最近公司要做一台nginx缓存服务器供测试用，为了使用高版本的nginx和公司业务要求，这里使用编译安装的方法进行nginx的安装。缓存服务器的配置会在下一篇文章中介绍。
下载安装包，这里下载的是1.16.1版本，更多版本去官网查看http://nginx.org/en/download.html，并解压：
[root@node4 ~]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.16.1.tar.g [root@node4 ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz
安装依赖包，这里用的是阿里的源，源地址为 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/7Server/x86_64/：
[root@node4 ~]# yum -y install gcc pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel libxslt-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
编译安装：
[root@node4 ~]# cd /usr/nginx/ [root@node4 nginx]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1 [root@node4 nginx]# cd nginx-1.16.1/ [root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-ipv6 --with-cc-opt='-O2 -g -pipe -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic' --with-http_perl_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_xslt_module --with-http_slice_module --add-module=/usr/local/ngx_cache_purge-2.3 --with-threads
若编译时无法添加ngx_cache_purge模块，可以先将该模块下载下来，然后解压到相应的路径：
[root@node4 ~]# wget http://labs.frickle.com/files/ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
[root@node4 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nginx-1.16.1.tar.gz ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz
[root@node4 ~]# tar zxf ngx_cache_purge-2.3.tar.gz -C /usr/local
添加完ngx_cache_purge模块后进行安装nginx：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# make && make install
添加nginx用户：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M nginx
创建缓存目录：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# mkdir -p /var/cache/nginx/client_temp
启动nginx：
[root@node4 nginx-1.16.1]# cd /usr/sbin/ [root@node4 sbin]# ./nginx [root@node4 sbin]#
nginx检查：
[root@node4 sbin]# ./nginx -t nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
查看nginx版本：
[root@node4 sbin]# ./nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.16.1
将nginx加入到/etc/init.d/环境，这里我使用脚本实现配置，脚本文件为nginx，在/etc/init.d目录下，赋予执行权限：
[root@node4 sbin]# cd /etc/init.d [root@node4 init.d]# vim nginx #!/bin/sh # # nginx Startup script for nginx # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # processname: nginx # config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf # config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # description: nginx is an HTTP and reverse proxy server # ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: nginx # Required-Start: $local_fs $remote_fs $network # Required-Stop: $local_fs $remote_fs $network # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop nginx ### END INIT INFO # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions if [ -L $0 ]; then initscript=`/bin/readlink -f $0` else initscript=$0 fi sysconfig=`/bin/basename $initscript` if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig ]; then . /etc/sysconfig/$sysconfig fi nginx=${NGINX-/usr/sbin/nginx} prog=`/bin/basename $nginx` conffile=${CONFFILE-/etc/nginx/nginx.conf} lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/nginx} pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/nginx.pid} SLEEPMSEC=${SLEEPMSEC-200000} UPGRADEWAITLOOPS=${UPGRADEWAITLOOPS-5} RETVAL=0 start() { echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon --pidfile=${pidfile} ${nginx} -c ${conffile} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch ${lockfile} return $RETVAL } stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f ${lockfile} ${pidfile} } reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } upgrade() { oldbinpidfile=${pidfile}.oldbin configtest -q || return echo -n $"Starting new master $prog: " killproc -p ${pidfile} ${prog} -USR2 echo for i in `/usr/bin/seq $UPGRADEWAITLOOPS`; do /bin/usleep $SLEEPMSEC if [ -f ${oldbinpidfile} -a -f ${pidfile} ]; then echo -n $"Graceful shutdown of old $prog: " killproc -p ${oldbinpidfile} ${prog} -QUIT RETVAL=$? echo return fi done echo $"Upgrade failed!" RETVAL=1 } configtest() { if [ "$#" -ne 0 ] ; then case "$1" in -q) FLAG=$1 ;; *) ;; esac shift fi ${nginx} -t -c ${conffile} $FLAG RETVAL=$? return $RETVAL } rh_status() { status -p ${pidfile} ${nginx} } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 && exit 0 start ;; stop) stop ;; status) rh_status RETVAL=$? ;; restart) configtest -q || exit $RETVAL stop start ;; upgrade) rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1 || exit 0 upgrade ;; condrestart|try-restart) if rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1; then stop start fi ;; force-reload|reload) reload ;; configtest) configtest ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|condrestart|try-restart|force-reload|upgrade|reload|status|help|configtest}" RETVAL=2 esac exit $RETVAL
#保存退出
[root@node4 init.d]# chmod +x nginx
此时可以使用systemctl(centos7)或者service(centos6)来操作nginx了。若无法启动nginx，，可以尝试先将所有启动的nginx进程删掉，然后再重新启动。强制kill掉nginx可以使用命令pkill -9 nginx。
[root@node4 ~]# systemctl restart nginx [root@node4 ~]# ps -ef | grep nginx root 23389 1 0 16:10 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf nginx 23391 23389 0 16:10 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 23393 2305 0 16:10 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
配置文件的进程参数是auto，nginx启动后再输入地址测试访问。
[root@node4 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user nobody;
worker_processes auto;
安装完毕，下一篇写缓存服务器配置及优化。