为什么要抽模板,因为这样能够复用代码,减少代码量,需要原代码时就不需要修改,也不需要添加; 如果不同,就只需要单独修改不一样的地方就行 : 多挖坑,少代码,这就是抽模板的精髓,挖坑就是({% block xxx %}需要改变的代码{% endblock %})
静态页面抽取模板
一、分析静态页面
2.本次项目页面分析
本项目由5个模块组成分别是：news、course、doc、
3.分析模板页面
经过观察，发现提供的模板布局为，顶部导航，中间内容，右边侧栏，和底部页脚。其中除了中间内容的布局有所差异，其他三个部分的布局都没有改变，我们可以将这三个部分抽出来作为base模板。
首先提供的模板静态文件先复制进static文件下相应的文件夹
1.base模板抽取
根据上面的分析提取顶部导航，底部页脚，和侧栏，在base目录下创建base.html代码如下：
{% load static %}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!-- title 模板 -->
<title>{% block title %}{% endblock title %}</title>
<!-- title 模板 end -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/base/reset.css' %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/base/common.css' %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/base/side.css' %}">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://at.alicdn.com/t/font_684044_un7umbuwwfp.css">
<!-- 页面css 模板 -->
{% block link %}
{% endblock link %}
<!-- 页面css 模板 end -->
</head>
<body>
<!-- header start -->
<header id="header">
<div class="mw1200 header-contain clearfix">
<!-- logo start -->
<h1 class="logo">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="logo-title">Python</a>
</h1>
<!-- logo end -->
<!-- nav start -->
<nav class="nav">
<ul class="menu">
<li class="active"><a href="base.html">首页</a></li>
<li><a href="../course/course.html">在线课堂</a></li>
<li><a href="../doc/docDownload.html">下载文档</a></li>
<li><a href="search.html">搜索</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<!-- nav end -->
<!-- login start -->
<div class="login-box">
<div>
<i class="PyWhich py-user"></i>
<span>
<a href="../users/login.html" class="login">登录</a> / <a href="../users/register.html"
class="reg">注册</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="author hide">
<i class="PyWhich py-user"></i>
<span>qwertyui</span>
<ul class="author-menu">
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);">后台管理</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);">退出登录</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<!-- login end -->
</div>
</header>
<!-- header end -->
<!-- main start 模板 -->
{% block main_start %}
<main id="main">
<div class="w1200 clearfix">
<!-- main-contain 模板 -->
{% block main_contain %}
{% endblock main_contain %}
<!-- main-contain end -->
<!-- side start 模板 -->
{% block side %}
<aside class="side">
<div class="side-activities">
<h3 class="activities-title">在线课堂<a href="javascript:void(0)">更多</a></h3>
<div class="activities-img">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank">
<img src="{% static 'images/english.jpg' %}" alt="title">
</a>
<p class="activities-tips">对话国外小姐姐</p>
</div>
<ul class="activities-list">
<li>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank">
<span class="active-status active-start">报名中</span>
<span class="active-title"><a
href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432"> Django 项目班</a></span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank">
<span class="active-status active-end">已结束</span>
<span class="active-title"><a
href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2321">Python入门基础班</a></span>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="side-attention clearfix">
<h3 class="attention-title">关注我</h3>
<ul class="side-attention-address">
<li>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank"><i class="PyWhich py-GitHub"></i>XinLan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank"><i class="PyWhich py-zhihu"
style="color:rgb(0, 108, 226);"></i>XinLan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" target="_blank"><i class="PyWhich py-weibo"
style="color:rgb(245,92,110);"></i>XinLan</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="side-attention-qr">
<p>扫码关注</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 热门推荐 模板 -->
{% block hot_recommend %}
<div class="side-hot-recommend">
<h3 class="hot-recommend">热门推荐</h3>
<ul class="hot-news-list">
<li>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" class="hot-news-contain clearfix">
<div class="hot-news-thumbnail">
<img src="{% static 'images/python_web.jpg' %}"
alt="">
</div>
<div class="hot-news-content">
<p class="hot-news-title">Django调试工具django-debug-toolbar安装使用教程</p>
<div class="hot-news-other clearfix">
<span class="news-type">python框架</span>
<!-- 自带的 -->
<time class="news-pub-time">11月11日</time>
<span class="news-author">python</span>
</div>
</div>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
{% endblock hot_recommend %}
<!-- 热门推荐 模板 end -->
</aside>
{% endblock side %}
<!-- side end -->
</div>
</main>
{% endblock main_start %}
<!-- main 内容模板 end -->
<!-- footer start -->
<footer id="footer">
<div class="footer-box">
<div class="footer-content">
<p class="top-content">
<span class="link">
<a href="javascript:void(0)">关于Python</a> |
<a href="javascript:void(0)">我就是我</a> |
<a href="javascript:void(0)">人生苦短</a> |
<a href="javascript:void(0)">我用Python</a>
</span>
<span class="about-me">关于我: <i class="PyWhich py-wechat"></i> XinLan</span>
</p>
<p class="bottom-content">
<span>地址： xxxx</span>
<span>联系方式: <a href="tel:400-1567-315">400-1567-315</a> (24小时在线)</span>
</p>
</div>
<p class="copyright-desc">
Copyright © 2008 - 2018 xxx有限公司. All Rights Reserved
</p>
</div>
</footer>
<!-- footer end -->
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="{% static 'js/base/common.js' %}"></script>
<!-- 自定义js模板 -->
{% block script %}
{% endblock script %}
<!-- 自定义js模板 end -->
</body>
</html>
注意静态文件的引用。
2.news模块index页面
news/index.html代码：
{% extends 'base/base.html' %}
{% load static %}
{% block title %}首页{% endblock title %}
{% block link %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{% static 'css/news/index.css' %}">
{% endblock link %}
{% block main_contain %}
<div class="main-contain">
<!-- banner start -->
<div class="banner">
<ul class="pic">
<!--淡入淡出banner-->
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);"><img src="{% static 'images/linux.jpg' %}" alt="test"></a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);"><img src="{% static 'images/python_gui.jpg' %}" alt="test"></a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);"><img src="{% static 'images/python_function.jpg' %}" alt="test"></a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);"><img src="{% static 'images/python_advanced.jpg' %}" alt="test"></a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);"><img src="{% static 'images/jichujiaochen.jpeg' %}" alt="test"></a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0);"><img src="{% static 'images/python_web.jpg' %}" alt="test"></a></li>
</ul>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn prev">
<i class="PyWhich py-arrow-left"></i></a>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn next">
<i class="PyWhich py-arrow-right"></i></a>
<ul class="tab">
<!-- 按钮数量必须和图片一致 -->
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
<li></li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- banner end -->
<!-- content start -->
<div class="content">
<!-- recommend-news start -->
<ul class="recommend-news">
<li>
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" target="_blank">
<div class="recommend-thumbnail">
<img src="{% static 'images/python_gui.jpg' %}" alt="title">
</div>
<p class="info">Python GUI 教程 25行代码写一个小闹钟</p>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" target="_blank">
<div class="recommend-thumbnail">
<img src="{% static 'images/python_advanced.jpg' %}" alt="title">
</div>
<p class="info">python高性能编程方法一</p>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" target="_blank">
<div class="recommend-thumbnail">
<img src="{% static 'images/jichujiaochen.jpeg' %}" alt="title">
</div>
<p class="info">python基础 split 和 join函数比较</p>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<!-- recommend-news end -->
<!-- news-nav start-->
<nav class="news-nav">
<ul class="clearfix">
<li class="active"><a href="javascript:void(0)">最新资讯</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-id="1">python框架</a>
</li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-id="2">Python基础</a>
</li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-id="3">Python高级</a>
</li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-id="4">Python函数</a>
</li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-id="5">PythonGUI</a>
</li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" data-id="6">Linux教程</a>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<!-- news-nav end -->
<!-- news-contain start -->
<div class="news-contain">
<ul class="news-list">
<li class="news-item">
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" class="news-thumbnail"
target="_blank">
<img src="{% static 'images/linux.jpg' %}" alt="linux查找文件或目录命令"
title="linux查找文件或目录命令">
</a>
<div class="news-content">
<h4 class="news-title"><a
href="#">linux查找文件或目录命令</a>
</h4>
<p class="news-details">linux查找文件或目录命令，前提：知道文件或者目录的具体名字，例如：sphinx.conffind 查找find / -name
dirname 查找目录find -name...</p>
<div class="news-other">
<span class="news-type">Linux教程</span>
<span class="news-time">11/11 18:24</span>
<span class="news-author">python</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="news-item">
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" class="news-thumbnail"
target="_blank">
<img src="{% static 'images/linux.jpg' %}" alt="linux下svn命令的使用"
title="linux下svn命令的使用">
</a>
<div class="news-content">
<h4 class="news-title"><a
href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432/887">linux下svn命令的使用</a>
</h4>
<p class="news-details">1、将文件checkout到本地目录svn checkout path（path是服务器上的目录） 例如：svn checkout
svn://192.168.1.1/pro/domain 简写：svn co2、往版本库中添加新的文件 svn addfile 例如：svn add te...</p>
<div class="news-other">
<span class="news-type">Linux教程</span>
<span class="news-time">11/11 18:24</span>
<span class="news-author">python</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="news-item">
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" class="news-thumbnail"
target="_blank">
<img src="{% static 'images/linux.jpg' %}" alt="实现linux和windows文件传输"
title="实现linux和windows文件传输">
</a>
<div class="news-content">
<h4 class="news-title"><a
href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432/886">实现linux和windows文件传输</a>
</h4>
<p class="news-details">
其实这个题目有点大，这里介绍的只是linux和windows文件传输中的一种，但是这种方法却非常实用，那就是：ZModem协议具体是linux命令是：rz...</p>
<div class="news-other">
<span class="news-type">Linux教程</span>
<span class="news-time">11/11 18:24</span>
<span class="news-author">python</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="news-item">
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" class="news-thumbnail"
target="_blank">
<img src="{% static 'images/linux.jpg' %}" alt=".htaccess配置详解"
title=".htaccess配置详解">
</a>
<div class="news-content">
<h4 class="news-title"><a
href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432">.htaccess配置详解</a>
</h4>
<p class="news-details"> .htaccess文件设置基础教程 如果你设置好了比如常用的404页面 301重定向 页面还有500页面等会设置了
无非对你的seo技术有很大帮助那么 .htaccess文件到底怎么设置呢 - .htaccess 文件(或者"分布式...</p>
<div class="news-other">
<span class="news-type">Linux教程</span>
<span class="news-time">11/11 18:24</span>
<span class="news-author">python</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
<li class="news-item">
<a href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432" class="news-thumbnail"
target="_blank">
<img src="{% static 'images/linux.jpg' %}" alt="使用nohup命令让linux程序后台运行"
title="使用nohup命令让linux程序后台运行">
</a>
<div class="news-content">
<h4 class="news-title"><a
href="https://www.shiguangkey.com/course/2432">使用nohup命令让linux程序后台运行</a>
</h4>
<p class="news-details">使用nohup让程序永远后台运行Unix/Linux下一般比如想让某个程序在后台运行，很多都是使用 &
在程序结尾来让程序自动运行。比如我们要运行mysql在后台：/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &但是...</p>
<div class="news-other">
<span class="news-type">Linux教程</span>
<span class="news-time">11/11 18:24</span>
<span class="news-author">python</span>
</div>
</div>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- news-contain end -->
<!-- btn-more start -->
<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="btn-more">加载更多</a>
<!-- btn-more end -->
</div>
<!-- content end -->
</div>
{% endblock main_contain %}
{% block script %}
<script src="{% static 'js/news/index.js' %}"></script>
{% endblock script %}
news/views.py代码(视图代码)
from django.shortcuts import render def index(request): return render(request, 'news/index.html')
news/urls.py代码(路由配置)
from django.urls import path from . import views # url的命名空间 app_name = 'news' urlpatterns = [ path('', views.index, name='index'), # 将这条路由命名为index ]
这会还得在主项目下配置分路由代码(根urls.py代码)
from django.urls import path, include urlpatterns = [
# 配置分路由用include path('', include('news.urls')) ]