下载
下载地址：https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
下载完成之后将文件传输到/opt目录里面。
1，直接拖拽文件到/opt 2,rz命令 没装lrzsz安装包，则无法使用rz和sz命令： yum install -y lrzsz
解压
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
移动并重命名
mv mysql-5.7.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
创建MySQL用户组和用户并修改权限
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
创建数据目录并赋予权限
mkdir -p /data/mysql #创建目录
chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql #赋予权限
配置my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
内容
[mysqld] bind-address=0.0.0.0 port=3306 user=mysql basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql socket=/tmp/mysql.sock log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid #character config character_set_server=utf8mb4 symbolic-links=0 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
初始化数据库
进入mysql的bin目录
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
初始化
./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize
如果有如下报错：
./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
是缺少文件：
yum -y install numactl
如果出现如下错误：
[ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
进行如下处理：
因为我们/etc/my.cnf中datadir=/data/mysql这样配置的，且报的错是mysql中的data目录已经有数据了。因此我们cd / /data/mysql [root@VM_0_8_centos mysql]# ll total 110656 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 56 Mar 19 22:23 auto.cnf -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1676 Mar 19 22:23 ca-key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1112 Mar 19 22:23 ca.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1112 Mar 19 22:23 client-cert.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1680 Mar 19 22:23 client-key.pem -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 185 Mar 19 22:44 ib_buffer_pool -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Mar 19 22:44 ibdata1 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Mar 19 22:44 ib_logfile0 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Mar 19 22:17 ib_logfile1 -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 23540 Mar 19 22:44 mysql.err -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1680 Mar 19 22:23 private_key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 452 Mar 19 22:23 public_key.pem -rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 1112 Mar 19 22:23 server-cert.pem -rw------- 1 mysql mysql 1676 Mar 19 22:23 server-key.pem 确实有数据 因此我们要么直接删掉/data里面的mysql文件夹，要么配分一下 cd /data mv mysql/ mysql.bak
再次初始化
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/mysql/ --user=mysql --initialize
这样就不会报错了！
查看密码
[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# cat /data/mysql/mysql.err 2020-03-19T14:50:13.279609Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2020-03-19T14:50:13.418087Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2020-03-19T14:50:13.492982Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f06c7917-69f0-11ea-a39f-525400074b77. 2020-03-19T14:50:13.496862Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2020-03-19T14:50:13.843658Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2020-03-19T14:50:14.412825Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: TvWyskDcM3=l
启动MySQL
先将mysql.server放置到/etc/init.d/mysql中
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
启动命令
[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
如果出现如下错误：
[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# cat /data/mysql/mysql.err
cat: /data/mysql/mysql.err: No such file or directory
创建数据目录并赋予权限这里没有赋权成功，需要重新赋权。
查看进程
[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# ps -ef|grep mysql root 4625 1 0 22:51 pts/0 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid mysql 4852 4625 0 22:51 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/mysql.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306 root 6352 27089 0 23:02 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
到这里，说明MySQL已经安装成功。
修改密码
登录MySQL
[root@VM_0_8_centos bin]# ./mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.29
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
再执行下面三步操作，然后重新登录：
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql>
这时候你如果使用远程连接……你会发现你无法连接
这里主要执行下面三个命令(先登录数据库)：
use mysql #访问mysql库 update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; #使root能再任何host访问 FLUSH PRIVILEGES; #刷新
mysql> use mysql #访问mysql库 Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root'; #使root能再任何host访问 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; #刷新 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
接下来配置软链接：
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
这样在任何目录下都可以登录MySQL了。
感谢https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37598011/article/details/93489404
我是根据这篇博客安装的，一遍成功。但是在初始化的时候一直出错，出错没关系，不需要重新安装，只需要根据报的错进行相应处理，这个过程肯定要去百度的。
结束！