DataX
DataX 是阿里巴巴集团内被广泛使用的离线数据同步工具/平台，实现包括 MySQL、SQL Server、Oracle、PostgreSQL、HDFS、Hive、HBase、OTS、ODPS 等各种异构数据源之间高效的数据同步功能。
Features
DataX本身作为数据同步框架，将不同数据源的同步抽象为从源头数据源读取数据的Reader插件，以及向目标端写入数据的Writer插件，理论上DataX框架可以支持任意数据源类型的数据同步工作。同时DataX插件体系作为一套生态系统, 每接入一套新数据源该新加入的数据源即可实现和现有的数据源互通。
System Requirements
Linux JDK(1.8以上，推荐1.8) Python(推荐Python2.6.X) Apache Maven 3.X(Compile DataX)
Quick Start
工具部署
方法一、直接下DataX工具包:DataX下载地址，下载后解压至本地某个目录，进入bin目录，即可运行同步作业
$ cd {YOUR_DATAX_HOME}/bin
$ python datax.py {YOUR_JOB.json}
方法二、下载DataX源码，自己编译：DataX源码
①.安装JDK
tar xvf jdk-8u151-linux-x64.tar.gz mv jdk1.8.0_151 vim /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_151 export JAVA_BIN=$JAVA_HOME/bin export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_BIN export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar source /etc/profile.d/jdk.sh
检测安装是否成功
[root@oracle ~]# java -version java version "1.8.0_151" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_151-b12) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.151-b12, mixed mode)
②.查看Python版本，如果不满足则需要自行安装
[root@oracle ~]# python -V Python 2.6.6
③.安装Maven
开始安装配置
tar xvf apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar.gz mv apache-maven-3.6.1-bin.tar ../maven vim /etc/profile M2_HOME=/usr/local/maven export PATH=${M2_HOME}/bin:/u01/mysql/bin:${PATH}
验证Maven是否安装成功
[root@oracle src]# mvn -v Apache Maven 3.6.1 (bb52d8502b132ec0a5a3f4c09453c07478323dc5; 2015-11-11T00:41:47+08:00) Maven home: /usr/local/maven Java version: 1.8.0_151, vendor: Oracle Corporation Java home: /usr/local/jdk1.8.0_151/jre Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8 OS name: "linux", version: "3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64", arch: "amd64", family: "unix"
系统需求已配置完成，开始源码安装DataX，下载方法二选其一
下载地址：https://github.com/alibaba/DataX git clone git@github.com:alibaba/DataX.git
开始源码安装
unzip DataX-master.zip mv DataX-master ../ cd ../DataX-master mvn -U clean package assembly:assembly -Dmaven.test.skip=true
该过程非常非常的漫长，需要等待，打包成功，最终显示如下
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------- [INFO] Total time: 08:12 min [INFO] Finished at: 2015-12-13T16:26:48+08:00 [INFO] Final Memory: 133M/960M [INFO] -----------------------------------------------------------------
打包成功后的DataX包位于{DataX_source_code_home}/target/datax/datax/，结构如下：
cd /usr/local/Datax-master [root@oracle DataX-master]# ls -a ./target/datax/datax/ . .. bin conf job lib log log_perf plugin script tmp
配置示例：从stream读取数据并打印到控制台，
第一步。创建创业的配置文件(json格式)，可以通过命令查看配置模板：python datax.py -r {YOUR_READER} -w {YOUR_WRITER}
cd /usr/local/DataX-master/target/datax/datax/bin ./datax.py -r streamreader -w streamwriter DataX (DATAX-OPENSOURCE-3.0), From Alibaba ! Copyright (C) 2010-2017, Alibaba Group. All Rights Reserved. Please refer to the streamreader document: https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/streamreader/doc/streamreader.md Please refer to the streamwriter document: https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/streamwriter/doc/streamwriter.md Please save the following configuration as a json file and use python {DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py {JSON_FILE_NAME}.json to run the job. { "job": { "content": [ { "reader": { "name": "streamreader", "parameter": { "column": [], "sliceRecordCount": "" } }, "writer": { "name": "streamwriter", "parameter": { "encoding": "", "print": true } } } ], "setting": { "speed": { "channel": "" } } } }
根据模板配置自己所需的json，具体如下
{ "job": { "content": [ { "reader": { "name": "oraclereader", "parameter": { "column": ["zybh","xmbh","jsbh","xmmc","sfje","fylx","bz","sjc","zllx"], "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": ["jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.11.91:1521:orcl"], "table": ["JDZLJCXM"] } ], "password": "jgzdwffz", "username": "bjxxjgxt", } }, "writer": { "name": "mysqlwriter", "parameter": { "column": ["zybh","xmbh","jsbh","xmmc","sfje","fylx","bz","sjc","zllx"], "connection": [ { "jdbcUrl": "jdbc:mysql://192.168.11.75:3336/prison_practical_platform", "table": ["JDZLJCXM"] } ], "password": "root", "username": "root", } } } ], "setting": { "speed": { "channel": "5" } } } }
第二步。启动DataX
cd /usr/local/DataX-master/target/datax/datax/bin ./datax.py ../job/oracle11mysql8.json
同步结束，相关日志如下：
DataX (DATAX-OPENSOURCE-3.0), From Alibaba ! Copyright (C) 2010-2017, Alibaba Group. All Rights Reserved. 2019-05-24 11:59:06.065 [main] INFO VMInfo - VMInfo# operatingSystem class => sun.management.OperatingSystemImpl 2019-05-24 11:59:06.075 [main] INFO Engine - the machine info => osInfo: Oracle Corporation 1.8 25.161-b12 jvmInfo: Linux amd64 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 cpu num: 1 totalPhysicalMemory: -0.00G freePhysicalMemory: -0.00G maxFileDescriptorCount: -1 currentOpenFileDescriptorCount: -1 GC Names [Copy, MarkSweepCompact] MEMORY_NAME | allocation_size | init_size Eden Space | 273.06MB | 273.06MB Code Cache | 240.00MB | 2.44MB Survivor Space | 34.13MB | 34.13MB Compressed Class Space | 1,024.00MB | 0.00MB Metaspace | -0.00MB | 0.00MB Tenured Gen | 682.69MB | 682.69MB 2019-05-24 11:59:06.093 [main] INFO Engine - { "content":[ { "reader":{ "name":"oraclereader", "parameter":{ "column":[ "zybh", "xmbh", "jsbh", "xmmc", "sfje", "fylx", "bz", "sjc", "zllx" ], "connection":[ { "jdbcUrl":[ "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.11.91:1521:orcl" ], "table":[ "JDZLJCXM" ] } ], "password":"********", "username":"bjxxjgxt" } }, "writer":{ "name":"mysqlwriter", "parameter":{ "column":[ "zybh", "xmbh", "jsbh", "xmmc", "sfje", "fylx", "bz", "sjc", "zllx" ], "connection":[ { "jdbcUrl":"jdbc:mysql://192.168.11.75:3336/prison_practical_platform", "table":[ "JDZLJCXM" ] } ], "password":"****", "username":"root" } } } ], "setting":{ "speed":{ "channel":"5" } } } 2019-05-24 11:59:06.111 [main] WARN Engine - prioriy set to 0, because NumberFormatException, the value is: null 2019-05-24 11:59:06.121 [main] INFO PerfTrace - PerfTrace traceId=job_-1, isEnable=false, priority=0 2019-05-24 11:59:06.121 [main] INFO JobContainer - DataX jobContainer starts job. 2019-05-24 11:59:06.122 [main] INFO JobContainer - Set jobId = 0 2019-05-24 11:59:06.488 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - Available jdbcUrl:jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.11.91:1521:orcl. 2019-05-24 11:59:06.605 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - table:[JDZLJCXM] has columns:[ZYBH,XMBH,JSBH,XMMC,SFJE,FYLX,BZ,SJC,ZLLX]. 2019-05-24 11:59:06.952 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - table:[JDZLJCXM] all columns:[ ZYBH,XMBH,JSBH,XMMC,SFJE,FYLX,BZ,SJC,ZLLX ]. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.768 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - Write data [ INSERT INTO %s (zybh,xmbh,jsbh,xmmc,sfje,fylx,bz,sjc,zllx) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?) ], which jdbcUrl like:[jdbc:mysql://192.168.11.75:3336/prison_practical_platform?yearIsDateType=false&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&tinyInt1isBit=false&rewriteBatchedStatements=true] 2019-05-24 09:48:44.768 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - jobContainer starts to do prepare ... 2019-05-24 09:48:44.769 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Reader.Job [oraclereader] do prepare work . 2019-05-24 09:48:44.769 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Writer.Job [mysqlwriter] do prepare work . 2019-05-24 09:48:44.769 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - jobContainer starts to do split ... 2019-05-24 09:48:44.769 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - Job set Channel-Number to 5 channels. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.772 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Reader.Job [oraclereader] splits to [1] tasks. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.772 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Writer.Job [mysqlwriter] splits to [1] tasks. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.820 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - jobContainer starts to do schedule ... 2019-05-24 09:48:44.830 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - Scheduler starts [1] taskGroups. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.832 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - Running by standalone Mode. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.866 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroupId=[0] start [1] channels for [1] tasks. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.876 [taskGroup-0] INFO Channel - Channel set byte_speed_limit to -1, No bps activated. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.877 [taskGroup-0] INFO Channel - Channel set record_speed_limit to -1, No tps activated. 2019-05-24 09:48:44.898 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroup[0] taskId[0] attemptCount[1] is started 2019-05-24 09:48:44.901 [0-0-0-reader] INFO CommonRdbmsReader$Task - Begin to read record by Sql: [select zybh,xmbh,jsbh,xmmc,sfje,fylx,bz,sjc,zllx from JDZLJCXM ] jdbcUrl:[jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.11.91:1521:orcl]. 2019-05-24 09:48:45.050 [0-0-0-reader] INFO CommonRdbmsReader$Task - Finished read record by Sql: [select zybh,xmbh,jsbh,xmmc,sfje,fylx,bz,sjc,zllx from JDZLJCXM ] jdbcUrl:[jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.11.91:1521:orcl]. 2019-05-24 09:48:46.419 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroup[0] taskId[0] is successed, used[1538]ms 2019-05-24 09:48:46.420 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroup[0] completed it's tasks. 2019-05-24 09:48:54.873 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 1554 records, 79079 bytes | Speed 7.72KB/s, 155 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.020s | All Task WaitReaderTime 0.124s | Percentage 100.00% 2019-05-24 09:48:54.874 [job-0] INFO AbstractScheduler - Scheduler accomplished all tasks. 2019-05-24 09:48:54.874 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Writer.Job [mysqlwriter] do post work. 2019-05-24 09:48:54.874 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Reader.Job [oraclereader] do post work. 2019-05-24 09:48:54.874 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX jobId [0] completed successfully. 2019-05-24 09:48:54.875 [job-0] INFO HookInvoker - No hook invoked, because base dir not exists or is a file: /usr/local/DataX-master/target/datax/datax/hook 2019-05-24 09:48:54.875 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - [total cpu info] => averageCpu | maxDeltaCpu | minDeltaCpu -1.00% | -1.00% | -1.00% [total gc info] => NAME | totalGCCount | maxDeltaGCCount | minDeltaGCCount | totalGCTime | maxDeltaGCTime | minDeltaGCTime Copy | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.000s | 0.000s | 0.000s MarkSweepCompact | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.000s | 0.000s | 0.000s 2019-05-24 09:48:54.875 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable! 2019-05-24 09:48:54.876 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 1554 records, 79079 bytes | Speed 7.72KB/s, 155 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.020s | All Task WaitReaderTime 0.124s | Percentage 100.00% 2019-05-24 09:48:54.876 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - 任务启动时刻 : 2019-05-24 09:48:43 任务结束时刻 : 2019-05-24 09:48:54 任务总计耗时 : 11s 任务平均流量 : 7.72KB/s 记录写入速度 : 155rec/s 读出记录总数 : 1554 读写失败总数 : 0
在配置过程中出现的问题，错误如下
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal on project otsstreamreader: Could not resolve dependencies for project com.alibaba.datax:otsstreamreader:jar:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT: Could not find artifact com.aliyun.openservices:tablestore-streamclient:jar:1.0.0-SNAPSHOT -> [Help 1]
该错误是由于快照版本不一致，由于ots基本不会被用到，直接把pom.xml中的<module>ots</module>去掉，也可以更改版本otsstreamreader中的默认版本为0.0.1，改为1.0.0
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) on project ocswriter: Error assembling JAR: /Users/FengZhen/Desktop/Hadoop/DataX/源码/DataX/ocswriter/pom.xml isn't a file. -> [Help 1]
将ocs注释掉，重新打包即可。
参考来源：https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/userGuid.md