Maven+Struts2+spring初尝试

一、Struts2的配置

见上文：Struts2的应用

二、整合spring

这里主要使用spring的控制反转注入，来管理bean。奖action的对应bean都由spring来注入管理。

1、项目目录

这里依旧采用maven来管理项目

2、maven的pox.xml配置文件，引入对应所需的jar包

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.mdf</groupId>
  <artifactId>Struts2Demo</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>Struts2Demo Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 使用maven 引入 struts2 jar包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 引入server-api包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 引入spring核心jar包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 引入Struts2和Spring整合插件 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
        <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.3.4.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>Struts2Demo</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

3、web.xml配置文件

<web-app>
    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <!-- Struts2过滤器 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    
    <!-- spring坚挺，配置文件目录 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
</web-app>

4、spring.xml（spring的配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation ="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <!-- 注入service -->
    <bean name="StudentService" class="com.mdf.service.impl.StudentServiceImpl"></bean>
    <!-- 注入action的类 -->
    <bean id="StudentAction" class="com.mdf.action.StudentAction">
        <!-- property注入的与action对应类中声明的需要一致 -->
        <property name="studentservice">
            <ref bean="StudentService"></ref>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

这里提个醒，在注入service和action的时候，需要对应action类中的实例化service名，我在这里吃了不少亏，一直报错。在注释中也标注了，大家需要注意。

这里将所有的bean的注入都在spring中控制了，之后Struts2中action控制的时候，class只需要引入spring中设置的对应action的bean名就行了。

5、struts.xml（Struts2的配置文件）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC  
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"  
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">

<struts>
    <!-- 利用spring来初始化action的bean -->
    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />

    <package name="Student" namespace="/student" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="test" class="StudentAction">
            <result name="success">/WEB-INF/context/success.jsp</result>
            <result name="error">/WEB-INF/context/error.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

6、对应测试的action、service类

action：

package com.mdf.action;

import com.mdf.bean.Student;
import com.mdf.service.StudentService;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action;

public class StudentAction implements Action {

    //这里需要与spring的配置文件中对应
    private StudentService studentservice;
    private Student student;
    
    public StudentService getStudentservice() {
        return studentservice;
    }

    public void setStudentservice(StudentService studentservice) {
        this.studentservice = studentservice;
    }

    public Student getStudent() {
        return student;
    }

    public void setStudent(Student student) {
        this.student = student;
    }

    public String execute(){
        student=studentservice.getStudent();
        if(student.getName()=="madifei"){
            return "success";
        }else{
            return "error";
        }
    }
}

service：

package com.mdf.service.impl;

import com.mdf.bean.Student;
import com.mdf.service.StudentService;

public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {

    public Student getStudent() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Student returnValue=null;
        
        Student student=new Student();
        student.setName("madifei");
        student.setAge(28);
        
        returnValue=student;
        
        return returnValue;
    }

}

三、感悟

这只是基础的spring+Struts2的整合应用吧，对于框架的了解还是甚少，虽然仔细百度了不少有关spring和Struts2的知识，对于原理还是有些一知半解。后期应用上要不断地去理解，不该只是能够挑出程序功能即可。