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  • OC中数组排序的3种方法

    总结OC中数组排序3种方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:

    大体上,OC中常用的数组排序有以下几种方法:sortedArrayUsingSelector:;sortedArrayUsingComparator:;sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:。

    1、简单排序(sortedArrayUsingSelector:)

    如果只是对字符串的排序,可以利用sortedArrayUsingSelector:方法就可以了,代码如下

    //简单排序
    void sortArray1(){
        NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc",@"456",@"123",@"789",@"ef", nil];
        NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(compare:)];
        NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
    }
    

    当然,除了利用字符串自带的compare:方法,也可以自己写compare:方法,进行对象的比较;如下:

    首先是新建了Person类,实现方法如下(头文件就省了):

    #import "Person.h"
    @implementation Person
    
    //直接实现静态方法,获取带有name和age的Person对象
    +(Person *)personWithAge:(int) age withName:(NSString *)name{
        Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
        person.age = age;
        person.name = name;
        return person;
    }
    
    //自定义排序方法
    -(NSComparisonResult)comparePerson:(Person *)person{
      //默认按年龄排序
        NSComparisonResult result = [[NSNumber numberWithInt:person.age] compare:[NSNumber numberWithInt:self.age]];//注意:基本数据类型要进行数据转换
      //如果年龄一样,就按照名字排序
        if (result == NSOrderedSame) {
            result = [self.name compare:person.name];
        }
        return result;
    }
    
    @end

    主函数代码如下:

    void sortArray2(){
        Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan"];
        Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"lisi"];
        Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"wangwu"];
        Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"liwu"];
        Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:20 withName:@"liwu"];
        NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil];
        NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(comparePerson:)];
        NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
    }

    2、利用block语法(sortedArrayUsingComparator:)

    苹果官方提供了block语法,比较方便。其中数组排序可以用sortedArrayUsingComparator:方法,代码如下:

    void sortArray3(){
        NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1bc",@"4b6",@"123",@"789",@"3ef", nil];
        NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) {
    
       //这里的代码可以参照上面compare:默认的排序方法,也可以把自定义的方法写在这里,给对象排序
            NSComparisonResult result = [obj1 compare:obj2];
            return result;
        }];
        NSLog(@"排序后:%@",sortedArray);
    }

    3、高级排序(sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:)

    如果是这样一种情况呢?Person类里有另外一个类的变量,比如说Person类除了name,age变量,还有一辆车Car类型,Car类里有个name属性。对Person对象进行排序,有这样的要求:按照Car的name排序,如果是同一辆车,也就是Car的name相同,那么再按照年龄进行排序,如果年龄也相同,最后按照Person的name进行排序。

    上面这样就要使用第三种方法,利用排序描述器,不多说,有兴趣可以看看API介绍。代码如下:

    首先写个Car类,实现类Car.m代码如下:

    #import "Car.h"
    @implementation Car
    
    +(Car *)initWithName:(NSString *)name{
        Car *car = [Car alloc] init];
        car.name = name;
        return car;
    }
    
    @end

    然后改写Person类,实现类Person.m代码如下:

    #import "Person.h"
    #import "Car.h"
    @implementation Person
    
    +(Person *)personWithAge:(int)age withName:(NSString *)name withCar:(Car *)car{
        Person *person = [[Person alloc] init];
        person.age = age;
        person.name = name;
        person.car = car;
        return person;
    }
    
    //这里重写description方法,用于最后测试排序结果显示
    -(NSString *)description{
        return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"age is %zi , name is %@, car is %@",_age,_name,_car.name];
    }
    
    @end

    主函数代码如下:

    void sortArray4(){
            //首先来3辆车,分别是奥迪、劳斯莱斯、宝马
            Car *car1 = [Car initWithName:@"Audio"];
            Car *car2 = [Car initWithName:@"Rolls-Royce"];
            Car *car3 = [Car initWithName:@"BMW"];
            
            //再来5个Person,每人送辆车,分别为car2、car1、car1、car3、car2
            Person *p1 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car2];
            Person *p2 = [Person personWithAge:21 withName:@"zhangsan" withCar:car1];
            Person *p3 = [Person personWithAge:24 withName:@"lisi" withCar:car1];
            Person *p4 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car3];
            Person *p5 = [Person personWithAge:23 withName:@"wangwu" withCar:car2];
    
        
            //加入数组
            NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:p1,p2,p3,p4,p5, nil];
            
            //构建排序描述器
            NSSortDescriptor *carNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"car.name" ascending:YES];
            NSSortDescriptor *personNameDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"name" ascending:YES];
            NSSortDescriptor *personAgeDesc = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"age" ascending:YES];
            
            //把排序描述器放进数组里,放入的顺序就是你想要排序的顺序
            //我这里是:首先按照年龄排序,然后是车的名字,最后是按照人的名字
            NSArray *descriptorArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:personAgeDesc,carNameDesc,personNameDesc, nil];
            
            NSArray *sortedArray = [array sortedArrayUsingDescriptors: descriptorArray];
            NSLog(@"%@",sortedArray);
    }

    结果如下:

    从结果看出,先按照age排序,如果age相同,按照car排序,如果car相同,按照name排序。

    (注意:上面两种排序方法要想实现字符串显示,请重写description方法)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/W-Kr/p/5095220.html
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