最近由于项目需要，需要jar项目来处理。
我在项目中整合了Spring，在编辑器中启动没有问题，但是使用ant打包为一个完整jar文件，部署后启动报错如下
org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://www.springframework.org/schema/context]
关于这个问题网上说有很多原因：
1、比如spring版本不统一
2、缺少spring依赖 http://www.baeldung.com/unable-to-locate-spring-namespacehandler-for-xml-schema-namespace
但是都不是我遇到的情况。
最后，有大神说：功夫不负有心人，在仔细地对比和排查原因之后，发现了问题的所在，在我的jar包下的META-INF目录下，有两个跟spring相关的文件：spring.handlers、spring.schemas，打开这两个文件一看，里面都只包含了spring-tx的配置
spring.handlers
和我的情况很吻合。
spring.handlers:
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc=org.springframework.web.servlet.config.MvcNamespaceHandler
spring.schemas:
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
诸如类似吧，反正里面没有spring-context包对应的spring.handlers和spring.schemas。当然会报错。
解决方案：
maven：
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> <version> 1.7.1</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <goal>shade</goal> </goals> <configuration> <transformers> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/spring.handlers</resource> </transformer> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer"> <resource>META-INF/spring.schemas</resource> </transformer> <transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"> <mainClass>com.chenzhou.test.Main</mainClass> </transformer> </transformers> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
其中两个AppendingTransformer，主要是把spring.handlers和spring.schemas以追加的方式构建到jar文件中。防止因为工程中依赖了多个spring文件，而后面的META-INF/spring.handlers和META-INF/spring.schemas会把前面的覆盖掉。导致错误。
参考大神文章：
http://chenzhou123520.iteye.com/blog/1971322
http://chenzhou123520.iteye.com/blog/1706242
ant：
由于ant的使用地方不是太多了，我也不太熟悉，没有找到完整的配置。我提供一些参考文章
我们的项目用的也是ant，暂时的解决方案是，不把spring的包打包进runnable.jar中，而是把spring-*.jar与runnable.jar放入同级目录，这样spring启动的时候会自动识别，虽然暂时解决了问题，但是不太优雅，如果各位大神有什么更优雅的解决方案，望不吝赐教！
问题和方案就写到这里，整理一下，放假回家过年。各位，狗年大吉。
-- 2018年4月3日 追加自己整理的全套handlers和schemas
spring.handlers
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop=org.springframework.aop.config.AopNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/c=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.SimpleConstructorNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/p=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.SimplePropertyNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.UtilNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context=org.springframework.context.config.ContextNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee=org.springframework.ejb.config.JeeNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang=org.springframework.scripting.config.LangNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task=org.springframework.scheduling.config.TaskNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache=org.springframework.cache.config.CacheNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc=org.springframework.jdbc.config.JdbcNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx=org.springframework.transaction.config.TxNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc=org.springframework.web.servlet.config.MvcNamespaceHandler
spring.schemas
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tool/spring-tool.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-tool-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang/spring-lang.xsd=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache.xsd=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-2.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
spring.factories
org.springframework.beans.BeanInfoFactory=org.springframework.beans.ExtendedBeanInfoFactory
# Default TestExecutionListeners for the Spring TestContext Framework
#
org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListener =
org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener,
org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextBeforeModesTestExecutionListener,
org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener,
org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener,
org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener,
org.springframework.test.context.jdbc.SqlScriptsTestExecutionListener
spring.tooling
# Tooling related information for the aop namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop@name=aop Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop@prefix=aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop@icon=org/springframework/aop/config/spring-aop.gif
# Tooling related information for the beans namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans@name=beans Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans@prefix=beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans@icon=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans.gif
# Tooling related information for the util namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util@name=util Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util@prefix=util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util@icon=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-util.gif
# Tooling related information for the context namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context@name=context Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context@prefix=context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context@icon=org/springframework/context/config/spring-context.gif
# Tooling related information for the jee namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee@name=jee Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee@prefix=jee
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee@icon=org/springframework/ejb/config/spring-jee.gif
# Tooling related information for the scheduling namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task@name=task Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task@prefix=task
http://www.springframework.org/schema/task@icon=org/springframework/scheduling/config/spring-task.gif
# Tooling related information for the lang namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang@name=lang Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang@prefix=lang
http://www.springframework.org/schema/lang@icon=org/springframework/scripting/config/spring-lang.gif
# Tooling related information for the cache namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache@name=cache Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache@prefix=cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache@icon=org/springframework/cache/config/spring-cache.gif
# Tooling related information for the jdbc namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc@name=jdbc Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc@prefix=jdbc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc@icon=org/springframework/jdbc/config/spring-jdbc.gif
# Tooling related information for the tx namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx@name=tx Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx@prefix=tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx@icon=org/springframework/transaction/config/spring-tx.gif
# Tooling related information for the mvc namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc@name=mvc Namespace
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc@prefix=mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc@icon=org/springframework/web/servlet/config/spring-mvc.gif