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1.Netty入门

Netty入门

1.Netty介绍

（1）百度百科介绍：

Netty是由JBOSS提供的一个java开源框架。Netty提供异步的、事件驱动的网络应用程序框架和工具，用以快速开发高性能、高可靠性的网络服务器和客户端程序。
也就是说，Netty 是一个基于NIO的客户、服务器端编程框架，使用Netty 可以确保你快速和简单的开发出一个网络应用，例如实现了某种协议的客户、服务端应用。Netty相当于简化和流线化了网络应用的编程开发过程，例如：基于TCP和UDP的socket服务开发。
“快速”和“简单”并不用产生维护性或性能上的问题。Netty 是一个吸收了多种协议（包括FTP、SMTP、HTTP等各种二进制文本协议）的实现经验，并经过相当精心设计的项目。最终，Netty 成功的找到了一种方式，在保证易于开发的同时还保证了其应用的性能，稳定性和伸缩性。

（2）官网介绍：netty.io

Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework
for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients.

（3）参考资料：

参考书籍：Netty实战（Norman Maurer & Marvin Allen Wolfthal）
参考官方文档：https://netty.io/wiki/user-guide.html
参考网址：https://ifeve.com/tag/netty/

2.程序功能概述

客户端向服务器发送HelloNetty-Server!服务器向客户端返回Hello Netty-Client!

3.程序实现

服务端ChannelHandler

package com.xm.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFutureListener;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class ServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
	
	@Override
	public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
		ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg;
		System.out.println("服务器接收："+in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
		in.clear();
		String str = "Hello Netty-Client!";
		in.writeBytes(str.getBytes());
		ctx.write(in);
	}
	
	@Override
	public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);
	}	
	
	@Override
	public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
		cause.printStackTrace();
		ctx.close();
	}

}

服务端Server

package com.xm.netty;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;

public class Server {
	
	private final int port;
	
	public Server(int port) {
		this.port = port;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		int port = 8989;
		try {
			new Server(port).start();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

	private void start() throws InterruptedException {
		 final ServerHandler serverHandler = new ServerHandler();
		 EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		 try {
			ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap();
			 bootstrap
			 		.group(group)
			 		.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
			 		.localAddress(new InetSocketAddress( port))
			 		.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer() {
			 			@Override
			 			protected void initChannel(Channel ch) throws Exception {
			 				ch.pipeline().addLast(serverHandler);
			 			}
					});
			 ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind().sync();
			 future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		} finally {
			group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
		}
		
	}

}

客户端ChannelHandler

package com.xm.netty;

import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class ClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<ByteBuf> {
	
	@Override
	public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
		ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Hello Netty-Server!",CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
	}

	@Override
	protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf msg) throws Exception {
		System.out.println("客户端接收到消息："+msg.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
	}
	
	@Override
	public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
		cause.printStackTrace();
		ctx.close();
	}

}

客户端Client

package com.xm.netty;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;

public class Client {
	
	private final int port;
	private final String host;
	
	

	public Client(int port, String host) {
		this.port = port;
		this.host = host;
	}



	public static void main(String[] args) {
		
		String host = "127.0.0.1";
		int port = 8989;
		try {
			new Client(port, host).start();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}



	private void start() throws InterruptedException {
		EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
		try {
			Bootstrap bootstrap = new Bootstrap();
			bootstrap
					.group(group)
					.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
					.remoteAddress(host, port)
					.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {

						@Override
						protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
							ch.pipeline().addLast(new ClientHandler());
						}
						
					});
			
			ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.connect().sync();
			future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
		} finally {
			group.shutdownGracefully().sync();
		}
		
	}

}

导入依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.xm</groupId>
  <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  
  <dependencies>
  

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.16.Final</version>
</dependency>

  
  </dependencies>
</project>

4.运行结果：

服务端：

服务器接收：Hello Netty-Server!
客户端：

客户端接收到消息：Hello Netty-Client!

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/TimerHotel/p/netty01.html