c++程序实例

设计一个用于人事管理的People（人员）类。考虑到通用性，这里只抽象出所有类型人员都具有的属性：number(编号)、sex(性别)、birthday(出生日期)、id(身份证号)等等。其中“出生日期”定义为一个“日期”类内嵌子对象。用成员函数实现对人员信息的录入和显示。要求包括：构造函数和析构函数、拷贝构造函数、内联成员函数。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Brithday
{
private:
    int year;
    int moon;
    int day;
public:
    Brithday(int year, int moon, int day)
    {
        this->year = year;
        this->moon = moon;
        this->day = day;
    }
    ~Brithday()
    {
        cout << "Brithday 析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    int getYear()
    {
        return year;
    }
    int getMoon()
    {
        return moon;
    }
    int getDay()
    {
        return day;
    }
};
class People
{
private:
    string number;
    string sex;
    Brithday brithday;
    string id;
public:
    People(string number, string sex, int year,int moon,int day, string id)
        :brithday(year,moon,day)
    {
        this->number = number;
        this->sex = sex;
        this->id = id;
    }
    People(People & p1)
        :brithday(p1.brithday.getYear(), p1.brithday.getMoon(), p1.brithday.getDay())
    {
        this->number = p1.number;
        this->sex = p1.sex;
        this->id = p1.id;
    }
    ~People()
    {
        cout << "People 成员析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    void display();
};
inline void People::display()
{
    cout << "Peolpe 成员数据输出：" << endl;
    cout << number << " " << sex << " " << brithday.getYear() << " 年" << brithday.getMoon()<< "月" << brithday.getDay() << "日 " << id << endl;
}

int main()
{
    People p1("159074277", "男", 1997, 2, 4, "452316735216753251");
    p1.display();
    People p2(p1);
    p2.display();
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

实验中People（人员）类。具有的属性如下：姓名char name[11]、 编号char number[7]、性别 char sex[3]、生日 birthday、身份证号 char id[16]。其中“出生日期”定义为一个“日期”类内嵌对象。用成员函数实现对人员信息的录入和显示。要求包括：构造函数和析构函、拷贝构造函数、内联成员函数、聚集。在测试程序中定义 people类的对象数组，录入数据并显示。

//个人认为在C++中使用string比char方便，所以用的是string

people（人员）类派生出student(学生)类，添加属性：班号char classNo[7];从people类派生出teacher（教师）类，添加属性：职务char principalship[11]、部门char department[21]。从student类派生出graduate（研究生）类，添加属性：专业char subject[21]、导师teacher adviser;从graduate类和teacher类派出TA（助教生）类，注意虚基类的使用。重载相应的成员函数，测试这些类。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
 
class Brithday
{
public:
       int year;
       int moon;
       int day;
public:
       Brithday(int year, int moon, int day)
       {
              this->year = year;
              this->moon = moon;
              this->day = day;
       }
       ~Brithday()
       {
              cout << "Brithday 析构函数输出" << endl;
       }
       int getYear()
       {
              return year;
       }
       int getMoon()
       {
              return moon;
       }
       int getDay()
       {
              return day;
       }
};
 
class People
{
public:
       string number;
       string sex;
       Brithday brithday;
       string id;
public:
       People(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id)
              :brithday(year, moon, day)
       {
              this->number = number;
              this->sex = sex;
              this->id = id;
              cout << "People 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       People(People & p1)
              :brithday(p1.brithday.getYear(), p1.brithday.getMoon(), p1.brithday.getDay())
       {
              this->number = p1.number;
              this->sex = p1.sex;
              this->id = p1.id;
              cout << "People 拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       ~People()
       {
              cout << "People 成员析构函数输出" << endl;
       }
       void display();
};
inline void People::display()
{
       cout << "成员数据输出：" << endl;
       cout << "    "<<number << " " << sex << " " << brithday.getYear() << "年" << brithday.getMoon() << "月" << brithday.getDay() << "日 " <<"id:"<< id << " ";
}
 
 
class Student :virtual public People
{
private:
       string classNO;
public:
       Student() :People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
       { 
              classNO = "空";
              cout << "Student 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       Student(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string classno) :
              People(number, sex, year, moon, day, id){
              classNO = classno;
              cout << "Student 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       Student(People p, string classno) :
              People(p){
              classNO = classno;
              cout << "Student people类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       ~Student()
       {
              cout << "Student 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       void display();
};
inline void Student::display()
{
       People::display();
       cout << "classNO:" << classNO <<" ";
}
 
class Teacher :virtual public People
{
private:
       string principalship;
       string department;
public:
       Teacher() :People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
       {
              principalship = "空";
              department = "空";
              cout << "Teacher 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       Teacher(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string principalship,string department) :
              People(number, sex, year, moon, day, id){
              this->principalship = principalship;
              this->department = department;
              cout << "Teacher 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       Teacher(People p, string principalship, string department) :
              People(p){
              this->principalship = principalship;
              this->department = department;
              cout << "Teacher people类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       ~Teacher()
       {
              cout << "Teacher 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       void display(int i);
};
inline void Teacher::display(int i = 0)
{
       if (i != 1)
            People::display();
       cout << "principalship:" << principalship << " department:" << department<<" ";
}
 
class Graduate :public Student
{
private:
       string subject;
       string teacher_adviser;
public:
       Graduate() :Student("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空","空"),
              People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
       {
              subject = "空";
              teacher_adviser = "空";
              cout << "Graduate 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       Graduate(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string classno, string subject, string teacher_adviser) :
              Student(number, sex, year, moon, day, id, classno), People(number, sex, year, moon, day, id)
       {
              this->subject = subject;
              this->teacher_adviser = teacher_adviser;
              cout << "Graduate 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       Graduate(Student p, string subject, string teacher_adviser) :
              Student(p),People(p.number, p.sex, p.brithday.year, p.brithday.moon, p.brithday.day, p.id){
              this->subject = subject;
              this->teacher_adviser = teacher_adviser;
              cout << "Graduate Student 类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       ~Graduate()
       {
              cout << "Graduate 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       void display();
 
};
inline void Graduate::display()
{
       Student::display();
       cout << "subject:" << subject << " teacher_adviser:" << teacher_adviser<<" ";
}
 
class TA :public Teacher, public Graduate
{
public:
       TA() :Graduate("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空", "空","空","空"),
              Teacher("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空", "空", "空"),
              People("空", "空", 0000, 0, 0, "空")
       {
              cout << "TA 缺省构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       TA(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id, string classno, string subject, string teacher_adviser, string principalship, string department) :
              Graduate(number, sex, year, moon, day, id, classno, subject,teacher_adviser),
              Teacher(number, sex, year, moon, day, id, principalship, department)
              ,People(number, sex,year,brithday.moon, day, id)
       {
              cout << "TA 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       TA(Graduate G,Teacher T) :
              Graduate(G), Teacher(T), People(G.number, G.sex, G.brithday.year, G.brithday.moon, G.brithday.day, G.id)
       {
              cout << "TA Graduate ,Teacher 类的拷贝构造函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       ~TA()
       {
              cout << "TA 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
       }
       void display();
};
inline void TA::display()
{
       Graduate::display();
       Teacher::display(1);
}
int main()
{
       People p1("159074277", "男", 1997, 2, 4, "452316735216753251");
       cout << "    People p1";  p1.display();  cout << "
";
       People p2(p1);
       cout << "    People p2";  p2.display();  cout << "
";
       Student S1(p1, "1213");
       cout << "    Student S1";  S1.display();  cout << "
";
       Teacher T1(p2, "English Teacher", " English"); 
       cout << "    Teacher T1"; T1.display();  cout << "
";
       Teacher T2;
       Graduate G1(S1, "mach","zhangsan");
       cout << "    Graduate G1";  G1.display();  cout << "
";
       TA TA1(G1, T2);
       cout << "    TA TA1";  TA1.display();  cout << "
";
       system("pause");
       return 0;
}

People类重载“= =”运算符和“=”运算符，“= =”运算符判断两个People类对象的id属性是否相等；“=”运算符实现People类对象的赋值操作。

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Brithday
{
private:
    int year;
    int moon;
    int day;
public:
    Brithday(int year, int moon, int day)
    {
        this->year = year;
        this->moon = moon;
        this->day = day;
    }
    ~Brithday()
    {
        cout << "Brithday 析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    int getYear()
    {
        return year;
    }
    int getMoon()
    {
        return moon;
    }
    int getDay()
    {
        return day;
    }
};
class People
{
private:
    string number;
    string sex;
    Brithday brithday;
    string id;
public:
    People()
        :brithday(0000, 00, 00)
    {
        this->number = "空";
        this->sex = "空";
        this->id = "空";
    }
    People(string number, string sex, int year, int moon, int day, string id)
        :brithday(year, moon, day)
    {
        this->number = number;
        this->sex = sex;
        this->id = id;
    }
    People(People & p1)
        :brithday(p1.brithday.getYear(), p1.brithday.getMoon(), p1.brithday.getDay())
    {
        this->number = p1.number;
        this->sex = p1.sex;
        this->id = p1.id;
    }
    ~People()
    {
        cout << "People 成员析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    void display();
    friend bool operator ==(People &p1, People &p2)
    {
        bool k;
        if (p1.id == p2.id)
            k = 1;
        else
            k = 0;
            return k;
    }
    People& operator =(People &p)
    {
        this->brithday = p.brithday;
        this->number = p.number;
        this->sex = p.sex;
        this->id = p.id;    
        return *this;
    }
};
inline void People::display()
{
    cout << "Peolpe 成员数据输出：" << endl;
    cout << number << " " << sex << " " << brithday.getYear() << " 年" << brithday.getMoon() << "月" << brithday.getDay() << "日 " << id << endl;
}

int main()
{
    People p1("159074277", "男", 1997, 2, 4, "452316735216753251");
    p1.display();
    People p2("159074275", "女",1996, 12 ,5, "452316735216753251");
    p2.display();
    if (p1 == p2)
        cout << "p1 = p2" << endl;
    p1 = p2;
    p1.display();
    system("pause");
    return 0;

}

*****************************************************************************************************************

编写程序定义一个车(vehicle)基类，有Run、Stop等成员函数，由此派生出自行车(bicycle)类、汽车类（motorcar），从bicycle类和motorcar类派生出摩托车类（motorcycle），它们都有Run、Stop等成员函数。在main()函数中定义vehicle、bicycle、motorcar、motorcycle的对象，调用其Run()、Stop()函数，观察其执行情况。再分别用vehicle类型的指针来调用几个对象的成员函数，看看能否成功；把Run、Stop定义为虚函数，再试看。程序名：lab8_2.cpp。

#include<iostream>
#include<stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

class  Vehicle
{
private:
    double MaxSpeed;
    double Weight;
public:
    Vehicle(double maxspeed, double weight)
    {
        this->MaxSpeed = maxspeed;
        this->Weight = weight;
        cout << "Vehicle 构造函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
    ~Vehicle()
    {
        cout << "Vehicle 析构函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
    virtual void Run()
    {
        cout << "Vehicle Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
    virtual void Stop()
    {
        cout << "Vehicle Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
};
class Bicycle : virtual public Vehicle
{
private:
    double Height;
public:
    Bicycle(double maxspeed, double weight, double height)
        :Vehicle(maxspeed, weight)
    {
        this->Height = height;
        cout << "Bicycle 构造函数输出" << endl;
    }
    ~Bicycle()
    {
        cout << "Bicycle 析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    void Run()
    {
        cout << "Bicycle Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
    void Stop()
    {
        cout << "Bicycle Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }

};
class Motorcar : virtual public Vehicle
{
private:
    int SeatNum;
public:
    Motorcar(double maxspeed, double weight, double seatnum)
        :Vehicle(maxspeed, weight)
    {
        this->SeatNum = seatnum;
        cout << "Motorcar 构造函数输出" << endl;
    }
    ~Motorcar()
    {
        cout << "Motorcar 析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    //other 函数，待定
    void Run()
    {
        cout << "Motorcar Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
    void Stop()
    {
        cout << "Motorcar Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
};

class Motorcycle :public Motorcar, public Bicycle
{
public:
    Motorcycle(double maxspeed, double weight, double height, double seatnum)
        :Vehicle(maxspeed, weight), Bicycle(maxspeed, weight, height),
        Motorcar(maxspeed, weight, seatnum)
    {
        cout << "Motorcycle 构造函数输出" << endl;
    }
    ~Motorcycle()
    {
        cout << "Motorcycle 析构函数输出" << endl;
    }
    //other 函数，待定
    void Run()
    {
        cout << "Motorcycle Run() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
    void Stop()
    {
        cout << "Motorcycle Stop() 函数调用成功" << endl;
    }
};


int main(void)
{
    Motorcycle *a = new Motorcycle(1, 2, 3, 4);
    Vehicle *v;
    Bicycle *b;
    Motorcar *m;
    a->Run(),a->Stop();
    v = a;
    v->Run(),v->Stop();
    b = a;
    b->Run(),b->Stop();
    m = a;
    m->Run(),m->Stop();
    delete(a); 
    a = NULL; 
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}