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  • 实验11配置RIP

    实验任务一：配置ripv1
    1.建立物理连接

    2.PC和路由器上配置ip地址
    [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip address 192.168.0.1 24
    [RTA-Serial1/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
    [RTB-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
    [RTB-Serial1/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 24
    3.配置rip协议
    [RTA]rip
    [RTA -rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
    [RTA -rip-1]network 192.168.0.0

    [RTB]rip
    [RTB -rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
    [RTB -rip-1]network 192.168.2.0

    4.查看rip运行状态
    [RTA-rip-1]display rip
    Public VPN-instance name:
    RIP process: 1
    RIP version: 1//RIPv1版本
    Preference: 100//协议优先级100
    Checkzero: Enabled
    Default cost: 0
    Summary: Enabled//开启了自动聚合
    Host routes: Enabled
    Maximum number of load balanced routes: 32
    Update time : 30 secs Timeout time : 180 secs
    Suppress time : 120 secs Garbage-collect time : 120 secs
    Update output delay: 20(ms) Output count: 3
    TRIP retransmit time: 5(s) Retransmit count: 36
    Graceful-restart interval: 60 secs
    Triggered Interval : 5 50 200
    BFD: Disabled
    Silent interfaces: None
    Default routes: Disabled
    Verify-source: Enabled
    Networks:
    192.168.0.0 192.168.1.0
    Configured peers: None
    Triggered updates sent: 2
    Number of routes changes: 3
    Number of replies to queries: 1

    打开RIP的debugging
    terminal debugging
    The current terminal is enabled to display debugging logs.
    debugging rip 1 packet
    //从s1/0收到来自192.168,1,2广播，192.168.2.0 cost
    *Apr 23 11:05:25:277 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Receiving response from 192.168.1.2 on Serial1/0
    *Apr 23 11:05:25:277 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 1, cmd response, length 24
    *Apr 23 11:05:25:277 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.2.0, cost 1
    //从GE0/0口全网广播，192,168,1,0 cost 1 192,168,2,0 cost 2
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:450 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/0 from 19 2.168.0.1 to 255.255.255.255//全网广播
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:450 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 1, cmd response, length 44
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:450 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.1.0, cost 1
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:450 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.2.0, cost 2
    //从s1/0全网广播192.168.0.0, cost 1
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:451 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface Serial1/0 from 192.168.1.1 to 255.255.255.255
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:451 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 1, cmd response, length 24
    *Apr 23 11:05:35:451 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.0.0, cost 1
    //从s1/0收到来自192.168,1,2广播，192.168.2.0 cost
    *Apr 23 11:05:59:786 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Receiving response from 192.168.1.2 on Serial1/0
    *Apr 23 11:05:59:787 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 1, cmd response, length 24
    *Apr 23 11:05:59:787 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.2.0, cost 1
    //从GE0/0口全网广播，192,168,1,0 cost 1 192,168,2,0 cost 2
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/0 from 192.168.0.1 to 255.255.255.255
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 1, cmd response, length 44
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.1.0, cost 1
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.2.0, cost 2
    //从s1/0口全网广播，192,168,0,0 cost 1
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface Serial1/0 from 192.168.1.1 to 255.255.255.255
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 1, cmd response, length 24
    *Apr 23 11:06:09:950 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.0.0, cost 1

    实验任务二：配置ripv2

    1. 建立物理连接

    2. PC和路由器上配置ip地址
      [RTA]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0
      [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip address 192.168.0.1 24
      [RTA]interface GigabitEthernet 0/1
      [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24

    [RTB]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0
    [RTB-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip address 10.0.0.1 24
    [RTB]interface GigabitEthernet 0/1
    [RTB-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip address 192.168.1.2 24

    1. 配置RIPV1，观察路由表
      [RTA]rip 1
      [RTA-rip-1]network 192.168.0.0
      [RTA-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0

    [RTB]rip 1
    [RTB-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
    [RTB-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0

    [RTA-rip-1]display ip routing-table

    Destinations : 17 Routes : 17

    Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
    0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    10.0.0.0/8 RIP 100 1 192.168.1.2 GE0/1
    127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.0.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    192.168.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
    224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
    255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

    查看ip路由表发现，ripv1自动聚合。学习到路由10.0.0.0/8自然掩码。

    1. 配置ripv2
      [RTA-rip-1]version 2
      [RTA-rip-1]undo summary

    [RTB-rip-1]version 2
    [RTB-rip-1]undo summary

    [RTA-rip-1]display ip routing-table

    Destinations : 18 Routes : 18

    Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
    0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    10.0.0.0/8 RIP 100 1 192.168.1.2 GE0/1
    10.0.0.0/24 RIP 100 1 192.168.1.2 GE0/1
    127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.0.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    192.168.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
    224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
    255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

    由上面知道 ，ripv2取消自动聚合，可以学习到正确的路由10.0.0.0/24
    但是还是存在路由10.0.0.0/8，原因是，rip路由的老化路由需要180s，到未收到路由更新180s。Rip才把其路由从ip路由表撤销。

    terminal debugging
    debugging rip 1 packet
    //rip协议报文从GE0/0发送到组播地址224.0.0.9，报文包括，目的网段，掩码，下一跳，度量
    *Apr 23 15:53:40:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/0 from 192.168.0.1 to 224.0.0.9
    *Apr 23 15:53:40:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 2, cmd response, length 44
    *Apr 23 15:53:40:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 2, tag 0
    *Apr 23 15:53:40:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 1, tag 0

    1. 配置RIPV2认证

    [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/1]rip authentication-mode md5 rfc2453 plain aaaaa
    [RTB-GigabitEthernet0/1]rip authentication-mode md5 rfc2453 plain abcde
    //原有的路由需要一段时间才能老化，将接口关闭再启用，可以重新学习路由的过程。
    [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/1]shutdown
    [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/1]undo shutdown
    //查看ripv2的报文
    terminal debugging
    debugging rip 1 packet
    //GE0/0md5验证失败
    *Apr 23 16:02:27:583 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Ignored this packet on interface GigabitEthernet0/1 from 192.168.1.2: Authentication digest check failed.//密码不一致，错误
    *Apr 23 16:02:27:583 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: First RTE: ff ff 00 03 af 92 fc 64 21 3a e9 11 a2 63 20 0f 83 11 64 90
    //GE0/0发送路由信息给组播地址224.0.0.9
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:489 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/0 from 192.168.0.1 to 224.0.0.9
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:489 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 2, cmd response, length 24
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:489 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 1, tag 0

    *Apr 23 16:02:29:490 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/1 from 192.168.1.1 to 224.0.0.9
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:490 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 2, cmd response, length 48
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:490 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Authentication mode: MD5 RFC2453
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:490 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Digest: 69b36548.e332dd89.d8889737.c25cd924
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:490 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Authentication sequence number: 1096
    *Apr 23 16:02:29:490 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 1, tag 0

    将RTB的认证密码设置为一致。可以正确的学习到对端设备发来的路由。
    [RTB-GigabitEthernet0/1]rip authentication-mode md5 rfc2453 plain aaaaa
    查看路由表
    display ip routing-table

    Destinations : 17 Routes : 17

    Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface
    0.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    10.0.0.0/24 RIP 100 1 192.168.1.2 GE0/1
    127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.0.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.0.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.0.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.0.1 GE0/0
    192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    192.168.1.0/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0
    192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 192.168.1.1 GE0/1
    224.0.0.0/4 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
    224.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 0.0.0.0 NULL0
    255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoop0

    debugging rip 1 packet
    *Apr 23 16:14:22:707 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Receiving response from 192.168.1.2 on GigabitEthernet0/1
    *Apr 23 16:14:22:707 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 2, cmd response, length 48
    *Apr 23 16:14:22:707 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Authentication mode: MD5 RFC2453
    *Apr 23 16:14:22:707 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Digest: 03a95530.98fdaa4b.4a6891f7.1e11b97e
    *Apr 23 16:14:22:707 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Authentication sequence number: 1728
    //可以正确的学习到路由
    *Apr 23 16:14:22:707 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 1, tag 0
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/0 from 192.168.0.1 to 224.0.0.9
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 2, cmd response, length 44
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 10.0.0.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 2, tag 0
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 1, tag 0
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: RIP 1 : Sending response on interface GigabitEthernet0/1 from 192.168.1.1 to 224.0.0.9
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Packet: version 2, cmd response, length 48
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Authentication mode: MD5 RFC2453
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Digest: d99febb0.c1b405cc.e62d08e1.31626bf8
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: Authentication sequence number: 1816
    *Apr 23 16:14:25:989 2018 H3C RIP/7/RIPDEBUG: AFI 2, destination 192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0, nexthop 0.0.0.0, cost 1, tag 0
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/akiz/p/11144523.html
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