iOS: 如何获取ios设备的当前IP地址

有的时候，我们项目上线后，需要根据ip地址去统计不同地区的用户情况，此时IP地址的收取显得尤其重要，一般情况下，在用户登录时去获取用户的ip是准确的，当然实时追踪ip的变化而统计是更安全可靠的。

ip地址长度现在是有区别的，分为IPv4和IPv6.IPv4地址是类似 A.B.C.D 的格式，它是32位，用"."分成四段，用10进制表示；而IPv6地址类似X:X:X:X:X:X:X:X的格式，它是128位的，用":"分成8段，用16进制表示；可见，IPv6地址空间相对于IPv4地址有了极大的扩充。

IPv4是32位地址长度
IPv6是128位地址长度

 下面有两个方法，可供使用，如下：

方法一：使用一套C的方法去获取IP地址

IPAddress.h：声明文件

//
//  IPAddress.h
//  IP_Test
//
//  Created by 夏远全 on 16/7/15.
//  Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved.
//


#ifndef IPAddress_h
#define IPAddress_h

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/sockio.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <net/ethernet.h>

#define BUFFERSIZE  4000
#define MAXADDRS    32
#define min(a,b)    ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
#define max(a,b)    ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))

extern char *if_names[MAXADDRS];
extern char *ip_names[MAXADDRS];
extern char *hw_addrs[MAXADDRS];
extern unsigned long ip_addrs[MAXADDRS];

// Function prototypes
void InitAddresses();
void FreeAddresses();
void GetIPAddresses();
void GetHWAddresses();


#endif /* IPAddress_h */

IPAddress.c：实现文件

//
//  IPAddress.c
//  IP_Test
//
//  Created by 夏远全 on 16/7/15.
//  Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved.
//

#include "IPAddress.h"

char *if_names[MAXADDRS];
char *ip_names[MAXADDRS];
char *hw_addrs[MAXADDRS];
unsigned long ip_addrs[MAXADDRS];

static int   nextAddr = 0;

void InitAddresses()
{
    int i;
    for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i)
    {
        if_names[i] = ip_names[i] = hw_addrs[i] = NULL;
        ip_addrs[i] = 0;
    }
}

void FreeAddresses()
{
    int i;
    for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i)
    {
        if (if_names[i] != 0) free(if_names[i]);
        if (ip_names[i] != 0) free(ip_names[i]);
        if (hw_addrs[i] != 0) free(hw_addrs[i]);
        ip_addrs[i] = 0;
    }
    InitAddresses();
}

void GetIPAddresses()
{
    int                 i, len, flags;
    char                buffer[BUFFERSIZE], *ptr, lastname[IFNAMSIZ], *cptr;
    struct ifconf       ifc;
    struct ifreq        *ifr, ifrcopy;
    struct sockaddr_in  *sin;
    
    char temp[80];
    
    int sockfd;
    
    for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i)
    {
        if_names[i] = ip_names[i] = NULL;
        ip_addrs[i] = 0;
    }
    
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0)
    {
        perror("socket failed");
        return;
    }
    
    ifc.ifc_len = BUFFERSIZE;
    ifc.ifc_buf = buffer;
    
    if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFCONF, &ifc) < 0)
    {
        perror("ioctl error");
        return;
    }
    
    lastname[0] = 0;
    
    for (ptr = buffer; ptr < buffer + ifc.ifc_len; )
    {
        ifr = (struct ifreq *)ptr;
        len = max(sizeof(struct sockaddr), ifr->ifr_addr.sa_len);
        ptr += sizeof(ifr->ifr_name) + len;   // for next one in buffer
        
        if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family != AF_INET)
        {
            continue; // ignore if not desired address family
        }
        
        if ((cptr = (char *)strchr(ifr->ifr_name, ':')) != NULL)
        {
            *cptr = 0;        // replace colon will null
        }
        
        if (strncmp(lastname, ifr->ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ) == 0)
        {
            continue; /* already processed this interface */
        }
        
        memcpy(lastname, ifr->ifr_name, IFNAMSIZ);
        
        ifrcopy = *ifr;
        ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFFLAGS, &ifrcopy);
        flags = ifrcopy.ifr_flags;
        if ((flags & IFF_UP) == 0)
        {
            continue; // ignore if interface not up
        }
        
        if_names[nextAddr] = (char *)malloc(strlen(ifr->ifr_name)+1);
        if (if_names[nextAddr] == NULL)
        {
            return;
        }
        strcpy(if_names[nextAddr], ifr->ifr_name);
        
        sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ifr->ifr_addr;
        strcpy(temp, inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
        
        ip_names[nextAddr] = (char *)malloc(strlen(temp)+1);
        if (ip_names[nextAddr] == NULL)
        {
            return;
        }
        strcpy(ip_names[nextAddr], temp);
        
        ip_addrs[nextAddr] = sin->sin_addr.s_addr;
        
        ++nextAddr;
    }
    
    close(sockfd);
}

void GetHWAddresses()
{
    struct ifconf ifc;
    struct ifreq *ifr;
    int i, sockfd;
    char buffer[BUFFERSIZE], *cp, *cplim;
    char temp[80];
    
    for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i)
    {
        hw_addrs[i] = NULL;
    }
    
    sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
    if (sockfd < 0)
    {
        perror("socket failed");
        return;
    }
    
    ifc.ifc_len = BUFFERSIZE;
    ifc.ifc_buf = buffer;
    
    if (ioctl(sockfd, SIOCGIFCONF, (char *)&ifc) < 0)
    {
        perror("ioctl error");
        close(sockfd);
        return;
    }
    
    ifr = ifc.ifc_req;
    
    cplim = buffer + ifc.ifc_len;
    
    for (cp=buffer; cp < cplim; )
    {
        ifr = (struct ifreq *)cp;
        if (ifr->ifr_addr.sa_family == AF_LINK)
        {
            struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)&ifr->ifr_addr;
            int a,b,c,d,e,f;
            int i;
            
            strcpy(temp, (char *)ether_ntoa((const struct ether_addr *)LLADDR(sdl)));
            sscanf(temp, "%x:%x:%x:%x:%x:%x", &a, &b, &c, &d, &e, &f);
            sprintf(temp, "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",a,b,c,d,e,f);
            
            for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i)
            {
                if ((if_names[i] != NULL) && (strcmp(ifr->ifr_name, if_names[i]) == 0))
                {
                    if (hw_addrs[i] == NULL)
                    {
                        hw_addrs[i] = (char *)malloc(strlen(temp)+1);
                        strcpy(hw_addrs[i], temp);
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        cp += sizeof(ifr->ifr_name) + max(sizeof(ifr->ifr_addr), ifr->ifr_addr.sa_len);
    }
    close(sockfd);
}

将头文件导入ViewController.m中进行测试

//
//  ViewController.m
//  IP_Test
//
//  Created by mac on 16/7/15.
//  Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved.
//

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "IPAddress.h"

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    [self getIPAddress];
}

//获取ip地址
- (void)getIPAddress
{
    InitAddresses();
    GetIPAddresses();
    GetHWAddresses();
    
    int i;
//    NSString *deviceIP = nil;
    for (i=0; i<MAXADDRS; ++i)
    {
        static unsigned long localHost = 0x7F000001;            // 127.0.0.1
        unsigned long theAddr;
        
        theAddr = ip_addrs[i];
        
        if (theAddr == 0) break;
        if (theAddr == localHost) continue;
        
        NSLog(@"Name: %s MAC: %s IP: %s
", if_names[i], hw_addrs[i], ip_names[i]);
    }
}

@end

测试结果：

模拟器上连接wifi：

2016-07-15 16:19:49.187 IP_Test[5674:205359] Name: lo0  MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00  IP: 127.0.0.1
2016-07-15 16:19:49.187 IP_Test[5674:205359] Name: en1  MAC: BC:54:36:CC:9C:96  IP: 192.168.0.109

 iphone上：

　　连接wifi时:

2016-07-15 17:32:08.884 IP_Test[4813:2032752] Name: lo0  MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00  IP: 127.0.0.1
2016-07-15 17:32:08.885 IP_Test[4813:2032752] Name: pdp_ip0  MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:70  IP: 10.204.102.136
2016-07-15 17:32:08.885 IP_Test[4813:2032752] Name: en0  MAC: 02:00:00:00:00:00  IP: 192.168.0.111

　　使用4G时:

2016-07-15 17:32:44.163 IP_Test[4817:2033214] Name: lo0  MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:00  IP: 127.0.0.1
2016-07-15 17:32:44.164 IP_Test[4817:2033214] Name: pdp_ip0  MAC: 00:00:00:00:00:70  IP: 10.204.102.136

方法二：使用一套OC的方法去获取IP地址，该方法简单，能实时监测IP地址的变化

stackoverflow参考地址为：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7072989/iphone-ipad-how-to-get-my-ip-address-programmatically

//
//  ViewController.m
//  IP_Test
//
//  Created by 夏远全 on 16/7/15.
//  Copyright © 2016年 xiayuanquan. All rights reserved.
//

#import "ViewController.h"


#include <ifaddrs.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <net/if.h>

#define IOS_CELLULAR    @"pdp_ip0"
#define IOS_WIFI        @"en0"
#define IOS_VPN         @"utun0"
#define IP_ADDR_IPv4    @"ipv4"
#define IP_ADDR_IPv6    @"ipv6"


@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];

    NSLog(@"%@",[self getIPAddresses]);
}


- (NSString *)getIPAddress:(BOOL)preferIPv4
{
    NSArray *searchArray = preferIPv4 ?
    @[ IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6 ] :
    @[ IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_VPN @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_WIFI @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_CELLULAR @"/" IP_ADDR_IPv4 ] ;
    
    NSDictionary *addresses = [self getIPAddresses];
    NSLog(@"addresses: %@", addresses);
    
    __block NSString *address;
    [searchArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSString *key, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop)
     {
         address = addresses[key];
         if(address) *stop = YES;
     } ];
    return address ? address : @"0.0.0.0";
}
- (NSDictionary *)getIPAddresses
{
    NSMutableDictionary *addresses = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:8];
    
    // retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success
    struct ifaddrs *interfaces;
    if(!getifaddrs(&interfaces)) {
        // Loop through linked list of interfaces
        struct ifaddrs *interface;
        for(interface=interfaces; interface; interface=interface->ifa_next) {
            if(!(interface->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) /* || (interface->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) */ ) {
                continue; // deeply nested code harder to read
            }
            const struct sockaddr_in *addr = (const struct sockaddr_in*)interface->ifa_addr;
            char addrBuf[ MAX(INET_ADDRSTRLEN, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) ];
            if(addr && (addr->sin_family==AF_INET || addr->sin_family==AF_INET6)) {
                NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:interface->ifa_name];
                NSString *type;
                if(addr->sin_family == AF_INET) {
                    if(inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr->sin_addr, addrBuf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
                        type = IP_ADDR_IPv4;
                    }
                } else {
                    const struct sockaddr_in6 *addr6 = (const struct sockaddr_in6*)interface->ifa_addr;
                    if(inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr6->sin6_addr, addrBuf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) {
                        type = IP_ADDR_IPv6;
                    }
                }
                if(type) {
                    NSString *key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@", name, type];
                    addresses[key] = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:addrBuf];
                }
            }
        }
        // Free memory
        freeifaddrs(interfaces);
    }
    return [addresses count] ? addresses : nil;
}

@end

测试结果：

模拟器上连接wifi：

2016-07-15 16:23:35.864 IP_Test[5718:207702] {
    "awdl0/ipv6" = "fe80::e863:edff:fe93:a1c2";
    "en1/ipv4" = "192.168.0.109";
    "en1/ipv6" = "fe80::be54:36ff:fecc:9c96";
    "lo0/ipv4" = "127.0.0.1";
    "lo0/ipv6" = "fe80::1";
}
2016-07-15 17:24:12.877 IP_Test[4796:2028704] 0.0.0.0

iphone上：

　　连接wifi时:

2016-07-15 17:29:22.526 IP_Test[4807:2031207] addresses: {
    "awdl0/ipv6" = "fe80::6c6a:24ff:fe91:39f7";
    "en0/ipv4" = "192.168.0.111";
    "en0/ipv6" = "fe80::42d:42b4:82a7:3de8";
    "lo0/ipv4" = "127.0.0.1";
    "lo0/ipv6" = "fe80::1";
    "pdp_ip0/ipv4" = "10.204.102.136";
}
2016-07-15 17:29:22.527 IP_Test[4807:2031207] 192.168.0.111

　　使用4G时:

2016-07-15 17:24:12.875 IP_Test[4796:2028704] addresses: {
    "lo0/ipv4" = "127.0.0.1";
    "lo0/ipv6" = "fe80::1";
    "pdp_ip0/ipv4" = "10.204.102.136";
}
2016-07-15 17:24:12.877 IP_Test[4796:2028704] 10.204.102.136

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CocoaPods: pod 'IPTool','~> 1.0.0'

Github:https://github.com/xiayuanquan/IP_Test