django的如何创建一个小例子-3

1.管理数据表

（1)修改admin.py文件

from .models import Grades,Students
#注册
admin.site.register(Grades)
admin.site.register(Students)

(2)自定义管理页面

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.在这里注册你的模型
from .models import Grades,Students
#注册
class GradesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    #列表页的属性
    list_display = ['pk','gname','gdate','ggirlnum','gboynum','isDelete']#显示字段
    list_filter = ['gname']#过滤字段
    search_fields = ['gname']#搜索字段
    list_per_page = 5#分页
    #添加页、修改页属性
    #fields = ['ggirlnum','gboynum','gname','gdate','isDelete']#规定属性的先后顺序
    fieldsets = [
        ("num",{"fields":['ggirlnum','gboynum']}),
        ("base", {"fields": ['gname','gdate','isDelete']}),
    ]#给属性分组
   #fields和fieldsets两个属性不可以同时使用
admin.site.register(Grades,GradesAdmin)
admin.site.register(Students)

 关联对象要求：在创建一个班级的时候可以直接添加几个学生

from .models import Grades,Students
#注册
#添加关联对象
 4 class StudentsInfo(admin.TabularInline):     #StackedInline可以替换TabularInline区别是添加页面排版不同

5 model = Students#添加学生个人信息 6 extra = 2#添加两个  7 class GradesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):  8 inlines = [StudentsInfo]#与学生关联  9 #列表页的属性 10 list_display = ['pk','gname','gdate','ggirlnum','gboynum','isDelete']#显示字段 11 list_filter = ['gname']#过滤字段 12 search_fields = ['gname']#搜索字段

运行如图所示：

 布尔值显示问题

class StudentsAdim(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def gender(self):#把布尔值显示为文字
        if self.sgender:
            return "男"
        else:
            return "女"
    #设置页面列的名称
    gender.short_description = "性别"

      list_display = ['pk','sname','sage',gender,'scontend','sgrade','isDelete']

执行动作位置问题

class StudentsAdim(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def gender(self):#把布尔值显示为文字
        if self.sgender:
            return "男"
        else:
            return "女"
    #设置页面列的名称
    gender.short_description = "性别"

    list_display = ['pk','sname','sage',gender,'scontend','sgrade','isDelete']
    list_per_page = 10
    #执行动作的位置
    actions_on_top = False
14     actions_on_bottom = True
admin.site.register(Students,StudentsAdim)

补充此时admin.py中的完整代码为

from django.contrib import admin

# Register your models here.在这里注册你的模型
from .models import Grades,Students
#注册
#添加关联对象
class StudentsInfo(admin.TabularInline):
    model = Students#添加学生个人信息
    extra = 2#添加两个
class GradesAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [StudentsInfo]#与学生关联
    #列表页的属性
    list_display = ['pk','gname','gdate','ggirlnum','gboynum','isDelete']#显示字段
    list_filter = ['gname']#过滤字段
    search_fields = ['gname']#搜索字段
    list_per_page = 5#分页
    #添加页、修改页属性
    #fields = ['ggirlnum','gboynum','gname','gdate','isDelete']#规定属性的先后顺序
    fieldsets = [
        ("num",{"fields":['ggirlnum','gboynum']}),
        ("base", {"fields": ['gname','gdate','isDelete']}),
    ]#给属性分组
   #fields和fieldsets两个属性不可以同时使用
admin.site.register(Grades,GradesAdmin)

class StudentsAdim(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def gender(self):#把布尔值显示为文字
        if self.sgender:
            return "男"
        else:
            return "女"
    #设置页面列的名称
    gender.short_description = "性别"

    list_display = ['pk','sname','sage',gender,'scontend','sgrade','isDelete']
    list_per_page = 10
    #执行动作的位置
    actions_on_top = False
    actions_on_bottom = True
admin.site.register(Students,StudentsAdim)

使用装饰器完成注册

@admin.register(Students)
class StudentsAdim(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def gender(self):#把布尔值显示为文字
        if self.sgender:
            return "男"
        else:
            return "女"
    #设置页面列的名称
    gender.short_description = "性别"

    list_display = ['pk','sname','sage',gender,'scontend','sgrade','isDelete']
    list_per_page = 10
    #执行动作的位置
    actions_on_top = False
    actions_on_bottom = True
#admin.site.register(Students,StudentsAdim)

2.视图的基本使用

定义视图在view.py中写

from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("sunck si a good man")

配置url

修改project目录下的url.py文件

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path,include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path(r'',include('myApp.urls')),

]

在myApp应用目录下创建一个url.py文件

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$',views.index)
]

view.py

from django.http import HttpResponse
def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("sunck si a good man")
def detail(request,num,num2):
    return  HttpResponse("detail-%s-%s"%(num,num2))

url.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$',views.index),#可以匹配http://127.0.0.1:8000/
    url(r'^(d+)/(d+)/$',views.detail)#可以匹配http://127.0.0.1:8000/数字/数字/
]

3.模板的使用

模板是HTML页面，可以根据视图中传递过来的数据进行填充

创建模板

        创建templates目录，在目录下创建对应项目的模板目录（project/templates/myApp）

配置模板路径

修改settings.py文件

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
       'OPTIONS': {

在templates/myApp下创建两个html模板即grades.html和students.html

 模板语法：

            {{输出值，可以是变量，也可以是对象，属性}}

            {%执行代码段%}

用 http://127.0.0.1:8000/grades打开写模板文件

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>班级信息</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>班级信息列表</h1>
 9    <u1>
10        <!--[python04,python05,python06]-->
11        {%for grade in grades%}
12        <li>
13               <a href="="#>{{grade.gname}}</a>
14        </li>
15        {%endfor%}
16    </u1>
</body>
</html>