在 kubernetes 中部署两副本的 redis deployment 并且通过 prometheus 监控

前言

redis deployment 是 kubernetes 外面的 redis 从。prometheus 是通过 redis-exporter 监控 redis 的。 redis-exporter 和 redis 是部署在一个 pod 里面的。本文中用到的 prometheus operator 中的 CustomResource 有 prometheus podmonitors。如下：

$ k get prometheus
NAME   AGE
k8s    3d5h

$ k get podmonitors.monitoring.coreos.com --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE   NAME          AGE
default     example-app   4h3m

监控的具体原理是 prometheus（CustomResource） 中配置 podmonitor，podmonitor 在配置中通过 label selector 选择对应的 pod。剩下的就是 prometheus operator 中的逻辑了。

环境介绍

需要有已经安装好了的 kubernetes 集群。我这边使用的 zsh，安装了 kubectl 插件，还安装了 kubens 插件，具体可以从 github 上找。

 ~$ k version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"16", GitVersion:"v1.16.2", GitCommit:"c97fe5036ef3df2967d086711e6c0c405941e14b", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2019-10-15T19:18:23Z", GoVersion:"go1.12.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"14+", GitVersion:"v1.14.8-aliyun.1", GitCommit:"51888f5", GitTreeState:"", BuildDate:"2019-10-16T08:29:13Z", GoVersion:"go1.12.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

通过 kube-prometheus 安装 prometheus

具体可以参考 github 上的介绍，我这边是当前最新的版本。

git clone https://github.com/coreos/kube-prometheus.git
kubectl apply -f manifests/setup
kubectl create -f manifests/

部署 redis 到 kubernetes

我们这次是部署 redis 从到 kubernetes。下面都是在 default namespace 下：

# redis master 配置：
$ ls
master_redis.yaml  redis2s.yaml  podmonitor.yaml  redis_config.yaml
$ cat master_redis.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis2
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 9911
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Endpoints
metadata:
  name: redis2
subsets:
  - addresses:
      - ip: 192.168.10.11
    ports:
      - port: 9911


$ cat redis2s.yaml                                                                                    
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: redis2s
spec:
  replicas: 2
  template:
    metadata:
      annotations:
        prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
        prometheus.io/port: "9121"
      labels:
        app: redis2s
        kind: redis
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: redis
        image: redis:2.6
        command: ["redis-server"]
        args: ["/etc/redis/redis2s.conf"]
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9911
        volumeMounts:
        - name: v3redis-config
          mountPath: /etc/redis/
      - name: redis-exporter
        image: oliver006/redis_exporter:latest
        args: ["--redis.addr","redis://localhost:9911","--redis.password","redis2s",]
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9121
      volumes:
        - name: v3redis-config
          configMap:
            name: v3redis-config
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: redis2s
spec:
  ports:
  - port: 9911
  selector:
    app: redis2s
    kind: redis

$ cat redis_config.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: v3redis-config
  namespace: default
data:
  redis1.conf: |
    daemonize no
    pidfile /usr/local/redis/redis1.pid
    timeout 0
    dir ./
  redis2s.conf: |
    daemonize no
    pidfile /usr/local/redis/redis2s.pid
    port 9911
    timeout 0
    tcp-keepalive 60
    loglevel notice
    logfile redis2s.log
    databases 16
    stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
    rdbcompression yes
    rdbchecksum yes
    dbfilename redis2s.rdb
    dir ./
    slaveof redis2  9911
    slave-serve-stale-data yes
    slave-read-only yes


$ cat podmonitor.yaml
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: PodMonitor
metadata:
  name: example-app
  labels:
    team: frontend
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: redis2s
  podMetricsEndpoints:
  - targetPort: 9121

然后执行下面的命令

k label namespaces default prometheus.monitor=true
k apply -f .

promethues-operator 配置

下面是在 monitoring namespace 下:
上面已经配置了 podmonitor(promethues-operator 中的 CustomResource)，接下来配置 promethues-operator 中的 CR(CustomResource) Prometheus，其实只需要修改如下配置就行了：

  podMonitorNamespaceSelector:
    matchLabels:
      prometheus.monitor: true
  podMonitorSelector:
    matchLabels:
      team: frontend

完整的配置：

k get prometheus k8s -o yaml
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: Prometheus
metadata:
  annotations:
    kubectl.kubernetes.io/last-applied-configuration: |
      {"apiVersion":"monitoring.coreos.com/v1","kind":"Prometheus","metadata":{"annotations":{},"labels":{"prometheus":"k8s"},"name":"k8s","namespace":"monitoring"},"spec":{"alerting":{"alertmanagers":[{"name":"alertmanager-main","namespace":"monitoring","port":"web"}]},"baseImage":"quay.io/prometheus/prometheus","nodeSelector":{"kubernetes.io/os":"linux"},"podMonitorNamespaceSelector":{},"podMonitorSelector":{},"replicas":2,"resources":{"requests":{"memory":"400Mi"}},"ruleSelector":{"matchLabels":{"prometheus":"k8s","role":"alert-rules"}},"securityContext":{"fsGroup":2000,"runAsNonRoot":true,"runAsUser":1000},"serviceAccountName":"prometheus-k8s","serviceMonitorNamespaceSelector":{},"serviceMonitorSelector":{},"version":"v2.11.0"}}
    project.cattle.io/namespaces: '["catalog","default","monitoring"]'
  creationTimestamp: "2019-12-17T01:41:43Z"
  generation: 4
  labels:
    prometheus: k8s
  name: k8s
  namespace: monitoring
  resourceVersion: "37485079"
  selfLink: /apis/monitoring.coreos.com/v1/namespaces/monitoring/prometheuses/k8s
  uid: 60f7b6aa-206e-11ea-9e1d-064ec46212f4
spec:
  additionalScrapeConfigs:
    key: prometheus-additional.yaml
    name: additional-scrape-configs
  alerting:
    alertmanagers:
    - name: alertmanager-main
      namespace: monitoring
      port: web
  baseImage: quay.io/prometheus/prometheus
  nodeSelector:
    kubernetes.io/os: linux
  podMonitorNamespaceSelector:
    matchLabels:
      prometheus.monitor: true
  podMonitorSelector:
    matchLabels:
      team: frontend
  replicas: 2
  resources:
    requests:
      memory: 400Mi
  ruleSelector:
    matchLabels:
      prometheus: k8s
      role: alert-rules
  rules:
    alert: {}
  securityContext:
    fsGroup: 2000
    runAsNonRoot: true
    runAsUser: 1000
  serviceAccountName: prometheus-k8s
  serviceMonitorNamespaceSelector: {}
  serviceMonitorSelector: {}
  version: v2.11.0

这里面还添加了一下自定义的 promethues 配置，如果想要添加可以参考这个链接。

grafana 配置

redis-exporter 中监控项在grafana中的展示可以参考这个 dashboard.