ASP.NET中将检索出的数据写入Exel形成Report的一种solution

关键词：DataSet,DataTable, DataBase, Excel, Report
正文：
    在基于web的MIS中，经常需要将从DataBase检索出的数据形成报表。而Exel报表在公司尤为常见。在.net Framework下，检索出的数据保存至DataSet或者DataTable是最常见的方法了。那么，如何将DataSet或DataTable中保存的内存数据写入Excel呢？
        可以采用一个比较愚蠢stupid的方法：将数据按照自定义的style,方便写入Excel。将Excel文件保存为spreadsheet XML格式即可。
    一般来说，数据写入到Excel文件分为3部分，Excel head file , Excel Data file, Excel footer file.将其3者合并在一起就形成了一个完整的Excel文件
代码如下：

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.IO;
//using System.

/**//// <summary>
/// Summary description for FileOperation
/// </summary>
/// 

namespace Intern.File
{
    /**//// <summary>
    /// this class is desgned to manipulate file, such as excel, text etc.
    /// designed by:He Ren Gang
    /// designed Date:2008/4/30
    /// </summary>


    ///Base Interface, for other concrete class to implement it, 
    ///such as excelClass,textClass
    public interface IFileOperation
    {
        string FileName { get; }
        string FullPathName { get; }
        void CreateFileHeader(string  byWho);
        void SaveData(DataTable dt);
        void CreateFooter();
    }
    public enum ExelSaveType
    {
        TYPE1,
        TYPE2,
        TYPE3
    }

    /**//// <summary>
    /// ExcelFileOperation Class, mainly Operates for  Excel file.
    /// </summary>
    public class ExcelFileOperation:IFileOperation
    {
     
        private StreamWriter sw;
        private string _fileName;
        private string _fullPathName;
        
        public string FileName
        {
            get
            {
                _fileName = DateTime.Now.Year.ToString() +
                                   DateTime.Now.Month.ToString() +
                                   DateTime.Now.Day.ToString() +
                                   DateTime.Now.Minute.ToString() +
                                   DateTime.Now.Second.ToString();

                _fileName += ".xls";
                return _fileName;
            }
        }

        public string FullPathName
        {
            get
            {
                if (!Directory.Exists(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("BugReports")))
                    Directory.CreateDirectory(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("BugReports"));

                _fullPathName = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(@"BugReports\" + _fileName);
                return _fullPathName;
            }

        }

        public ExcelFileOperation()
        {
            _fileName = FileName;
            _fullPathName = FullPathName;
        }


        /**//// <summary>
        /// functionality:
        /// write the XML spread sheet head information to specified filename , mainly includes the representation format,
        /// font, size, color, and column name etc.
        ///author:He ren gang
        ///completed time:2008/4/30
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="filename"></param>
        /// <param name="byWho"></param>
        public void CreateFileHeader(string byWho)
        {
            FileInfo file = new FileInfo(_fullPathName);
            sw = new StreamWriter(_fullPathName);
            sw.WriteLine(@"<?xml version='1.0'?>
    <?mso-application progid='Excel.Sheet'?>
    <Workbook xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet'
    xmlns:o='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office'
    xmlns:x='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel'
    xmlns:ss='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet'
    xmlns:html='http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40'>
    <DocumentProperties xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office'>
    <Author>Renggang He</Author>
    <LastAuthor>Renggang He</LastAuthor>
    <Created>2008-04-30T04:46:02Z</Created>
    <Company>Microsoft</Company>
    <Version>12.00</Version>
    </DocumentProperties>
    <ExcelWorkbook xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel'>
    <WindowHeight>4695</WindowHeight>
    <WindowWidth>11280</WindowWidth>
    <WindowTopX>120</WindowTopX>
    <WindowTopY>75</WindowTopY>
    <ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>
    <ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>
    </ExcelWorkbook>
    <Styles>
    <Style ss:ID='Default' ss:Name='Normal'>
    <Alignment ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
    <Borders/>
    <Font ss:FontName='Calibri' x:Family='Swiss' ss:Size='11' ss:Color='#000000'/>
    <Interior/>
    <NumberFormat/>
    <Protection/>
    </Style>
    <Style ss:ID='s63'>
   <Alignment ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
   <Font ss:FontName='Arial Black' x:Family='Swiss' ss:Size='11' ss:Color='#000000'/>
    </Style>
    <Style ss:ID='s65'>
    <Alignment ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
   <Font ss:FontName='Arial Black' x:Family='Swiss' ss:Size='10' ss:Color='#006699'/>
    </Style>
    <Style ss:ID='s66'>
   <Alignment ss:Horizontal='Center' ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
   <Font ss:FontName='Arial' x:Family='Swiss' ss:Size='11' ss:Color='#000000'/>
   <NumberFormat/>
   </Style>
  <Style ss:ID='s67'>
   <Alignment ss:Horizontal='Center' ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
  </Style>
  <Style ss:ID='s68'>
   <Alignment ss:Horizontal='Center' ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
   <NumberFormat ss:Format='Short Date'/>
  </Style>
 <Style ss:ID='s69'>
   <Alignment ss:Horizontal='Center' ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
   <Font ss:FontName='Calibri' x:Family='Swiss' ss:Size='11' ss:Color='#FF0000'/>
  </Style>
<Style ss:ID='s70'>
   <Alignment ss:Horizontal='Center' ss:Vertical='Bottom'/>
   <Font ss:FontName='Calibri' x:Family='Swiss' ss:Size='11' ss:Color='#538ED5'/>
  </Style>
  </Styles>
 <Worksheet ss:Name='Sheet1'>
  <Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount='11'  x:FullColumns='1'
   x:FullRows='1' ss:DefaultRowHeight='15'>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='29.25'/>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='60'/>
   <Column ss:Index='4' ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='57.75'/>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='95.25'/>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='78.75'/>
   <Column ss:Index='8' ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='83.25'/>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='57.75'/>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='95.25'/>
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth='0' ss:Width='91.5'/>
   <Row ss:AutoFitHeight='0' ss:Height='18.75'>
    <Cell ss:Index='4' ss:MergeAcross='1' ss:StyleID='s63'><Data ss:Type='String'>BUGS REPORTS</Data></Cell>
   </Row>
   <Row ss:AutoFitHeight='0'>
    <Cell ss:Index='5' ss:MergeAcross='1' ss:StyleID='s65'><Data ss:Type='String'>Generated Time:" + DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString()+@"</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s65'><Data ss:Type='String'>Reporter:" + byWho + @"</Data></Cell>
   </Row>
   <Row ss:AutoFitHeight='0'>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>ID</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Description</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Project</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Category</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Reported By</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Reported On</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Priority</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Assigned To</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Status</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Last Updated By</Data></Cell>
    <Cell ss:StyleID='s66'><Data ss:Type='String'>Last Updated On</Data></Cell>
   </Row>");
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// functinality: save the data from DataTable to the spreedsheet XML file,
        ///                 which will be saved as EXCEl File suffixed with .xls;
        ///comments: the data format is defined by the spreedsheet head file that has written into relevant file prio.
        ///author:He RenGang
        ///completed time:2008/4/30
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dt"></param>
      public void SaveData(DataTable dt)
        {
          
            for (int i =  dt.Rows.Count-1; i >=0; i--)
            {
                sw.WriteLine(@"<Row ss:AutoFitHeight='0'>");
                for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
                {
                    string stype = GetStyleString(dt.Rows[i][8].ToString());
                    
                    sw.WriteLine(@"<Cell ss:StyleID='" + stype + "'><Data ss:Type='String'>" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString() + "</Data></Cell>");
                              
                } 
                sw.WriteLine(@"</Row>");
            }            
        }

       
        /**//// <summary>
        /// currrently: I define such Style .
        /// if type is New --> Red color :s79
        /// if type is ReOpen-->Blue color:s70
        /// others  -->default color
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="BugType"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
      private string GetStyleString(string BugType)
      {
          if (BugType.ToLower()== "new")
              return "s69";
          else if (BugType == "re-opened")
              return "s70";
          else
              return "s67";

      }


        /**//// <summary>
        /// functionality:continue to write the spreedsheet footer into specified file that will be saved as Excel File.
        /// completed time:2008/4/30;
        /// author:He RenGang
        /// </summary>
        public void CreateFooter()
        {
            sw.WriteLine(@"</Table>
  <WorksheetOptions xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel'>
   <PageSetup>
    <Header x:Margin='0.3'/>
    <Footer x:Margin='0.3'/>
    <PageMargins x:Bottom='0.75' x:Left='0.7' x:Right='0.7' x:Top='0.75'/>
   </PageSetup>
   <Unsynced/>
   <Selected/>
   <LeftColumnVisible>1</LeftColumnVisible>
   <Panes>
    <Pane>
     <Number>3</Number>
     <ActiveRow>6</ActiveRow>
     <ActiveCol>5</ActiveCol>
    </Pane>
   </Panes>
   <ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>
   <ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>
  </WorksheetOptions>
 </Worksheet>
 <Worksheet ss:Name='Sheet2'>
  <Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount='1' ss:ExpandedRowCount='1' x:FullColumns='1'
   x:FullRows='1' ss:DefaultRowHeight='15'>
   <Row ss:AutoFitHeight='0'/>
  </Table>
  <WorksheetOptions xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel'>
   <PageSetup>
    <Header x:Margin='0.3'/>
    <Footer x:Margin='0.3'/>
    <PageMargins x:Bottom='0.75' x:Left='0.7' x:Right='0.7' x:Top='0.75'/>
   </PageSetup>
   <Unsynced/>
   <ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>
   <ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>
  </WorksheetOptions>
 </Worksheet>
 <Worksheet ss:Name='Sheet3'>
  <Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount='1' ss:ExpandedRowCount='1' x:FullColumns='1'
   x:FullRows='1' ss:DefaultRowHeight='15'>
   <Row ss:AutoFitHeight='0'/>
  </Table>
  <WorksheetOptions xmlns='urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel'>
   <PageSetup>
    <Header x:Margin='0.3'/>
    <Footer x:Margin='0.3'/>
    <PageMargins x:Bottom='0.75' x:Left='0.7' x:Right='0.7' x:Top='0.75'/>
   </PageSetup>
   <Unsynced/>
   <ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>
   <ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>
  </WorksheetOptions>
 </Worksheet>
</Workbook>");

        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// Functionality:
        /// Save Bugs from Datatable Object into SpreedSheet Excel File.
        /// the process includes:  
        ///                         1 CreateExcelFileHeader();
            ///                     2 SaveExcelData(dt);
            ///                     3 CreateExcelFooter();     
            ///                    
        ///Author:He RenGang
        ///completed Time: 2008/4/30;
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dt"></param>
        public void SaveFile(DataTable dt)
        {
            try
            {              
                string byWho = HttpContext.Current.Session["loginuser"].ToString();
                CreateFileHeader(byWho);
                SaveData(dt);
                CreateFooter();
                sw.Close();
                HttpContext.Current.Session["bugreportfilename"] = _fileName;
                HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<script language=jscript>window.open('DownLoadBugReports.aspx?relativefilename=" + _fileName + "')</script>");
                //HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<script language=jscript>alert('The Bug report has been saved as " + relativefileName + "')</script>");
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
            }
            return;
        }
    }

   
}

示例效果如下：

如果有好方法，欢迎交流。