spider_使用ip代理

"""
使用ip代理进行网站访问,(反封禁ip手段)
"""
from urllib import request
import chardet


class BaiDu(object):
    def baidu(self):
        url = "https://www.baidu.com/"
        headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:67.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/67.0"
        }

        # 1.使用代理ip,构建字典
        proxy = {"http": "182.34.32.54:39219"}
        # 2.构建代处理器
        proxyHandler = request.ProxyHandler(proxy)
        # 3. 构建一个url打开器
        opener = request.build_opener(proxyHandler)
        # 4.安装url打开器
        request.install_opener(opener)


        # 声明请求对象的时候 注入请求头 修改User-Agent(身份)
        req = request.Request(url, headers=headers)
        # 获取二进制流  网页源代码
        bytesHtml = request.urlopen(req).read()
        # 判断网页编码格式,返回一个字典
        htmlEncode = chardet.detect(bytesHtml)
        # 进行解码,返回一个字符串类型的文本
        html = bytesHtml.decode(htmlEncode["encoding"])
        print(html)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    bd = BaiDu()
    bd.baidu()