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  • python3.7字符串基本函数

    1.字符串的转化(str()):

    1 n = 190
    2 s1 = str(n)
    3 print(type(s1),s1)
    结果:
    <class 'str'> 190

    2.首字母大写(capitalize())

    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.capitalize()
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 Ailadi

     

    3.字符串全变小写(casefold())

    1 n = "aiLadi"
    2 s1 = n.casefold()
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 ailadi

    4.输出字符串的长度及填充

      a.  center( 长度,填充字符 ):将字符放在中间

    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.center(20,'#')
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 #######ailadi#######

      b.  rjust( 长度,填充字符 ):将字符放在右边

    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.rjust(20,'#')
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 ##############ailadi

      c.  ljust( 长度,填充字符 ):将字符放在左边

    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.ljust(20,'#')
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 ailadi##############

    5.计算字符出现次数(count(sub,__start,__end))

    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.count('i',1,4)
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 1
    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.count('il',1,4)
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 1

    6.对比字符串最后结尾返回bool值(endswith(sub,__start,__end))

    n = "ailadi"
    s1 = n.endswith('i')
    print(s1)
    结果:
    True
    
    n = "ailadi"
    s1 = n.endswith('s')
    print(s1)
    结果:
    False
    
    n = "ailadi"
    s1 = n.endswith('l',0,3)
    print(s1)
    结果:
    True

    7.对比字符串开始字符返回bool值(startswith(sub,__start,__end))

    8.expandtabs用法(expandtabs(n))

     1 n = "aaaaaaaaaaaaa	aaaaaaaaaaaaa"
     2 s1 = n.expandtabs(10)
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 aaaaaaaaaaaaa       aaaaaaaaaaaaa
     6 
     7 n = "ail	adi
    ail	adi
    ail	adi
    ail	adi
    ail	adi
    "
     8 s1 = n.expandtabs(10)
     9 print(s1)
    10 结果:
    11 ail       adi
    12 ail       adi
    13 ail       adi
    14 ail       adi
    15 ail       adi

    9.寻找子序列,找到第一个时输出位置(find(sub,__start.__end))

     1 n = "ailadi"
     2 s1 = n.find("la")
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 2
     6 
     7 n = "ailadi"
     8 s1 = n.find("li")
     9 print(s1)
    10 结果:
    11 -1
    12 
    13 n = "ailadi"
    14 s1 = n.find("l",1,4)
    15 print(s1)
    16 结果:
    17 2

    10.格式化替换变量(format(),format_map())

    1 n = "i am {name},age = {age}"
    2 s1 = n.format(name = "ailadi",age = 19)
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 i am ailadi,age = 19
    1 n = "i am {0},age = {1}"
    2 s1 = n.format("ailadi",19)
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 i am ailadi,age = 1
    1 n = "i am {name},age = {age}"
    2 s1 = n.format_map({'name':"ailadi",'age':19})
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 i am ailadi,age = 19

    11.判断字符串里面全是字母和数字返回true否则返回false(isalnum())

     1 n = "ailadi"
     2 s1 = n.isalnum()
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 True
     6 
     7 
     8 n = "ailadi111"
     9 s1 = n.isalnum()
    10 print(s1)
    11 结果:
    12 True
    13 
    14 n = "ailadi+111"
    15 s1 = n.isalnum()
    16 print(s1)
    17 结果:
    18 False

     12.判断字符串里面全是字母返回true否则返回false(isalpha())

     1 n = "ailadi111"
     2 s1 = n.isalpha()
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 False
     6 
     7 n = "ailadi"
     8 s1 = n.isalpha()
     9 print(s1)
    10 结果:
    11 True

    13.判断字符串里面全是数字返回true否则返回false(isdecimal()  、isdigit()、isnumeric())

     1 n = "129834981"
     2 s1 = n.isdecimal()
     3 s2 = n.isdigit()
     4 s3 = n.isnumeric()
     5 print(s1,s2,s3)
     6 结果:
     7 True True True
     8 
     9 n = ""
    10 s1 = n.isdecimal()
    11 s2 = n.isdigit()
    12 s3 = n.isnumeric()
    13 print(s1,s2,s3)
    14 结果:
    15 False True True
    16 
    17 n = ""
    18 s1 = n.isdecimal()
    19 s2 = n.isdigit()
    20 s3 = n.isnumeric()
    21 print(s1,s2,s3)
    22 结果:
    23 False False True

    14.查看字符串是否时字母或者下划线开头(isidentifier())

    n = "sad"
    s1 = n.isidentifier()
    print(s1)
    结果:
    True
    
    n = "123213"
    s1 = n.isidentifier()
    print(s1)
    结果:
    False
    
    n = "_123213"
    s1 = n.isidentifier()
    print(s1)
    结果:
    True

    15.查看和转化字符串的大小写

    ------查看字符串中是否全是小写

     1 n = "aaDsa"
     2 s1 = n.islower()
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 False
     6 
     7 n = "aadsa"
     8 s1 = n.islower()
     9 print(s1)
    10 结果:
    11 True
    12 
    13 n = "aad哎222sa"
    14 s1 = n.islower()
    15 print(s1)
    16 结果:
    17 True

    ------将字符串变为小写

    1 n = "AiLaDi"
    2 s1 = n.lower()
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 ailadi

    ------查看字符是否全为大写

    1 n = "AILADI"
    2 s1 = n.isupper()
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 Ture

    ------将字符串全部转换为大写

    1 n = "ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.upper()
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 AILADI

    16.查看字符串是否存在不可直接打印的字符例如: 、 (isprintable())

     1 n = "asdasd"
     2 s1 = n.isprintable()
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 True
     6 
     7 n = "asd	asd"
     8 s1 = n.isprintable()
     9 print(s1)
    10 结果:
    11 False

    17.查看字符串中是否全是空格(isspace())

     1 n = "asdasd"
     2 s1 = n.isspace()
     3 print(s1)
     4 结果:
     5 False
     6 
     7 n = "asd asd"
     8 s1 = n.isspace()
     9 print(s1)
    10 结果:
    11 False
    12 
    13 n = "  "
    14 s1 = n.isspace()
    15 print(s1)
    16 结果:
    17 True

    18.标题的转换和判断转换title()、判断istitle()

     1 n = "do not use on a shared computer"
     2 s1 = n.istitle()
     3 print(s1)
     4 s2 = n.title()
     5 print(s2)
     6 s3 = s2.istitle()
     7 print(s3)
     8 结果:
     9 False
    10 Do Not Use On A Shared Computer
    11 True

    *****19.将字符串中的每一个元素用规定的字符串拼接起来(join())

    1 n = "aaaaaaaaa"
    2 s = " _ @ s 1 "
    3 s1 = s.join(n)
    4 print(s1)
    5 结果:
    6 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a _ @ s 1 a

    20.去除字符串中最左或者最右对应的字符默认为“ ”:strip()

         去除字符串中最左端对应字符组默认为“ ”:lstrip()

         去除字符串中最右端对应字符组默认为“ ”:rstrip()

     1 n = "ailadi"
     2 s1 = n.strip("a")
     3 s2 = n.rstrip("a")
     4 s3 = n.lstrip("a")
     5 s4 = n.strip("di")
     6 print(s1)
     7 print(s2)
     8 print(s3)
     9 print(s4)
    10 结果:
    11 iladi
    12 ailadi
    13 iladi
    14 aila    

    21.创建两个字符串中的对应关系,和两个对应字符的转换:

           创建:maktarns()

           转换:tarnslate()

    1 n1 = "abcde"
    2 n2 = "12345"
    3 s = str.maketrans(n1,n2)#建立对应关系
    4 s1 = "aasdesfsfswdx"
    5 ss = s1.translate(s)#进行转换
    6 print(ss)
    7 结果:
    8 11s45sfsfsw4x

    22.字符串分割split()、partition()

     1 n = "ailadiailadi"
     2 s1 = n.split("l")#默认全部寻找进行分割,无分割字符
     3 s2 = n.split("l",1)#可以添加寻找次数
     4 s3 = n.partition("l")#从左边开始寻找寻找一次,有分隔符
     5 s4 = n.rpartition("l"))#从右边开始寻找寻找一次,有分隔符
     6 print(s1)
     7 print(s2)
     8 print(s3)
     9 print(s4)
    10 结果:
    11 ['ai', 'adiai', 'adi']
    12 ['ai', 'adiailadi']
    13 ('ai', 'l', 'adiailadi')
    14 ('ailadiai', 'l', 'adi')

    23.根据 进行分割splitlines()

    1 n = "ailadi
    ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.splitlines(True)#打印
    
    3 s2 = n.splitlines(False)#不打印
    
    4 print(s1)
    5 print(s2)
    6 结果:
    7 ['ailadi
    ', 'ailadi']
    8 ['ailadi', 'ailadi']

    24.字符串中大写换小写小写换大写swapcase()

    1 n = "Ailadi"
    2 s1 = n.swapcase()
    3 print(s1)
    4 结果:
    5 aILADI

     25.字符串的替换replace()

    1 n = "ailadii"
    2 s1 = n.replace("i","ii")#默认全部换掉
    3 s2 = n.replace("i","ii",1)#可以写次数
    4 print(s1)
    5 print(s2)
    6 结果:
    7 aiiladiiii
    8 aiiladii
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ailadi/p/9959062.html
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