使用C/C++操作Oracle数据库，使用OCI可谓是最强大，当然也是最难的方式。Oracle是一个功能复杂而强大的数据库，它可以很好的支持空间数据（Oracle spatial）。如何使用OCI向Oracle数据库中插入空间数据（SDO_GEOMETRY字段）呢，本文将给出代码。
首先，给出OCI连接数据库的代码：（ph开头的变量均是OCI句柄）
1 //以指定的模式创建环境句柄 2 OCIEnvCreate(&phEnv,connMode,(dvoid *)0,0,0,0,(size_t)0,(dvoid **)0); 3 //分配服务器句柄,注意不要少了取值符号& 4 OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)phEnv,(dvoid **)&phServer,OCI_HTYPE_SERVER,0,(dvoid **)0); 5 //分配错误句柄 6 OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)phEnv,(dvoid **)&phErr,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR,0,(dvoid **)0); 7 //创建服务器上下文句柄,c_str()函数将C++类型的string字符串转化为C串 char* 8 if(OCIServerAttach(phServer,phErr,(text *)DBname.c_str(),strlen(DBname.c_str()),OCI_DEFAULT) ==OCI_SUCCESS) 9 cout<<"DB "+DBname+" is connected successfully!"<<endl; 10 else 11 { 12 cout<<"DB "+DBname+" is fail to connect，Please check whether you type a right DB name!"<<endl; 13 } 14 //分配上下文句柄 15 OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)phEnv,(dvoid **)&phSvcCtx,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,0,(dvoid **)0); 16 //设置服务器上下文句柄的服务器句柄属性 17 OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)phSvcCtx,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,(dvoid *)phServer,(ub4)0,OCI_ATTR_SERVER,phErr); 18 //分配用户会话句柄 19 OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)phEnv,(dvoid **)&phSession,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,0,(dvoid **)0); 20 //为用户会话句柄设置用户名和密码属性 21 OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)phSession,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,(dvoid *)username.c_str(),(ub4)strlen(username.c_str()),OCI_ATTR_USERNAME,phErr); 22 OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)phSession,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,(dvoid *)password.c_str(),(ub4)strlen(password.c_str()),OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD,phErr); 23 //申请描述句柄 24 OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid*)phEnv,(dvoid**)&phdsc,OCI_HTYPE_DESCRIBE,0,(void**)0); 25 if (OCISessionBegin(phSvcCtx,phErr,phSession,OCI_CRED_RDBMS,OCI_DEFAULT)==OCI_SUCCESS) 26 { 27 cout<<"user session is created successfully!"<<endl; 28 } 29 else 30 { 31 cout<<"user session is fail to create! "<<endl; 32 } 33 //在服务器上下文环境中设置用户会话属性 34 OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)phSvcCtx, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,(dvoid *)phSession,(ub4) 0,OCI_ATTR_SESSION,phErr);
接下来进行数据插入：
//HYARRAYT型指针 OCIType * ordinates_tdo =NULL; //HYARRAYT的类型映射OCIARRAY OCIArray * hyarray_Point =NULL; //HYARRAYT的类型映射OCIARRAY OCIArray * hyarray_MBR =NULL; OCINumber oci_number; //声明绑定 OCIBind* bndhp1 = NULL; OCIBind* bndhp2 = NULL; //创建用于描述SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY类型的描述符 ordinates_tdo = get_tdo(SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY); //分配语句句柄 CheckErr(phErr,OCIHandleAlloc(phEnv,(void **)&phStmt,OCI_HTYPE_STMT,0,0)); string sql_str =""; sql_str = "INSERT INTO "+table+" VALUES(:1,SDO_GEOMETRY(2002,NULL,NULL,SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY( 1,2,1),:ordinates))" text * insert = (text*)sql_str.c_str(); //准备SQL语句 CheckErr(phErr,OCIStmtPrepare(phStmt,phErr,insert,strlen((char *)insert),OCI_NTV_SYNTAX,OCI_DEFAULT)); //变长数组类型的初始化，初始化SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY CheckErr(phErr,OCIObjectNew(phEnv,phErr,phSvcCtx,OCI_TYPECODE_VARRAY,ordinates_tdo,(dvoid*)NULL,OCI_DURATION_SESSION,FALSE,(dvoid**)&hyarray_Point)); vector<trackpoint> pointSet = track.getPointSet(); //输入坐标值 (linestring) for (int i=0;i<pointSet.size();i++) { CheckErr(phErr,OCINumberFromReal(phErr,(dvoid*)&pointSet[i].lon,(uword)sizeof(double),&oci_number)); CheckErr(phErr,OCICollAppend(phEnv,phErr,(dvoid*)&oci_number,(dvoid*)0,(OCIColl*)hyarray_Point)); CheckErr(phErr,OCINumberFromReal(phErr,(dvoid*)&pointSet[i].lat,(uword)sizeof(double),&oci_number)); CheckErr(phErr,OCICollAppend(phEnv,phErr,(dvoid*)&oci_number,(dvoid*)0,(OCIColl*)hyarray_Point)); } //绑定变量 CheckErr(phErr,OCIBindByPos(phStmt,&bndhp1,phErr,1,&nid,sizeof(int),SQLT_FLT,0,0,0,0,0,OCI_DEFAULT)); //变量绑定,此处为坐标 CheckErr(phErr,OCIBindByName(phStmt,&bndhp1,phErr,(text*)":ordinates",(sb4)-1,(dvoid*)0,(sb4)0,SQLT_NTY,(dvoid*)0,(ub2*)0,(ub2*)0,(ub4)0,(ub4*)0,(ub4)OCI_DEFAULT)); CheckErr(phErr,OCIBindObject(bndhp1,phErr,ordinates_tdo,(dvoid**)&hyarray_Point,(ub4*)0,(dvoid**)0,(ub4*)0)); //执行SQL语句 CheckErr(phErr,OCIStmtExecute(phSvcCtx,phStmt,phErr,1,0,NULL,NULL,OCI_DEFAULT)); OCITransCommit(phSvcCtx,phErr,(ub4)0);
应该注意的是Oracle spatial的SDO_GEOMETRY字段，它的构建方式为：
SDO_GEOMETRY(
2002 --表示集合类型，此处为线串
NULL --表示坐标系
NULL -- 表示点的类型
SDO_ELEM_INFO_ARRAY（1,2,1） --表示几何的属性
SDO_ORDINATE_ARRAY --表示几何类型的坐标
(
x1,x2,
x3,x4,
.....
xn,xn+1
)
)
以上具体可查看Oracle官方文档。