hostip),
            "status": 0
            },
            "auth": self.user_login(),
            "id": 1
            })
        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])
        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            #result = opener.open(request)
        except URLError as e:
            print "Error as ", e
        else:
            response = json.loads(result.read())
            result.close()
            print '------------主机现在状态------------'
            print self.host_get(hostip)

    def host_delete(self,hostNames):
        hostid_list=[]
        for hostName in hostNames.split(','):
            hostid = self.host_get(hostName=hostName)
            if not hostid:
                print "主机 33[041m %s33[0m  删除失败 !" % hostName
                sys.exit()
            hostid_list.append(hostid)

        data=json.dumps({
                "jsonrpc": "2.0",
                "method": "host.delete",
                "params": hostid_list,
                "auth": self.user_login(),
                "id": 1
                })

        request = urllib2.Request(self.url,data)
        for key in self.header:
            request.add_header(key, self.header[key])

        try:
            result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
            result.close()
            print "主机 33[041m %s33[0m  已经删除 !" % hostName
        except Exception,e:
            print  e

if __name__ == "__main__":
    zabbix=zabbix_api()
    parser=argparse.ArgumentParser(description='zabbix api ',usage='%(prog)s [options]')
    parser.add_argument('-H','--host',nargs='?',dest='listhost',default='host',help='查询主机')
    parser.add_argument('-G','--group',nargs='?',dest='listgroup',default='group',help='查询主机组')
    parser.add_argument('-T','--template',nargs='?',dest='listtemp',default='template',help='查询模板信息')
    parser.add_argument('-A','--add-group',nargs=1,dest='addgroup',help='添加主机组')
    parser.add_argument('-C','--add-host',dest='addhost',nargs=4,metavar=('192.168.2.1', 'groupname', 'Template01,Template02', 'hostName'),help='添加主机,多个主机组或模板用逗号')
    parser.add_argument('-d','--disable',dest='disablehost',nargs='+',metavar=('sh-aa-01'),help='禁用主机,填主机名')
    parser.add_argument('-e','--enable',dest='enablehost',nargs='+',metavar=('sh-aa-01'),help='开启主机,填主机名')
    parser.add_argument('-D','--delete',dest='deletehost',nargs='+',metavar=('sh-aa-01'),help='删除主机,填主机名')
    parser.add_argument('-v','--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 1.0')

    if len(sys.argv) == 1:
        print parser.print_help()
        #print zabbix.host_get(hostName='bbb')
        #print zabbix.hostip_get(hostIp='127.0.0.1')
        #print zabbix.hostid_get_hostname(hostId='10108')
        #print zabbix.hostid_get_hostid(hostId='10105')
        #print zabbix.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName='Linux servers')
        #print zabbix.hostgroup_get(hostgroupName='aaa')
        #print zabbix.host_delete('hz-aaa-02')
    else:
        args = parser.parse_args()
        if args.listhost != 'host':
            if args.listhost:
                zabbix.host_get(args.listhost)
            else:
                zabbix.host_get()
        if args.listgroup != 'group':
            if args.listgroup:
                zabbix.hostgroup_get(args.listgroup)
            else:
                zabbix.hostgroup_get()
        if args.listtemp != 'template':
            if args.listtemp:
                zabbix.template_get(args.listtemp)
            else:
                zabbix.template_get()
        if args.addgroup:
            zabbix.hostgroup_create(args.addgroup[0])
        if args.addhost:
            zabbix.host_create(args.addhost[0], args.addhost[1], args.addhost[2], args.addhost[3])
        if args.disablehost:
            zabbix.host_disable(args.disablehost)
        if args.enablehost:
            zabbix.host_enable(args.enablehost)
        if args.deletehost:
            zabbix.host_delete(args.deletehost[0])
zbx_tools.py
(原文地址：https://www.jianshu.com/p/e087cace8ddf)
使用方法
帮助说明
python zbx_tools.py
查询主机
python zbx_tools.py -H
查询主机组
python zbx_tools.py -G
查询模板信息
python zbx_tools.py -T | grep Linux
添加主机组
python zbx_tools.py -A ADDGROUP
添加主机
python zbx_tools.py -C 10.10.40.20 "Linux servers" "Template OS Linux" "HostName_Test"
python zbx_tools.py -C 10.10.40.20 "Linux servers","Discovered hosts" "Template OS Linux","Template App HTTP Service" "HostName_Test"
禁用主机
python zbx_tools.py -d "HostName_Test"
开启主机
python zbx_tools.py -e "HostName_Test"
删除主机
python zbx_tools.py -D "HostName_Test"
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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Mrhuangrui/p/8206194.html