zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • Django HttpResponse与JsonResponse

    本文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/mr_hui_/article/details/86498509
     
    我们编写一些接口函数的时候,经常需要给调用者返回json格式的数据,那么如何返回可直接解析的json格式的数据呢?

    首先先来第一种方式:

    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
    import json
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    def index(request):
    data={
    'name':'zhangsan',
    'age':18,
    }
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data))

    访问一下

    text/html

    通过访问结果我们看到,在response的返回信息中,返回的Content-Type:是text/html,也就是字符串类型的返回,所以这段返回值并不是一个标准的json数据,是一个长得像json数据的字符串,当然可以通过工具直接转换为json,不过既然是一个json的接口,那么我们抛出的数据自然是json格式的最好,那如何抛出标准json格式的数据呢?

    稍稍修改一丢丢代码,在HttpResponse中添加content_type类型为json的属性

    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
    import json
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    def index(request):
    data={
    'name':'zhangsan',
    'age':18,
    }
    return HttpResponse(json.dumps(data),content_type="application/json")

    application/json

    诺,这下返回的类型正常了

    不过这里还是要提另外一个模块JsonResponse,他内置的帮我们封装了这个转换的操作,也就是说如果我们的接口抛json数据的话那么将HttpResponse替换为JsonResponse就OK啦

    看一下JsonResponse的源代码,其实也很简单了,强制的帮你做了一下转换,同时也支持了list的输出

    class JsonResponse(HttpResponse):
    def __init__(self, data, encoder=DjangoJSONEncoder, safe=True,
    json_dumps_params=None, **kwargs):
    if safe and not isinstance(data, dict):
    raise TypeError(
    'In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the '
    'safe parameter to False.'
    )
    if json_dumps_params is None:
    json_dumps_params = {}
    kwargs.setdefault('content_type', 'application/json')
    data = json.dumps(data, cls=encoder, **json_dumps_params)
    super(JsonResponse, self).__init__(content=data, **kwargs)


    下边我们来尝试使用JsonResponse输出一下dict和list

    首先是dict

    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    def index(request):
    data={
    'name':'zhangsan',
    'age':18,
    }
    return JsonResponse(data)

    JsonResponse_dict

    下面看下list

    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    def index(request):
    
    listdata=[1,2,3,4,5]
    return JsonResponse(listdata)

    代码改完后,访问看输出,结果发现报错啦..为嘛?


    TypeError at /mytest/hello/
    In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the safe parameter to False.
    Request Method: GET
    Request URL: http://10.89.0.5:8000/mytest/hello/
    Django Version: 1.11.13
    Exception Type: TypeError
    Exception Value:
    In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the safe parameter to False.
    Exception Location: /data/python36env/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/http/response.py in __init__, line 524
    Python Executable: /data/python36env/bin/python
    Python Version: 3.6.4
    Python Path:
    ['/vagrant/reboot_dj',
    '/data/python36env/lib/python36.zip',
    '/data/python36env/lib/python3.6',
    '/data/python36env/lib/python3.6/lib-dynload',
    '/usr/local/python36/lib/python3.6',
    '/data/python36env/lib/python3.6/site-packages']
    Server time: Mon, 4 Jun 2018 11:53:32 +0000


    看这行的提示:In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the safe parameter to False.
    然后再看看JsonResponse的源代码

    if safe and not isinstance(data, dict):
    raise TypeError(
    'In order to allow non-dict objects to be serialized set the '
    'safe parameter to False.'
    )


    是不是发现了什么?
    嗯对,JsonResponse在抛出列表的时候需要将safe设置为False safe=False

    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.http import HttpResponse,JsonResponse
    
    # Create your views here.
    
    def index(request):
    
    listdata=[1,2,3,4,5]
    return JsonResponse(listdata,safe=False)


    修改完成后,再次访问

  • 相关阅读:
    [转]ExtJS之遍历Store
    [转]Ext ComboBox 默认选中某一项
    [转]extjs render 用法介绍
    [转]Extjs combo数据绑定与获取
    [转]ExtJs:xtype的含义
    java 使用POI批量导入excel数据
    面临读研,找工作杂感
    二维“有序”数组查找问题的解决
    操作系统——进程调度之短进程优先
    阶乘相关问题
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Ph-one/p/11847098.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看