实验五 矩阵键盘
一、实验目的
1、掌握矩阵键盘的硬件电路原理和软件编程方法；
2、掌握利用数码管显示矩阵键盘键值的编程方法。
二、实验说明
本实验提供了一个4X4小键盘，开始先将4行置一，4列置零，判断是否有键按下，如果有键按下，则逐列判断。键值判断方法:行*4+列，在有键按下后，要有一定的延时，防止键盘抖动。
三、实验内容及步骤
内容：
程序功能按下矩阵键盘单元键盘，静态显示单元数码管显示对应数字。
步骤：
1、根据硬件连接电路，编写程序并编译生成*.hex文件；
2、打开实验箱电源；
3、参照STC12C5A60S2下载说明中STC_ISP软件使用说明，向单片机中下载程序；
4、通过排线，将单片机最小系统单元的P2口的0-7与矩阵键盘单元的J0701的0-7一一对应相，通过信号线将单片机最小系统单元的P1.0、P1.1、P1.2分别与静态显示单元的SER、SRCLK、RCLK相连；
5、打开静态显示单元开关；
6、观察静态显示单元的LED1106数码管显示情况，若显示结果不正确，请修改该程序，重复以上操作。
1 DAT BIT P1.0 2 SRCLK BIT P1.1 3 RCLK BIT P1.2 4 ORG 00H 5 LJMP MAIN 6 ORG 0080H 7 MAIN: 8 MOV SP,#50H 9 MOV 30H,#10H ;键值存放在30H单元中 10 SLOOP: 11 ACALL JTXS 12 ACALL DELAY 13 ACALL KEYSCAN 14 SJMP SLOOP 15 KEYSCAN: 16 MOV R0,#00H 17 LOOP: 18 MOV P2,#0F0H ;将列清零 19 MOV A,P2 20 CJNE A,#0F0H,KEY1 ;判断是否有键按下 21 LJMP LOOP 22 KEY1: 23 ACALL DELAY ;延时去抖动 24 MOV P2,#0F0H 25 NOP 26 NOP 27 MOV A,P2 28 CJNE A,#0F0H,KEY2 ;判断键值 29 LJMP LOOP 30 KEY2: 31 MOV 31H,#0FEH ;将第一列置一 32 MOV A,31H 33 HANG: 34 MOV P2,A 35 MOV 31H,A 36 MOV B,R0 ;代表第几行 37 ACALL LIE 38 INC R0 39 MOV A,31H 40 RL A 41 CJNE R0,#04H,HANG 42 RET 43 LIE: ;判断列值 44 MOV A,P2 45 ANL A,#0F0H 46 CJNE A,#0E0H,K2 47 MOV 32H,#00 ;第一列 48 SJMP JIE 49 K2: 50 CJNE A,#0D0H,K3 51 MOV 32H,#01 ;第二列 52 SJMP JIE 53 K3: 54 CJNE A,#0B0H,K4 55 MOV 32H,#02 ;第三列 56 SJMP JIE 57 K4: 58 CJNE A,#70H,LEND 59 MOV 32H,#03 60 SJMP JIE ;第四列 61 JIE: 62 MOV A,#04H ;行*4+列 63 MUL AB 64 MOV B,32H 65 ADD A,B 66 MOV 30H,A 67 LEND: 68 RET 69 ;静态显示 70 JTXS: 71 MOV 31H,#10H 72 MOV 32H,#10H 73 MOV 33H,#10H 74 MOV 34H,#10H 75 MOV 35H,#10H 76 CHANGE: 77 MOV R2,#06H 78 MOV DPTR,#TABLE 79 MOV R0,#30H 80 MOV R1,#40H 81 LOOP3: 82 MOV A,@R0 83 MOVC A,@A+DPTR 84 MOV @R1,A 85 INC R0 86 INC R1 87 DJNZ R2,LOOP3 88 ZYXS: 89 MOV R2,#06H 90 MOV R1,#08H 91 MOV R0,#40H 92 LOOP2: 93 MOV A,@R0 94 MOV R1,#08H 95 LOOP1: 96 CLR SRCLK 97 RLC A 98 MOV DAT,C 99 NOP; 100 SETB SRCLK 101 DJNZ R1,LOOP1 102 INC R0 103 DJNZ R2,LOOP2 104 CLR RCLK 105 NOP; 106 NOP; 107 NOP; 108 SETB RCLK 109 RET 110 TABLE: 111 DB 3FH,06H,5BH,4FH,66H,6DH 112 DB 7DH,07H,7FH,6FH,77H,7CH 113 DB 39H,5EH,79H,71H,00H 114 DELAY: 115 MOV R1,#20H 116 DELAY1: 117 MOV R2,#00H 118 DELAY2: 119 DJNZ R2,DELAY2 120 DJNZ R1,DELAY1 121 RET 122 END
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 unsigned char buf1[6] = { 16,16,16,16,16,16 }; 4 unsigned char buf2[6]; 5 unsigned char code table[] = { 0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F, 6 0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07, 7 0x7F,0x6F,0x77,0x7C, 8 0x39,0x5E,0x79,0x71, 9 0x00 }; 10 sbit ser = P1 ^ 0 ; 11 sbit srclk = P1 ^ 1 ; 12 sbit rclk = P1 ^ 2; 13 void main( void ){ 14 unsigned char i,j,temp1, temp2; 15 unsigned char row,k,l,keyvalue = 0x10; 16 TMOD = 0x01 ; 17 TH0 = 0xCA; 18 TL0 = 0x0B; 19 TR0 = 0 ; 20 TF0 = 0 ; 21 while ( 1 ) { 22 P2 = 0xF0; 23 if( P2 != 0xF0 ){ 24 TMOD = 0x01 ; 25 TH0 = 0xCA; 26 TL0 = 0x0B; 27 TF0 = 0 ; 28 TR0 = 1 ; 29 while ( TF0 == 0 ); 30 TF0 = 0 ; 31 TR0 = 0 ; //延迟 15ms 左右,关闭定时器 32 if( P2!= 0xF0 ) 33 { 34 k = 0xFE; 35 row = 0; 36 for ( l = 0 ; l < 4 ; l++ ) 37 { 38 P2 = k ; 39 if( ( P2 & 0xF0 ) == 0xE0 ) { 40 keyvalue = row * 4 + 0 ; 41 }else if ( (P2&0xF0) == 0xD0 ) { 42 keyvalue = row * 4 + 1 ; 43 }else if ( (P2&0xF0) == 0xB0 ) { 44 keyvalue = row * 4 + 2 ; 45 }else if ( (P2&0xF0) == 0x70 ) { 46 keyvalue = row * 4 + 3 ; 47 }else { 48 row ++ ; 49 k = _crol_( k ,1 ) ; 50 keyvalue = 16; 51 } 52 buf1[ 0 ] = keyvalue ; 53 if( keyvalue != 16 ) 54 { 55 P2 = 0xF0; 56 while(P2!=0xf0); 57 break; 58 } 59 } 60 61 } 62 } 63 srclk = 0 ; 64 rclk = 0 ; 65 for ( i = 0 ; i < 6; i++ ) { 66 buf2[i] = table[buf1[i]]; 67 temp1 = buf2[i]; 68 for( j = 0 ; j < 8 ; j++ ){ 69 srclk = 0; 70 temp2 = ( temp1 & 0x80 ); 71 if( temp2 ) { 72 ser = 1 ; 73 }else { 74 ser = 0 ; 75 } 76 srclk = 1 ; 77 _nop_(); 78 temp1 <<= 1 ; 79 srclk = 0 ; 80 81 } 82 } 83 rclk = 1 ; 84 } 85 return ; 86 }
1 #include <reg51.h> 2 #include <intrins.h> 3 unsigned char buf1[6] = { 16,16,16,16,16,16 }; 4 unsigned char buf2[6]; 5 unsigned char code table[] = { 0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F, 6 0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07, 7 0x7F,0x6F,0x77,0x7C, 8 0x39,0x5E,0x79,0x71, 9 0x00 }; 10 sbit ser = P1 ^ 0 ; 11 sbit srclk = P1 ^ 1 ; 12 sbit rclk = P1 ^ 2; 13 void main( void ){ 14 unsigned char i,j,temp1, temp2, temp ; 15 unsigned char row,k,l,keyvalue = 0x10; 16 TMOD = 0x01 ; 17 TH0 = 0xCA; 18 TL0 = 0x0B; 19 TR0 = 0 ; 20 TF0 = 0 ; 21 while ( 1 ) 22 23 { 24 P2 = 0xF0; 25 i=P2; 26 if( i != 0xF0 ){ 27 TMOD = 0x01 ; 28 TH0 = 0xCA; 29 TL0 = 0x0B; 30 TF0 = 0 ; 31 TR0 = 1 ; 32 while ( TF0 == 0 ); 33 TF0 = 0 ; 34 TR0 = 0 ; //延迟 15ms 左右,关闭定时器 35 36 if( P2!= 0xF0 ) 37 { 38 temp1 = P2 ; 39 _nop_(); 40 _nop_(); 41 //_nop_(); 42 P2 = 0x0F; 43 temp2 = P2 ; 44 45 temp = ( temp1 | temp2 ); 46 47 switch ( temp ) { 48 case 0xEE : keyvalue = 0 ; break ; 49 case 0xDE : keyvalue = 1 ; break ; 50 case 0xBE : keyvalue = 2 ; break ; 51 case 0x7E : keyvalue = 3 ; break ; 52 53 case 0xED : keyvalue = 4 ; break ; 54 case 0xDD : keyvalue = 5 ; break ; 55 case 0xBD : keyvalue = 6 ; break ; 56 case 0x7D : keyvalue = 7 ; break ; 57 58 case 0xEB : keyvalue = 8 ; break ; 59 case 0xDB : keyvalue = 9 ; break ; 60 case 0xBB : keyvalue = 10; break ; 61 case 0x7B : keyvalue = 11; break ; 62 63 case 0xE7 : keyvalue = 12; break ; 64 case 0xD7 : keyvalue = 13; break ; 65 case 0xB7 : keyvalue = 14; break ; 66 case 0x77 : keyvalue = 15; break ; 67 default : keyvalue = 16 ; 68 } 69 buf1[0] = keyvalue; 70 P2 = 0xF0; 71 while ( P2 != 0xF0 ) ; 72 } 73 74 } 75 srclk = 0 ; 76 rclk = 0 ; 77 for ( i = 0 ; i < 6; i++ ) { 78 buf2[i] = table[buf1[i]]; 79 temp1 = buf2[i]; 80 for( j = 0 ; j < 8 ; j++ ){ 81 srclk = 0; 82 temp2 = ( temp1 & 0x80 ); 83 if( temp2 ) { 84 ser = 1 ; 85 }else { 86 ser = 0 ; 87 } 88 srclk = 1 ; 89 _nop_(); 90 temp1 <<= 1 ; 91 srclk = 0 ; 92 93 } 94 } 95 rclk = 1 ; 96 } 97 return ; 98 }