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三、下拉菜单dropdown

（1）基础下拉菜单

<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>基础下拉菜单</title>
    <style>
        /*使用css正确定位下拉内容*/
        .dropdown{
            position: relative;/*12(搭配6用)、将下拉内容，放置在下拉按钮的正下方*/
            display: inline-block;/*13(搭配5用)、内联块元素*/
        }
        .dropdown-content{
            display: none;/*5(搭配2用)、默认情况下它是隐藏的*/
            position: absolute;/*6、定位*/
            box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);/*7、用box-shadow 属性，而不是边框，下拉菜单看起来像一张“卡片”*/
            background-color: #f9f9f9;/*8(搭配7用)*/
            min-width: 160px;/*9(搭配7用)、如果希望下拉内容的宽度与下拉按钮的宽度一样，将宽度设置为 100％*/
            padding: 12px 16px;/*10(搭配7用)*/
            z-index: 1;/*11(搭配6用)*/
        }
        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content{
            display: block;/*14(搭配5用)、将鼠标移到下拉按钮上时，:hover 选择器用于显示下拉菜单。*/
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="dropdown"><!--4(搭配1和2用)、用div标签包裹这些元素-->
        <span>Mouse over me</span><!--1、创建类似下拉按钮功能的span标签-->
        <div class="dropdown-content"><!--2、创建下拉内容的容器元素div标签，保存实际的下拉菜单内容-->
            <p>Hello World!</p><!--3(搭配2用)、添加任何内容-->
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

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（2）下拉式菜单_基础版

<!--在基础下拉菜单上进行二次修改得到下拉式菜单-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" name="viewport"  content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>下拉式菜单</title>
    <style>
        .dropdown{
            position: relative;
            display: inline-block;
        }
        .dropdown-content{
            display: none;
            position: absolute;  z-index: 1;
            min-width: 160px; background-color: #FDFAFA;box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }
        
        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content{
            display: block;
        }

        .dropbtn{ /*15、更改原生button的样式*/
            background-color: #008CBA; color: white; padding: 16px; font-size: 16px;border: none;cursor: pointer;
            width: 160px;/*19(搭配 min- 160px;用)*/
        }

        .dropdown-content a{/*16、更改原生标签a的样式*/
            text-decoration: none;padding: 8px 8px; color: black;
            display: block;
        }

        .dropdown-content a:hover{/*17、悬停时，更改下拉链接的背景颜色*/
            background-color: #F5F5F5;
        }

        .dropdown:hover .dropbtn{/*18、悬停时，更改下拉按钮的背景颜色*/
            background-color: cornflowerblue;
        }
        
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="dropdown">
        <button class="dropbtn">下拉菜单</button>
        <div class="dropdown-content">
            <a href="#">Link 1</a>
            <a href="#">Link 2</a>
            <a href="#">Link 3</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

View Code

（3）下拉式菜单_右对齐的下拉内容

<!--下拉式菜单上进行二次修改-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" name="viewport"  content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>下拉式菜单:右对齐的下拉内容</title>
    <style>
        .dropdown{
            position: relative;display: inline-block;
        }
        .dropdown-content{
            display: none;
            position: absolute;z-index: 1;
            min-width: 160px; background-color: #FBF9F9;box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }

        .dropdown-content.right{
            right: 0;/*19、希望下拉菜单从右到左*/
        }
        
        .dropbtn{
            background-color: #008CBA;color: white;padding: 20px;font-size: 32px;
            border: none;cursor: pointer;
        }
        .dropdown-content a{
            text-decoration: none;padding: 8px;font-size: 16px;color: black;
            display: block;
        }

        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content{
            display: block;
        }
        .dropdown:hover .dropbtn{
            background-color: cadetblue;
        }
        .dropdown-content a:hover{
            background-color: #F5F5F5;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="dropdown">
        <button class="dropbtn">Left</button>
        <div class="dropdown-content">
            <a href="#">Link 1</a>
            <a href="#">Link 2</a>
            <a href="#">Link 3</a>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="dropdown" style="float: right;"><!--21(搭配19用)-->
        <button class="dropbtn">right</button>
        <div class="dropdown-content right"><!--20(搭配19用)-->
            <a href="#">Link 1</a>
            <a href="#">Link 2</a>
            <a href="#">Link 3</a>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

View Code

（4）下拉式图像

<!--在基础下拉菜单上进行二次修改得到下拉式图像-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" name="viewport"  content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>下拉式图像</title>
    <style>
        .dropdown{
            position: relative;display: inline-block;
        }
        .dropdown-content{
            display: none;
            position: absolute;z-index: 1;
            min-width: 160px; background-color: white;padding: 10px;box-shadow: 0px  8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
            text-align: center;/*20(搭配19用)*/
        }

        .dropdown:hover .dropdown-content{
            display: block;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="dropdown">
        <img src="https://www.w3school.com.cn/i/photo/coffee-small.jpg" alt="下拉式图像">
        <div class="dropdown-content"><!--19、在下拉框中添加图像和其他内容。-->
            <img src="https://www.w3school.com.cn/i/photo/coffee.jpg" alt="Coffee">
            <p>Coffee</p>
            <div class="desc">Coffee</div>
        </div>
    </div>
</body>

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（5）下拉式导航

<!--在水平导航栏和下拉式菜单上进行二次修改，得到下拉式导航-->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8" name="viewport"  content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>下拉式导航：导航栏中的下拉菜单</title>
    <style>
        * {  box-sizing: border-box; }
        
        ul{
            list-style-type: none;margin: 0;padding: 0;
            width: 100%;background-color: #333333;
            overflow: hidden;
        }
        li a{
            text-decoration: none; padding: 15px;
            display: block;
            color: white;
        }
        li{
            float: left;
        }
        li a:hover{
            background-color: tomato;
        }
        
        div.dropdown-content{ /*4、这里选择以body作为父元素，无需对元素li.dropdown进行相对定位*/
            display: none;
            position: absolute;z-index: 1;
            background-color: #f9f9f9;min-width: 160px;box-shadow: 0px 8px 16px 0px rgba(0,0,0,0.2);
        }
        div.dropdown-content a{
            color: black;
        }
        div.dropdown-content a:hover{
            background-color: #F1F1F1;
        }
        li.dropdown:hover div.dropdown-content{
            display: block;
        }
        
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <ul class="topnav">
        <li><a href="#">Home</a></li>
        <li><a href="#">News</a></li>
        <li class="dropdown"><!--1、下拉菜单以列表项li为基础进行改造，li的class=dropdown-->
            <a href="javascript:void(0)"  class="dropbtn">Dropdown</a><!--2、a标签充当下拉按钮的功能。此处点击a不会产生js交互-->
            <div class="dropdown-content"><!--3、下拉框-->
                <a href="#">Link 1</a>
                <a href="#">Link 2</a>
                <a href="#">Link 3</a>
            </div>
        </li>
    </ul>
</body>

View Code

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/Strugglinggirl/p/15792675.html