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  • Python字符串,元组、列表、字典

    1.字符串

    <string>.strip() 去掉两边空格及去指定字符

    <string>.split() 按指定字符分隔字符串为数组

    <string>.isdigit()判断是否为数字类型

     字符串操作集:http://www.cnpythoner.com/wiki/string.html

    tt=322

    tem='%d' %tt

    tem即为tt转换成的字符串

     字符串长度len(tt)

    import string
    f2 = string.atof(a1)

     

    列表转字符串:

     dst = '.'.join(list1)

    2.元组--不可更改的数据序列 

       被用圆括号包围()

    3.列表--

     []

    >>> living_room=("rug","chair")
    >>> living_room
    ('rug', 'chair')
    >>> apartment=[]
    >>> apartment.append(living_room)
    >>> apartment
    [('rug', 'chair')]
    >>> apartment.extend(living_room)
    >>> apartment
    [('rug', 'chair'), 'rug', 'chair']
    apartment.extend(living_room)将living_room中的每个元素都插入到调用它的列表中
    stop = [line.strip().decode('utf-8', 'ignore') for line in open('/home/xdj/chstop.txt').readlines()]
    
        outStr = ''
            for word in wordList:#
            if not word in stop:       #不在列表中
                    outStr += word
                    outStr += ' '
            fout.write(outStr.strip().encode('utf-8'))              #将分词好的结果写入到输出文件

    二维列表/数组 

    2d_list = [[0 for col in range(cols)] for row in range(rows)]

    其中cols, rows变量替换为你需要的数值即可

     

    4.字典--

    {}

    字典排序:http://www.cnblogs.com/kaituorensheng/archive/2012/08/07/2627386.html

    sorted(dic,value,reverse)

    • dic为比较函数,value 为排序的对象(这里指键或键值),
    • reverse:注明升序还是降序,True--降序,False--升序(默认)
    >>> a = {1:0.12, 2:0.012, 0:0.22}
    >>> a
    {0: 0.22, 1: 0.12, 2: 0.012}
    >>> a = sorted(a.iteritems(), key= lambda asd:asd[1],reverse = False)
    >>> a
    [(2, 0.012), (1, 0.12), (0, 0.22)]           #变成了list , 数据结构转变
    >>> a = sorted(a.iteritems(), key= lambda asd:asd[0])
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
    AttributeError: 'list' object has no attribute 'iteritems'
    >>> a[1]
    (1, 0.12)
    >>> a[0]
    (2, 0.012)
    >>> a[2]
    (0, 0.22)
    >>> a[0][0]
    2

     增加元素

    >>> a = {1:0.123}
    >>> a[2]=0.325   #方式一
    >>> a
    {1: 0.123, 2: 0.325}
    >>> a.setdefault(3,0.25) #方式二
    0.25
    >>> a
    {1: 0.123, 2: 0.325, 3: 0.25}

    >>> a[2]=0.999 区别:在原来基础上修改
    >>> a
    {1: 0.123, 2: 0.999, 3: 0.25}
    >>> a.setdefault(2,0.111) 保持原来键-值对
    0.999
    >>> a
    {1: 0.123, 2: 0.999, 3: 0.25}
    >>>


    5.集合set--互不相同的值

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/XDJjy/p/4970163.html
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