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  • Android编译系统分析三:make完整编译android系统

    copy from : https://blog.csdn.net/u011913612/article/details/52434411

    Android编译系统分析系列文章:

    android编译系统分析一<source build/envsetup.sh与lunch>
    Android编译系统<二>-mm编译单个模块
    android编译系统分析(三)-make
    android编译系统(四)-实战:新增一个产品
    Android编译系统分析(五)-system.img的生成过程

    这篇博客的目标是摸清楚默认编译整个android系统时代码的流程。

    当我们执行make的时候,会查找当前的Makefie文件或者makefile文件并且执行,在android顶级源码目录下面,确实有个Makefile,它之后一行内容:

    ### DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE ###
    include build/core/main.mk
    ### DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE ###
    因此,正真执行的是build/core/main.mk
    一.依赖浅析
    当我们执行make命令的时候,如果没有传入一个目标,那么就会执行默认的目标。注意,我们在编译android系统的时候,只需要执行make就可以了,那么很显然它会执行默认的目标了,那么默认的目标是什么呢?

    在build/core/main.mk中:

    # This is the default target. It must be the first declared target.
    .PHONY: droid
    DEFAULT_GOAL := droid
    $(DEFAULT_GOAL):
    在main.mk开始不久,就出现了一个伪目标,即便你看不懂Makefile也没有关系,注释上说的很清楚了,他就是默认的目标了。而且这个默认的目标是一个伪目标。make工具遇到伪目标以后,会检查解析伪目标的依赖,如果伪目标存在依赖,就会检查这些依赖,如果这些依赖是伪目标,继续检查这个伪目标的依赖,如果不是伪目标,就会生成这个目标。

    阅读一个Makefile,理清目标的依赖关系很重,下图列出了部分重要的以来关系:

    在对依赖关系有个了解之后,我们开始顺着make的加载流程,看看它到底做了什么。

    首先,我觉得很重要的就是加载特定产品的配置信息。

    二.配置产品信息
    首先,大致的流程如下图所示:

    在product_config.mk中:

    ifneq ($(strip $(TARGET_BUILD_APPS)),)
    # An unbundled app build needs only the core product makefiles.
    all_product_configs := $(call get-product-makefiles,
    $(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/product/AndroidProducts.mk)
    else
    # Read in all of the product definitions specified by the AndroidProducts.mk
    # files in the tree.
    all_product_configs := $(get-all-product-makefiles)
    endif
    1.AndoridProducts.mk 使用get-all-product-makefiles获取所有的AndoridProducts.mk文件:
    define get-all-product-makefiles
    $(call get-product-makefiles,$(_find-android-products-files))
    endef
    调用_find-android-products-files获取所有的AndroidProducts.mk,然后交由get-product-makefiles函数处理。
    define _find-android-products-files
    $(shell test -d device && find device -maxdepth 6 -name AndroidProducts.mk)
    $(shell test -d vendor && find vendor -maxdepth 6 -name AndroidProducts.mk)
    $(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/product/AndroidProducts.mk
    endef
    define get-product-makefiles
    $(sort
    $(foreach f,$(1),
    $(eval PRODUCT_MAKEFILES :=)
    $(eval LOCAL_DIR := $(patsubst %/,%,$(dir $(f))))
    $(eval include $(f))
    $(PRODUCT_MAKEFILES)
    )
    $(eval PRODUCT_MAKEFILES :=)
    $(eval LOCAL_DIR :=)
    )
    endef
    可以看到最终处理的结果是加载了AndroidProducts.mk, 返回了一个排好顺序的PRODUCT_MAKEFILES。
    这里把所有的AndroidProducts.mk都加载进来了,但是我们只需要我们产品的配置信息呀,所以接着做一个查找,找到属于我们产品的AndroidProducts.mk:

    # Find the product config makefile for the current product.
    # all_product_configs consists items like:
    # <product_name>:<path_to_the_product_makefile>
    # or just <path_to_the_product_makefile> in case the product name is the
    # same as the base filename of the product config makefile.
    current_product_makefile :=
    all_product_makefiles :=
    $(foreach f, $(all_product_configs),
    $(eval _cpm_words := $(subst :,$(space),$(f)))
    $(eval _cpm_word1 := $(word 1,$(_cpm_words)))
    $(eval _cpm_word2 := $(word 2,$(_cpm_words)))
    $(if $(_cpm_word2),
    $(eval all_product_makefiles += $(_cpm_word2))
    $(if $(filter $(TARGET_PRODUCT),$(_cpm_word1)),
    $(eval current_product_makefile += $(_cpm_word2)),),
    $(eval all_product_makefiles += $(f))
    $(if $(filter $(TARGET_PRODUCT),$(basename $(notdir $(f)))),
    $(eval current_product_makefile += $(f)),)))
    _cpm_words :=
    _cpm_word1 :=
    _cpm_word2 :=
    current_product_makefile := $(strip $(current_product_makefile))
    all_product_makefiles := $(strip $(all_product_makefiles))
    2.current_product_makefile
    最终找到的结果存储在current_product_makefile中。关于它的值,这里举例说明:
    加入我们在lunch的时候选择了 5:

    1. aosp_arm-eng
    2. aosp_arm64-eng
    3. aosp_mips-eng
    4. aosp_mips64-eng
    5. aosp_x86-eng
    6. aosp_x86_64-eng
    那么经过以上查找current_product_makefile就等于device/generic/x86/mini_x86.mk
    3.加载产品配置文件
    ifneq (,$(filter product-graph dump-products, $(MAKECMDGOALS)))
    # Import all product makefiles.
    $(call import-products, $(all_product_makefiles))
    else
    # Import just the current product.
    ifndef current_product_makefile
    $(error Can not locate config makefile for product "$(TARGET_PRODUCT)")
    endif
    ifneq (1,$(words $(current_product_makefile)))
    $(error Product "$(TARGET_PRODUCT)" ambiguous: matches $(current_product_makefile))
    endif
    $(call import-products, $(current_product_makefile))
    endif # Import all or just the current product makefile

    # Sanity check
    $(check-all-products)
    在import-products中导入产品的配置信息,这里就是device/generic/x86/mini_x86.mk。

    4然后获取TARGET_DEVICE的值:
    # Find the device that this product maps to.
    TARGET_DEVICE := $(PRODUCTS.$(INTERNAL_PRODUCT).PRODUCT_DEVICE)
    此时,TARGET_DEVICE = mini_x86.mk;
    5获取要拷贝的文件
    # A list of words like <source path>:<destination path>[:<owner>].
    # The file at the source path should be copied to the destination path
    # when building this product. <destination path> is relative to
    # $(PRODUCT_OUT), so it should look like, e.g., "system/etc/file.xml".
    # The rules for these copy steps are defined in build/core/Makefile.
    # The optional :<owner> is used to indicate the owner of a vendor file.
    PRODUCT_COPY_FILES :=
    $(strip $(PRODUCTS.$(INTERNAL_PRODUCT).PRODUCT_COPY_FILES))

    这个变量也很重要,它存储了需要拷贝的文件。格式为 <source path>:<destination path>,在build/core/Makefile一开始就会先拷贝这个变量指定的文件。
    6.加载BoardConfig.mk
    又回到envsetup.mk中:

    # Boards may be defined under $(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/board/$(TARGET_DEVICE)
    # or under vendor/*/$(TARGET_DEVICE). Search in both places, but
    # make sure only one exists.
    # Real boards should always be associated with an OEM vendor.
    board_config_mk :=
    $(strip $(wildcard
    $(SRC_TARGET_DIR)/board/$(TARGET_DEVICE)/BoardConfig.mk
    $(shell test -d device && find device -maxdepth 4 -path '*/$(TARGET_DEVICE)/BoardConfig.mk')
    $(shell test -d vendor && find vendor -maxdepth 4 -path '*/$(TARGET_DEVICE)/BoardConfig.mk')
    ))
    ifeq ($(board_config_mk),)
    $(error No config file found for TARGET_DEVICE $(TARGET_DEVICE))
    endif
    ifneq ($(words $(board_config_mk)),1)
    $(error Multiple board config files for TARGET_DEVICE $(TARGET_DEVICE): $(board_config_mk))
    endif
    include $(board_config_mk)
    ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),)
    $(error TARGET_ARCH not defined by board config: $(board_config_mk))
    endif

    BoardConfig.mk中配置了重要的板级信息,比如cpu架构等。
    至此,配置一个产品所需的AndroidProducts.mk,具体产品的配置文件,比如这里的mini_x86.mk以及BoardConfig.mk都加载进来了。

    三.加载所有模块
    加载完单板信息,make又回到main.mk中,不就就发现了ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE变量的判断:

    1ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE
    ifneq ($(ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE),)
    # We've probably been invoked by the "mm" shell function
    # with a subdirectory's makefile.
    include $(ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE)
    # Change CUSTOM_MODULES to include only modules that were
    # defined by this makefile; this will install all of those
    # modules as a side-effect. Do this after including ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE
    # so that the modules will be installed in the same place they
    # would have been with a normal make.
    CUSTOM_MODULES := $(sort $(call get-tagged-modules,$(ALL_MODULE_TAGS)))
    FULL_BUILD :=
    # Stub out the notice targets, which probably aren't defined
    # when using ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE.
    NOTICE-HOST-%: ;
    NOTICE-TARGET-%: ;

    # A helper goal printing out install paths
    .PHONY: GET-INSTALL-PATH
    GET-INSTALL-PATH:
    @$(foreach m, $(ALL_MODULES), $(if $(ALL_MODULES.$(m).INSTALLED),
    echo 'INSTALL-PATH: $(m) $(ALL_MODULES.$(m).INSTALLED)';))

    else # ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE

    ifneq ($(dont_bother),true)
    #
    # Include all of the makefiles in the system
    #

    # Can't use first-makefiles-under here because
    # --mindepth=2 makes the prunes not work.
    subdir_makefiles :=
    $(shell build/tools/findleaves.py --prune=$(OUT_DIR) --prune=.repo --prune=.git $(subdirs) Android.mk)

    $(foreach mk, $(subdir_makefiles), $(info including $(mk) ...)$(eval include $(mk)))

    endif # dont_bother

    endif # ONE_SHOT_MAKEFILE
    如果这个变量定义了,那么,就是编译一个模块,在上一篇博客中已将分析过了,如果没有定义,就说明是编译整个系统。
    MAKECMDGOALS是make的一个环境变量,当我们执行make的时候并没有设置它,因此它为空。所以dont_bother不等于true,因此,就会加载所有的Android.mk.这里使用
    一个python脚本查找系统中所有的Android.mk,然后Include进来。
    四 收集所有要安装的模块
    在main.mk中继续往下看:
    3.1FULL_BUILD
    ifdef FULL_BUILD
    # The base list of modules to build for this product is specified
    # by the appropriate product definition file, which was included
    # by product_config.mk.
    product_MODULES := $(PRODUCTS.$(INTERNAL_PRODUCT).PRODUCT_PACKAGES)
    # Filter out the overridden packages before doing expansion
    product_MODULES := $(filter-out $(foreach p, $(product_MODULES),
    $(PACKAGES.$(p).OVERRIDES)), $(product_MODULES))

    # Resolve the :32 :64 module name
    modules_32 := $(patsubst %:32,%,$(filter %:32, $(product_MODULES)))
    modules_64 := $(patsubst %:64,%,$(filter %:64, $(product_MODULES)))
    modules_rest := $(filter-out %:32 %:64,$(product_MODULES))
    # Note for 32-bit product, $(modules_32) and $(modules_64) will be
    # added as their original module names.
    product_MODULES := $(call get-32-bit-modules-if-we-can, $(modules_32))
    product_MODULES += $(modules_64)
    # For the rest we add both
    product_MODULES += $(call get-32-bit-modules, $(modules_rest))
    product_MODULES += $(modules_rest)

    $(call expand-required-modules,product_MODULES,$(product_MODULES))

    product_FILES := $(call module-installed-files, $(product_MODULES))
    ifeq (0,1)
    $(info product_FILES for $(TARGET_DEVICE) ($(INTERNAL_PRODUCT)):)
    $(foreach p,$(product_FILES),$(info : $(p)))
    $(error done)
    endif
    else
    # We're not doing a full build, and are probably only including
    # a subset of the module makefiles. Don't try to build any modules
    # requested by the product, because we probably won't have rules
    # to build them.
    product_FILES :=
    endif
    在执行make的时候,FULL_BUILD:=true
    product_MODULES是所有产品配置文件中添加的要打包进系统镜像中的模块,它只是一个名字,比如上篇博客分析过的screencap。
    product_FILES获取对应模块的.INSTALLED的值。
    define module-installed-files
    $(foreach module,$(1),$(ALL_MODULES.$(module).INSTALLED))
    endef
    在加载单个模块的时候,会给每一个模块生成另外两个值:
    $(ALL_MODULES.$(target)).BUILT
    $(ALL_MODULES.$(target)).INSTALLED
    它们在base_rule.mk中生成:
    ALL_MODULES.$(my_register_name).BUILT :=
    $(ALL_MODULES.$(my_register_name).BUILT) $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE)
    ifneq (true,$(LOCAL_UNINSTALLABLE_MODULE))
    ALL_MODULES.$(my_register_name).INSTALLED :=
    $(strip $(ALL_MODULES.$(my_register_name).INSTALLED) $(LOCAL_INSTALLED_MODULE))
    ALL_MODULES.$(my_register_name).BUILT_INSTALLED :=
    $(strip $(ALL_MODULES.$(my_register_name).BUILT_INSTALLED) $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE):$(LOCAL_INSTALLED_MODULE))
    endif

    $(ALL_MODULES.$(target)).BUILT代表的一般是out/target/product/xxx/obj下编译生成的模块。
    $(ALL_MODULES.$(target)).INSTALLED代表的是out/target/product/xxx/system下生成的模块。
    3.2 全部安装模块
    modules_to_install := $(sort
    $(ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES)
    $(product_FILES)
    $(foreach tag,$(tags_to_install),$($(tag)_MODULES))
    $(CUSTOM_MODULES)
    )

    ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES是系统默认要安装的模块,product_FILES是特定产品附加的要安装的模块,foreach找到的是特定
    TAG的模块,以及加上CUSTOM_MODULES,这样modules_to_install就是全部的要安装的模块了。
    ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES := $(modules_to_install)
    include $(BUILD_SYSTEM)/Makefile

    然后把modules_to_install的值全部赋给ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES,接着加载build/core/Makefile。这个Makefile会使用
    ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES变量最终生成所有的镜像文件。生成镜像文件的过程放在下一节讨论。


    四.编译所有模块
    依赖关系我们在一开始就做了简单的梳理,现在开始分析编译所有模块的依赖关系。

    从droid目标定义的地方来看,没有看到它的依赖,但我们向下搜索,就会发现:

    .PHONY: apps_only
    apps_only: $(unbundled_build_modules)

    droid: apps_only
    # Building a full system-- the default is to build droidcore
    droid: droidcore dist_files

    我们会发现它有出现了两个依赖,那它到底依赖哪一个呢?

    droid依赖哪一个取决于ifneq ($(TARGET_BUILD_APPS),)是否成立,也就是有没有给TARGET_BUILD_APPS赋值过,源码如下:

    ifneq ($(TARGET_BUILD_APPS),)
    # If this build is just for apps, only build apps and not the full system by default.

    unbundled_build_modules :=
    ifneq ($(filter all,$(TARGET_BUILD_APPS)),)
    # If they used the magic goal "all" then build all apps in the source tree.
    unbundled_build_modules := $(foreach m,$(sort $(ALL_MODULES)),$(if $(filter APPS,$(ALL_MODULES.$(m).CLASS)),$(m)))
    else
    unbundled_build_modules := $(TARGET_BUILD_APPS)
    endif

    ...

    .PHONY: apps_only
    apps_only: $(unbundled_build_modules)

    droid: apps_only

    else # TARGET_BUILD_APPS
    $(call dist-for-goals, droidcore,
    $(INTERNAL_UPDATE_PACKAGE_TARGET)
    $(INTERNAL_OTA_PACKAGE_TARGET)
    $(BUILT_OTATOOLS_PACKAGE)
    $(SYMBOLS_ZIP)
    $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE)
    $(INSTALLED_BUILD_PROP_TARGET)
    $(BUILT_TARGET_FILES_PACKAGE)
    $(INSTALLED_ANDROID_INFO_TXT_TARGET)
    $(INSTALLED_RAMDISK_TARGET)
    )
    # Building a full system-- the default is to build droidcore
    droid: droidcore dist_files

    endif # TARGET_BUILD_APPS

    我们期望的是整个系统的编译,所以,droid依赖的是droidcore 和 dist_files
    4.1droidcore的定义:
    # Build files and then package it into the rom formats
    .PHONY: droidcore
    droidcore: files
    systemimage
    $(INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET)
    $(INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET)
    $(INSTALLED_USERDATAIMAGE_TARGET)
    $(INSTALLED_CACHEIMAGE_TARGET)
    $(INSTALLED_VENDORIMAGE_TARGET)
    $(INSTALLED_FILES_FILE)

    可以droidcore又是一个伪目标,它又依赖于files 等一系列目标,从名字来看,这些目标应该是systemimage,userdataimage,recoryimage等,也就是说,droidcore的最终目的就是生成system.img,userdata.img等系统镜像文件。

    看到变量的定义就明白了:

    1.boot.img:

    INSTALLED_BOOTIMAGE_TARGET := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/boot.img

    2.recovery.img:

    INSTALLED_RECOVERYIMAGE_TARGET := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/recovery.img

    3.userdata.img:

    INSTALLED_USERDATAIMAGE_TARGET := $(BUILT_USERDATAIMAGE_TARGET)

      --->BUILT_USERDATAIMAGE_TARGET := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/userdata.img

    4.cache.img

    INSTALLED_CACHEIMAGE_TARGET := $(BUILT_CACHEIMAGE_TARGET)

     --->BUILT_CACHEIMAGE_TARGET := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/cache.img

    5.vendor.img

    INSTALLED_VENDORIMAGE_TARGET := $(BUILT_VENDORIMAGE_TARGET)

    BUILT_VENDORIMAGE_TARGET := $(PRODUCT_OUT)/vendor.img

    因此,droidcore的最终目的就是生成这些.Img文件。

    dist_files的定义:

    # dist_files only for putting your library into the dist directory with a full build.
    .PHONY: dist_files
    从定义来看,dist_files也是个伪目标,并且它没有任何依赖,作用是完整编译系统的时候拷贝库文件。


    4.2.files
    它的第一个目标是files:

    # All the droid stuff, in directories
    .PHONY: files
    files: prebuilt
    $(modules_to_install)
    $(INSTALLED_ANDROID_INFO_TXT_TARGET)、
    1.1files又依赖了三个目标,第一个是prebuilt:

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------
    # This is used to to get the ordering right, you can also use these,
    # but they're considered undocumented, so don't complain if their
    # behavior changes.
    .PHONY: prebuilt
    prebuilt: $(ALL_PREBUILT)

    prebuilt又是一个伪目标,它又依赖于ALL_PREBUILT变量指向的目标,ALL_PREBUILT是一些预编译模块:

    Android.mk (makefileframeworksasecmdsmgr):ALL_PREBUILT += $(TARGET_OUT)/bin/bmgr
    Android.mk (makefileframeworksasecmdsime):ALL_PREBUILT += $(TARGET_OUT)/bin/ime
    Android.mk (makefileframeworksasecmdsinput):ALL_PREBUILT += $(TARGET_OUT)/bin/input
    Android.mk (makefileframeworksasecmdspm):ALL_PREBUILT += $(TARGET_OUT)/bin/pm
    Android.mk (makefileframeworksasecmdssvc):ALL_PREBUILT += $(TARGET_OUT)/bin/svc


    4.3modules_to_install 
    modules_to_install := $(sort
        $(ALL_DEFAULT_INSTALLED_MODULES)
        $(product_FILES)
        $(foreach tag,$(tags_to_install),$($(tag)_MODULES))
        $(CUSTOM_MODULES)
      )

    这个变量之前已经分析过,它包含所有的要安装的模块,make会为这个目标生成依赖关系链,也就是会给其中的每一个模块生成依赖关系链,然后编译每一个模块,这个过程在上一节中已经说过了。
    至此,所有应该编译的模块都已经被编译,剩下的就是打包镜像文件了。这将在下一节讨论。
    ————————————————
    版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「阳光玻璃杯」的原创文章,遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。
    原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u011913612/article/details/52434411

    Always Believe Something Beauitful Will Be Happen
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Oude/p/12553545.html
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