[51nod1237]最大公约数之和V3

  $\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}gcd(i,j)\\$

$=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{i=1}^{n/d}\sum_{j=1}^{n/d}\varepsilon(gcd(i,j))$

$=\sum_{d=1}^{n}d\sum_{g=1}^{n/d}\mu(g)\cdot (n/d/t)^{2}$

$=\sum_{T=1}^{n}(n/T)^{2}\sum_{d|T}\mu(T/d)\cdot d$

$=\sum_{T=1}^{n}(n/T)^2\cdot \varphi(T)$

对其数论分块，即求一段区间内$\varphi$的和，可以用杜教筛来做

设$f(i)=\sum_{j=1}^{i}\varphi(j)$，根据$\varphi*I=id$，即$f(n)=(n+1)n/2-\sum_{i=2}^{n}f(n/i)$

#include<bits/stdc++.h> 
#include<tr1/unordered_map>
using namespace std;
#define ll long long
#define mod 1000000007
#define N 5000005
tr1::unordered_map<ll,ll>mat;
ll n,ans,cp[N],vis[N],p[N];
ll djs(ll n){
    if (n<=N-5)return cp[n];
    if (mat[n])return mat[n];
    ll ans=n%mod*((n+1)%mod)%mod*(mod/2+1)%mod;
    for(ll i=2,j;i<=n;i=j+1){
        j=n/(n/i);
        ans=(ans-(j-i+1)%mod*djs(n/i)%mod+mod)%mod;
    }
    return mat[n]=ans;
}
int main(){
    scanf("%lld",&n);
    cp[1]=1;
    for(int i=2;i<=N-5;i++){
        if (!vis[i])cp[p[++p[0]]=i]=i-1;
        for(int j=1;j<=p[0];j++){
            if (i*p[j]>N-5)break;
            vis[i*p[j]]=1;
            if (i%p[j])cp[i*p[j]]=cp[i]*(p[j]-1);
            else{
                cp[i*p[j]]=cp[i]*p[j];
                break;
            }
        }
    }
    for(int i=2;i<=N-5;i++)cp[i]=(cp[i]+cp[i-1])%mod;
    for(ll i=1,j;i<=n;i=j+1){
        j=n/(n/i);
        ans=(ans+(djs(j)-djs(i-1)+mod)%mod*(n/i%mod)%mod*(n/i%mod))%mod;
    }
    printf("%lld",ans);
}