配置log4j2日志报错 Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'

问题

在配置log4j2的时候，在resources目录下添加了log4j2.xml，前两行的内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN">

项目启动后报错500，报错信息如下：
javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception

org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 30; cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'.

org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)

HTTP Status 500 - Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception
type Exception report

message Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception

description The server encountered an internal error that prevented it from fulfilling this request.

exception

javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet.init() for servlet springmvc threw exception
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:620)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:502)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1132)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:684)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2527)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2516)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
root cause

org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionStoreException: Line 2 in XML document from file [E:WorkspacesGitYonyougate	argetgate-0.1-SNAPSHOTWEB-INFclasseslog4j2.xml] is invalid; nested exception is org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 30; cvc-elt.1.a: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'.
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:405)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:337)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:305)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:224)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:195)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:637)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:716)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:591)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:620)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:502)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1132)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:684)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2527)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2516)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
root cause

org.xml.sax.SAXParseException; lineNumber: 2; columnNumber: 30; cvc-elt.1.a: Cannot find the declaration of element 'Configuration'.
    org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.createSAXParseException(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.util.ErrorHandlerWrapper.error(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLErrorReporter.reportError(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.handleStartElement(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.xs.XMLSchemaValidator.startElement(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl.scanStartElement(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLNSDocumentScannerImpl$NSContentDispatcher.scanRootElementHook(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl$FragmentContentDispatcher.dispatch(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.impl.XMLDocumentFragmentScannerImpl.scanDocument(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.XML11Configuration.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.XMLParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.parsers.DOMParser.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.apache.xerces.jaxp.DocumentBuilderImpl.parse(Unknown Source)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultDocumentLoader.loadDocument(DefaultDocumentLoader.java:77)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadDocument(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:435)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:393)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:337)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:305)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:188)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:224)
    org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:195)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:125)
    org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:94)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:133)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:637)
    org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:522)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:716)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:591)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
    org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
    javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79)
    org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:620)
    org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:502)
    org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1132)
    org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:684)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(AprEndpoint.java:2527)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.net.AprEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(AprEndpoint.java:2516)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
    java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
    org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
    java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
note The full stack trace of the root cause is available in the Apache Tomcat/8.0.47 logs.

走的弯路

搜索网上资料，绝大部分的都是报错【spring cvc-elt.1: Cannot find the declaration of element 'beans'】

解决办法也都是，在xml的头文件中使用，把xsd文件的引用全部改为本地文件

比如把

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
　　https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
　　https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"

改成：

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
　　classpath:/org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans.xsd
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
　　classpath:/org/springframework/context/config/spring-context.xsd
　　http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
　　classpath:/org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc.xsd"

但是对于我来说并没有效果

最终解决

后来经过各种调整后发现，log4j2.xml配置的日志已经生效了，对应目录下会打印日志，但是启动后仍然报错。只要把log4j2.xml配置文件给删除掉，项目就可以正常运行。

由此出发，再看日志，它是把 Configuration 当做了一个bean来对待了，但是它并不是一个bean

最终解决，web.xml 里 修改。原来是：

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:*.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

改成下面就好了，DispatcherServlet读取的时候，不读log4j.xml

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:spring.xml;classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>

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