大数（加法， 乘法（多位数与个位数））

加法

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<cstdio>

using namespace std;
vector<int> A, B;

vector<int> add(vector<int> &A, vector<int> &B) {
    int t = 0;
    vector<int> C;
    for (int i = 0; i < A.size() || i < B.size(); i++) {
        if (i < A.size()) t += A[i];
        if (i < B.size()) t += B[i];
        C.push_back(t % 10);
        t /= 10;
    }
    if (t) C.push_back(1);
    return C;
}

int main() {
    string a, b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    for (int i = a.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) A.push_back(a[i] - '0');
    for (int i = b.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) B.push_back(b[i] - '0');
    auto C = add(A, B);
    for (int i = C.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) printf("%d", C[i]);
    return 0;
}

乘法（多位数与个位数）

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>

using namespace std;

vector<int> A;

vector<int> mul(vector<int> &A, int b) {
    vector<int> C;
    int t = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < A.size() || t; i++) {
        if(i < A.size()) t += A[i] * b;
        C.push_back(t % 10);
        t /= 10;
    }
    return C;
}

int main() {
    string a;
    int b;
    cin >> a >> b;
    for (int i = a.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) A.push_back(a[i] - '0');
    auto C = mul(A, b);
    for (int i = C.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) printf("%d", C[i]);
    return 0;
}