我又来了，来分享年前的unittest接口自动化实战啦。这次自动化接口框架比较简单，但是五脏俱全。(注:项目是针对我们公司内部系统的测试，我就不分享链接了。）
项目简介
项目名称：****名片系统
项目目的：实现系统项目自动化测试执行
项目版本：v1.0
项目目录
tools #存放辅助方法
configEmail.py #发送测试报告电子邮件 HTMLTestRunner.py #第三方插件 log.py #输出日志文件 mail_receiver.txt #存放接收人邮箱地址 read_json.py #读取单一测试数据json文件 read_more_json #读取more测试数据json文件
report #存放html测试报告
logs #存放输入日志文件
data #存放参数化测试数据（json文件）
case #存放测试用例
api #存放封装测试方法
caselist.txt #存放要执行的测试用例
getpathInfo.py #获取当前路径
runAll.py #运行caselist.txt中的测试用例，输出测试报告
项目框架
unittest单元测试框架
项目设计
1.每一个用例组合在一个测试类里面生成一个py文件
2.一个模块（被测项目功能）对应一个py文件及一个测试类（测试文件）
3.通过 parameterized 对参数进行参数化
项目目标
1. 生成测试用例执行结果报告
2.生成测试用例执行日志
3.用例执行失败或者执行完成后自动发送邮件报告
4.数据驱动（读取测试数据，减少脚本维护成本）
项目代码
getpathInfo.py #获取当前路径
import os def get_Path(): #获取上级路径 #path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "..")) #获取当前路径 path = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] return path if __name__ == '__main__':# 执行该文件，测试下是否OK print('测试路径是否OK,路径为：', get_Path())
caselist.txt #存放可执行测试用例
runAll.py #运行文件
import os import time from BeautifulReport import BeautifulReport import getpathInfo import tools.HTMLTestRunner as HTMLTestRunner import unittest from tools.configEmail import send_email, getReceiverInfo import tools.Log path = getpathInfo.get_Path() report_path = os.path.join(path, 'report') log = tools.Log.logger class AllTest:#定义一个类AllTest def __init__(self):#初始化一些参数和数据 global resultPath resultPath = os.path.join(report_path) self.caseListFile = os.path.join(path, "caselist.txt")#配置执行哪些测试文件的配置文件路径 self.caseFile = os.path.join(path, "case")#真正的测试断言文件路径 self.caseList = [] log.info('resultPath'+resultPath)#将resultPath的值输入到日志，方便定位查看问题 log.info('caseListFile'+self.caseListFile)#同理 log.info('caseList'+str(self.caseList))#同理 def set_case_list(self): """ 读取caselist.txt文件中的用例名称，并添加到caselist元素组 :return: """ fb = open(self.caseListFile) for value in fb.readlines(): data = str(value) if data != '' and not data.startswith("#"):# 如果data非空且不以#开头 self.caseList.append(data.replace(" ", ""))#读取每行数据会将换行转换为 ，去掉每行数据中的 fb.close() def set_case_suite(self): """ :return: """ self.set_case_list()#通过set_case_list()拿到caselist元素组 test_suite = unittest.TestSuite() suite_module = [] for case in self.caseList:#从caselist元素组中循环取出case case_name = case.split("/")[-1]#通过split函数来将aaa/bbb分割字符串，-1取后面，0取前面 print(case_name+".py")#打印出取出来的名称 #批量加载用例，第一个参数为用例存放路径，第一个参数为路径文件名 discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(self.caseFile, pattern=case_name + '.py', top_level_dir=None) suite_module.append(discover)#将discover存入suite_module元素组 print('suite_module:'+str(suite_module)) if len(suite_module) > 0:#判断suite_module元素组是否存在元素 for suite in suite_module:#如果存在，循环取出元素组内容，命名为suite for test_name in suite:#从discover中取出test_name，使用addTest添加到测试集 test_suite.addTest(test_name) else: print('else:') return None return test_suite#返回测试集 def run(self): """ run test :return: """ try: suit = self.set_case_suite()#调用set_case_suite获取test_suite print('try') print(str(suit)) if suit is not None:#判断test_suite是否为空 print('if-suit') currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S') filename = currTime + '.html' # currTime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H_%M_%S') # fileName = report_path + r' eport'+ currTime + '.html' result = BeautifulReport(suit) result.report(filename= filename, description='接口测试报告') # fp = open(fileName, 'wb') # runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestReportCN # (stream=fp, title='自动化接口测试报告', # description='处理器:Intel(R) Core(TM) ' # 'i5-5200U CPU @ 2.20GHz 2.20 GHz ' # '内存:8G 系统类型: 64位 版本: windows 10 专业版') # runner.run(suit) else: print("Have no case to test.") except Exception as ex: print(str(ex)) #log.info(str(ex)) finally: print("*********TEST END*********") #log.info("*********TEST END*********") #fp.close() #发送测试邮件 # read_msg = getReceiverInfo( # r'F:python_testAutomation_interfaceTest oolsmail_receiver.txt') # sendmail = send_email(read_msg) # sendmail.sendEmail(fileName) # pythoncom.CoInitialize() # scheduler = BlockingScheduler() # scheduler.add_job(AllTest().run, 'cron', day_of_week='1-5', hour=14, minute=59) # scheduler.start() if __name__ == '__main__': AllTest().run()
tools #辅助方法
configEmail.py # 发送邮件
import os import smtplib import getpathInfo from tools.Log import Logger from email.mime.text import MIMEText from email.header import Header log = Logger(__name__) path = getpathInfo.get_Path() report_path = os.path.join(path, 'report') # 存放测试报告文件的路径 mail_path = os.path.join(path,'tools')#存放收件人地址文件路径 class send_email(): ''' 邮件配置信息 ''' def __init__(self, receiver, subject='*******', server='smtp.qq.com', fromuser='******', frompassword='yjkxwfmrbumrbbce', sender='*******'): """ :param receiver: :param subject: :param server: :param fromuser: :param frompassword: :param sender: """ self._server = server self._fromuser = fromuser self._frompassword = frompassword self._sender = sender self._receiver = receiver self._subject = subject def sendEmail(self, fileName): """ :param filename: :return: """ # 打开报告文件读取文件内容 try: f = open(os.path.join(report_path, fileName), 'rb') fileMsg = f.read() except Exception: log.logger.exception( 'open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' % (fileName, report_path)) log.logger.info('open and read file [%s] successed!' % fileName) else: f.close() # 邮件主题 subject = 'Python test report' # # 邮件设置 msg = MIMEText(fileMsg, 'html', 'utf-8') msg['subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8') msg['from'] = self._sender # 连接服务器，登录服务器，发送邮件 try: smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect(self._server) smtp.login(self._fromuser, self._frompassword) except Exception: log.logger.exception('connect [%s] server failed or username and password incorrect!' % smtp) else: log.logger.info('email server [%s] login success!' % smtp) try: smtp.sendmail(self._sender, self._receiver, msg.as_string()) except Exception: log.logger.exception('send email failed!') else: log.logger.info('send email successed!') # 从文件中读取邮件接收人信息 def getReceiverInfo(fileName): ''' :param filename: 读取接收邮件人信息 :return: 接收邮件人信息 ''' try: openFile = open(os.path.join(mail_path, fileName)) except Exception: log.logger.exception('open or read file [%s] failed,No such file or directory: %s' % (fileName, mail_path)) else: log.logger.info('open file [%s] successed!' % fileName) for line in openFile: msg = [i.strip() for i in line.split(',')] log.logger.info('reading [%s] and got receiver value is [%s]' % (fileName, msg)) return msg if __name__ == '__main__':# 运营此文件来验证写的send_email是否正确 readMsg = getReceiverInfo('mail_receiver.txt') sendmail = send_email(readMsg) sendmail.sendEmail('report.html')
HTMLTestRunner.py #第三方插件
log.py #输出日志文件
import os import logging import time from logging.handlers import TimedRotatingFileHandler import getpathInfo path = getpathInfo.get_Path() log_path = os.path.join(path, 'logs') # 存放log文件的路径 class Logger(object): def __init__(self, logger_name='logs…'): self.logger = logging.getLogger(logger_name) logging.root.setLevel(logging.NOTSET) currTime = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d") self.log_file_name = currTime+'logs' # 日志文件的名称 self.backup_count = 5 # 最多存放日志的数量 # 日志输出级别 self.console_output_level = 'WARNING' self.file_output_level = 'DEBUG' # 日志输出格式 self.formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s') def get_logger(self): """在logger中添加日志句柄并返回，如果logger已有句柄，则直接返回""" if not self.logger.handlers: # 避免重复日志 console_handler = logging.StreamHandler() console_handler.setFormatter(self.formatter) console_handler.setLevel(self.console_output_level) self.logger.addHandler(console_handler) # 每天重新创建一个日志文件，最多保留backup_count份 file_handler = TimedRotatingFileHandler(filename=os.path.join(log_path, self.log_file_name), when='D', interval=1, backupCount=self.backup_count, delay=True, encoding='utf-8') file_handler.setFormatter(self.formatter) file_handler.setLevel(self.file_output_level) self.logger.addHandler(file_handler) return self.logger logger = Logger().get_logger()
mail_receiver.txt #存放接受人邮箱地址
read_json.py # 读取单一测试数据
import json import getpathInfo import os class ReadJson(object): def __init__(self,filename): path = getpathInfo.get_Path() self.filepath = os.path.join(path, 'data')+"/"+filename def read_json(self): with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f: # 调用load方法加载文件流 return json.load(f) if __name__ == '__main__': data = ReadJson("updateuserpwd.json").read_json() arrs = [] arrs.append((data.get("url"), data.get("userId"), data.get("data"), data.get("success"), data.get("message"))) print(arrs)
read_more_json.py # 读取more测试数据
import json class ReadJson(object): def __init__(self,filename): self.filepath = '../data/' +filename def read_json(self): with open(self.filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8")as f: # 调用load方法加载文件流 return json.load(f) if __name__ == '__main__': datas = ReadJson("login_more.json").read_json() arrs = [] for data in datas.values(): arrs.append((data.get("url"), data.get("mobile"), data.get("code"), data.get("expect_result"), data.get("status_code"))) print(arrs)
#测试用例
import requests class ApiLogin(object): def api_post_login(self,data): #headers定义 headers = {"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"} #url定义 url = "http://*******" #调用post返回相应对象 return requests.post(url, headers=headers,data = data)
#客户经理登录接口 import sys import unittest from api.api_login import ApiLogin from parameterized import parameterized from tools.read_more_json import ReadJson import tools.Log log = tools.Log.logger #读取数据函数 def get_data(): datas = ReadJson('login.json').read_json() arrs = [] for data in datas.values(): arrs.append((data.get("data"), data.get("message"), data.get("desc"))) return arrs class TestLogin(unittest.TestCase): '''登录接口 ''' @parameterized.expand(get_data()) # 参数化测试用例 def test_login(self,data,message,desc): #调用登录方法 s = ApiLogin().api_post_login(data) #调试使用添加描述 self._testMethodDoc = desc #print('查看响应结果：',s.text) #断言响应信息 self.assertIn(message,s.text) # 生成响应日志 log.info('[%s]响应数据为:[%s]' % (sys._getframe().f_code.co_name, s.text)) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main()
#测试数据
{ "login_001":{ "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "名片管理系统", "desc": "正常登录"}, "login_002": { "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456n","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "密码不正确", "desc": "账号错误登录"}, "login_003": { "data":{"loginName":"admir", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "账号不存在", "desc": "密码错误登录"}, "login_004": { "data":{"loginName":" ", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "帐号密码登录", "desc": "密码为空登录"}, "login_005": { "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": " ","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "密码不正确", "desc":"账号为空登录"}, "login_006": { "data":{"loginName":"adm in", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "账号不存在", "desc":"账号存在空格登录"}, "login_007": { "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123 456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "密码不正确", "desc":"密码存在空格登录"}, "login_008": { "data":{"loginName":"admin.", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "账号不存在", "desc":"账号存在特殊符号登录"}, "login_009": { "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "123456.","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "密码不正确", "desc":"密码存在特殊符号登录"}, "login_010": { "data":{"loginName":"admi", "password": "123456","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "账号不存在", "desc":"账号不完整登录"}, "login_010": { "data":{"loginName":"admin", "password": "12345","memberPass": "on"}, "message": "密码不正确", "desc":"密码不完整登录"} }
#测试报告
就这样吧，其他测试用例与之类似就不展出了。