UIView

UIView

cmd + 1模拟器比例100%

cmd + 2模拟器比例75%

cmd + 3模拟器比例50%

cmd + 4模拟器比例33%

cmd + 5模拟器比例25%

cmd + shift + h 点击Home键

cmd + shift + k 模拟器连接物理键盘

cmd + k 隐藏或者显示虚拟器上的键盘

cmd + shift + hh 显示所有打开的应用程序

cmd + l 锁屏

删除应用: 长按应用, 点击x

cmd + s 截屏

程序的入口是main函数

int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        NSLog(@"程序的入口main函数");
        //指定程序的代理为AppDelegate
        //所有和程序相关的操作都是由AppDelegate来处理
        return UIApplicationMain(argc, argv, nil, NSStringFromClass([AppDelegate class]));
    }
}

Extension, 延展, 私有方法的声明和在类内部使用的实例变量

@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate
-(void)dealloc {
    [_window release];
    [super dealloc];
}

程序已经完成加载

- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
}

- (void)applicationWillResignActive:(UIApplication *)application {
    NSLog(@"程序将要注销激活");
}

- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application {
    NSLog(@"程序已经进入后台");
}

- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application {
    NSLog(@"程序将要进入前台");
}

- (void)applicationDidBecomeActive:(UIApplication *)application {
    NSLog(@"程序已经激活");
}

- (void)applicationWillTerminate:(UIApplication *)application {
    NSLog(@"程序将要终止");
}

 UI: User Interface, 用户界面

 UIWindow, 窗口类, 所有的控件必须放到window上才能显示, 一个iOS应用至少要有一个窗口, 继承于UIView

 iOS手机中的坐标系, 不同于数学中的笛卡尔坐标系, 原点在左上角, x轴: 向右越来越大, y轴: 向下越来越大

 与坐标系相关的数据类型

  CGPoint, 结构体, 用于存放一个点的坐标

    CGPoint point = CGPointMake(10, 100);
    NSLog(@"%.lf, %.lf", point.x, point.y);
    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGPoint(point));

 CGSize, 结构体, 用于存放矩形的宽和高

    CGSize size = CGSizeMake(150, 200);
    NSLog(@"%.lf %.lf", size.width, size.height);
    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGSize(size));

CGRect, 结构体, 用于存放矩形的位置和大小

    CGRect rect = CGRectMake(10, 100, 150, 200);
    NSLog(@"%.lf %.lf %.lf %.lf", rect.origin.x, rect.origin.y, rect.size.width, rect.size.height);
    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGRect(rect));

 [UIScreen mainScreen] bounds], 主屏幕的大小

 [UIScreen mainScreen], 获取到主屏幕

 UIScreen, 屏幕类

   NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGRect([[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds])); 

 屏幕大小(单位:pt, point)

    1, 3g, 3gs, 4, 4s: [320 * 480]

    5, 5s, 5c: [320 * 568]

    6, 6s: [375 * 667]

    6 Plus, 6s Plus: [414 * 736]

 创建一个和屏幕大小一样的window对象

   self.window = [[[UIWindow alloc] initWithFrame:[[UIScreen mainScreen] bounds]] autorelease]; 

UIColor, 颜色类, 继承于NSObject, 用于展示一种颜色

RGBA, 取值范围[0, 1]

  UIColor *color = [UIColor colorWithRed:0.656 green:1.000 blue:0.838 alpha:1.000];  

设置背景颜色

  self.window.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor]; 

让当前窗口成为主窗口, 并显示

 [self.window makeKeyAndVisible]; 

  ARC->MRC

    1.gar

    2.strong->retain

    3.重写dealloc方法

    4.window, autorelease

 UIView, 继承于UIResponder, 一个矩形区域, 所有的控件都是继承于UIView, 用户在手机上能够看到的都是UIView或UIView的子类

 创建一个视图的步骤   

   1.创建视图, 并设定位置和大小
    UIView *aView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 30, 100, 200)];
    //2.设置视图属性
    //颜色
    aView.backgroundColor = [UIColor purpleColor];
    //是否隐藏
    aView.hidden = YES;
    //不透明度
    aView.alpha = 0.6;
    //3.添加到window上
    [self.window addSubview:aView];
    //4.释放视图
    [aView release];

    UIView *redView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 50, 100, 100)];
    redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    redView.hidden = YES;
    redView.alpha = 0.7;
    [self.window addSubview:redView];
    [redView release];
    
    UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100)];
    blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    blueView.hidden = YES;
    blueView.alpha = 0.7;
    [self.window addSubview:blueView];
     [blueView release];
    
    UIView *greenView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(150, 150, 100, 100)];
    greenView.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
    greenView.hidden = YES;
    greenView.alpha = 0.7;
    [self.window addSubview:greenView];
    [greenView release];

随机位置, 随机颜色, 创建视图

UIColor *randomColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random() % 256 / 255. green:arc4random() % 256 / 255. blue:arc4random() % 256 / 255. alpha:arc4random() % 256 / 255.];

    for (NSInteger i = 0; i < 1888; i++) {
        UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(arc4random() % (375 - 10 + 1) / 1. , arc4random() % (667 - 10 + 1) / 1., 10, 10)];
        view.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random() % 256 / 255. green:arc4random() % 256 / 255. blue:arc4random() % 256 / 255. alpha:1];
        [self.window addSubview:view];
        [view release];
    }

 视图的层级关系

    1.越晚添加的视图, 显示在最前面

    2.一个视图只能有一个父视图, 但是可以有多个子视图

    3.一个视图位置, 是相对于它的父类视图坐标系计算的

    UIView *redView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 50, 300, 300)];
    redView.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    redView.hidden = NO;
    redView.alpha = 0.8;
    [self.window addSubview:redView];
    [redView release];
    
    UIView *blueView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 100, 100)];
    blueView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blueColor];
    blueView.hidden = NO;
    blueView.alpha = 0.7;
    //超出父视图部分是否切除, 默认NO
    blueView.clipsToBounds = YES;
    [redView addSubview:blueView];
    [blueView release];
   
    UIView *greenView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 50, 100, 100)];
    greenView.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
    greenView.hidden = NO;
    greenView.alpha = 0.7;
    [blueView addSubview:greenView];
    [greenView release];

    //父视图
    NSLog(@"%@", redView.superview);
    //子视图
    NSLog(@"%@", redView.subviews);
    NSLog(@"%@", self.window.subviews);

center, 基于父视图坐标系, 视图中心点在父视图坐标系中的位置

    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGPoint(redView.center));
    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGPoint(blueView.center));

frame, 基于父视图坐标系, 视图在父视图坐标系中的位置和大小

    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGRect(redView.frame));
    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGRect(blueView.frame));

bounds, 基于自身坐标系, 视图在自身坐标系中的位置和大小, 默认值:{0, 0, w, h}

    NSLog(@"%@", NSStringFromCGRect(redView.bounds));
    redView.bounds = CGRectMake(100, 100, 300, 300);

UIView属性

    1.backgroundColor(默认透明色)

    2.hidden

    3.alpha

    4.clipsToBounds

    5.superView

    6.subViews

    7.center

    8.frame

    9.bounds