OSPF虚链路配置.示例1

 

 在OSPF 网络中，区域0为骨干区域，其它的为非骨干区域，非骨干区域必须与骨干区域直接相连。

根据拓扑图可看到区域1与骨干区域0直接相连而区域2与骨干区域没有直接相连，这种情况下我们可以创建一条虚链路使区域2与骨干区域0直接相连。虚链路还可将不连续的区域0连接起来。

R1配置：

interface Loopback1
 ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial1/1
 ip address 12.12.12.1 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 1.1.1.1
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 12.12.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!

R2配置：

interface Loopback1
 ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
!

interface Serial1/0
 ip address 12.12.12.2 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/1
 ip address 23.23.23.2 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 2.2.2.2
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 1 virtual-link 4.4.4.4
 network 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 12.12.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 23.23.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!

R3配置：

interface Loopback1
 ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 23.23.23.3 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/1
 ip address 34.34.34.3 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 3.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 3.3.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
 network 23.23.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
 network 34.34.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
!

R4配置：

interface Loopback1
 ip address 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 34.34.34.4 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
interface Serial1/1
 ip address 45.45.45.4 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 4.4.4.4
 log-adjacency-changes
 area 1 virtual-link 2.2.2.2
 network 4.4.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
 network 34.34.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
 network 45.45.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
!

R5配置：

interface Loopback1
 ip address 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.0
!
interface Serial1/0
 ip address 45.45.45.5 255.255.255.0
 serial restart-delay 0
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 5.5.5.5
 log-adjacency-changes
 network 5.5.5.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
 network 45.45.45.0 0.0.0.255 area 2
!
 

配置虚链路后再次查看R1的路由表，已经学到了区域2的路由：

Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set
     34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    34.34.34.0 [110/192] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:26, Serial1/1
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       2.2.2.2 [110/65] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:26, Serial1/1
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/129] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:26, Serial1/1
     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/193] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:26, Serial1/1
     5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    5.5.5.5 [110/257] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:26, Serial1/1      //区域2路由
     23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    23.23.23.0 [110/128] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:27, Serial1/1
     12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       12.12.12.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1
     45.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    45.45.45.0 [110/256] via 12.12.12.2, 00:08:27, Serial1/1         //区域2路由

在末配置虚链路时查看R1的路由表，R1是学不到区域2的路由

Router#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
     34.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    34.34.34.0 [110/192] via 12.12.12.2, 00:12:49, Serial1/1
     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1
     2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O       2.2.2.2 [110/65] via 12.12.12.2, 00:12:49, Serial1/1
     3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    3.3.3.3 [110/129] via 12.12.12.2, 00:12:49, Serial1/1
     4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    4.4.4.4 [110/193] via 12.12.12.2, 00:12:49, Serial1/1
     23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA    23.23.23.0 [110/128] via 12.12.12.2, 00:12:49, Serial1/1
     12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C       12.12.12.0 is directly connected, Serial1/1 

总结：在ospf标准配置上增加：

R2 Router-id:2.2.2.2
R4 Router-id:4.4.4.4
R2(config)#area 1 virtual link 4.4.4.4
R4(config)#area 1 virtual link 2.2.2.2