用rpm包在centos6.6安装mysql-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64

一，准备工作。

查看系统版本：

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.4.1708 (Core) 
[root@localhost ~]#

mysql的rpm包下载地址

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

下载，mysql-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 大小520.5M

卸载CentOS7.4系统自带的mariadb

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
rpm -e --nodeps mysql-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
[root@test01 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.73-8.el6_8.x86_64
[root@test01 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mysql
[root@test01 ~]# cd /etc
[root@test01 etc]# ll |grep my.cnf
[root@test01 etc]# cat my.cnf
cat: my.cnf: 没有那个文件或目录

解压

[root@localhost mysql]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
[root@test01 mysql]# ll
总用量 965308
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  494233600 5月  14 13:19 mysql-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  27089920 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415    379072 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   4048564 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-devel-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415  39677684 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 137631960 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   2643576 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415   1761600 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 171445040 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 7155 31415 109539700 12月 19 03:12 mysql-community-test-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

依次安装：

mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、
mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、
mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm、
mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

安装common

[root@test01 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:mysql-community-common ########################################### [100%]

安装libs

[root@test01 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:mysql-community-libs   ########################################### [100%]

安装client

[root@test01 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:mysql-community-client ########################################### [100%]

安装server

[root@test01 mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm 
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.29-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:mysql-community-server ########################################### [100%]

直接启动服务或初始化都会无法正常启动MySQL，错误如下

[root@test01 mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
2020-05-15T09:47:59.588585Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-05-15T09:47:59.591022Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2020-05-15T09:47:59.591066Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

[root@test01 mysql]# service mysqld start
初始化 MySQL 数据库： 2020-05-15T09:48:21.877088Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-05-15T09:48:21.879595Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2020-05-15T09:48:21.879633Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting

                                                           [失败]
原因就是：安装完所有的程序后，系统会自带一个数据文件，如下：

[root@test01 ~]# cd /etc
[root@test01 etc]# cat my.cnf

......

......
datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

 

删除系统自带的/var/lib/mysql目录下的所有数据文件

[root@test01 mysql]# rm -rf *

 

 查看防火墙端口，初始化MySQL

[root@test01 mysql]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

启动mysql服务

service mysqld start

设置数据库日志过期天数为14天

获取mysql的root用户的初始密码

[root@localhost ~]# grep 'password' /var/log/mysqld.log 
2020-01-14T01:09:01.515663Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: vx*biwua,8/Q
[root@localhost ~]# 

以获取mysql的root用户的初始密码登录数据库

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.29

修改root密码

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '12345678';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

使密码即时生效

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

允许以root身份远程登录mysql

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '12345678' WITH GRANT OPTION;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

修改mysql的字符集为utf8
编辑文件/etc/my.conf，设置字符集为utf8

vi /etc/my.cnf

重起mysql服务

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart mysqld.service
[root@localhost ~]#