Oracle 11g软件安装

     一 软件环境

• CentOS-6.5-x86_64
• p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64
• 主机名称设置为sz.pri.com，IP为192.168.1.106

     二 主机设置

内存要求

安装Oracle 11g，内存至少是1GB，建议在2GB以上。

磁盘空间要求

企业版

• • 软件文件空间4.7GB
  • 数据文件空间1.7GB

标准版

• • 软件文件空间4.6GB
  • 数据文件空间1.5GB

设置主机名称

[root@sz ~]# more /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.106 sz.pri.com

[root@strong ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=sz.pri.com

配置网络地址

[root@sz ~]# more /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
NAME=eth0
UUID=24a8cd87-567c-4247-937a-705e7d705328
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.1.106
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1
DNS1=192.168.1.1
LAST_CONNECT=1504533914
[root@sz ~]# service network restart
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: Active connection state: activated
Active connection path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/4
[ OK ]

配置本地YUM源

配置本地YUM源，为安装Oracle 11g所需的rpm做准备

[root@sz ~]# umount /dev/cdrom
[root@sz ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
mount: block device /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@sz ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Debuginfo.repo CentOS-Media.repo CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.bak
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# vim CentOS-Media.repo

# CentOS-Media.repo
#
# This repo can be used with mounted DVD media, verify the mount point for
# CentOS-6. You can use this repo and yum to install items directly off the
# DVD ISO that we release.
#
# To use this repo, put in your DVD and use it with the other repos too:
# yum --enablerepo=c6-media [command]
#
# or for ONLY the media repo, do this:
#
# yum --disablerepo=* --enablerepo=c6-media [command]

[c6-media]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Media
baseurl=file:///mnt/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Cleaning repos: c6-media
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# yum list

安装xterm和xclock

[root@sz yum.repos.d]# yum install xterm
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# yum install xclock

安装Oracle 11g所需的Package

下面的Packages时安装Oracle 11g所需的，利用yum install 进行安装。

binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.i686
gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)
glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6.i686
ksh
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)
libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6.i686
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686
make-3.81-19.el6
sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
 
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125
或者利用下面的方式进行安装：
yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc* gcc gcc-c++* glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc libaio libaio-devel make elfutils-libelf-devel sysstat

创建Oracle用户和组

[root@sz yum.repos.d]# groupadd oinstall
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# groupadd dba
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# groupadd oper
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@sz yum.repos.d]#

配置内核参数

[root@sz yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# sysctl -p ##使上面的命令生效
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle          soft    nproc  2047
oracle          hard    nproc  16384
oracle          soft    nofile  1024
oracle          hard    nofile  65536

创建目录

[root@sz yum.repos.d]# mkdir /u01/app/
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/
[root@sz yum.repos.d]# chmod -R 775 /u01/

配置Oracle用户环境变量

[oracle@sz ~]$ vim ./.bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_SID=szpri
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_SID
[oracle@sz ~]$ . ./.bash_profile
[oracle@sz ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
szpri

解压缩Oracle软件

[oracle@sz ~]$ mkdir /u01/soft/
[oracle@sz ~]$ cd /u01/soft/
[oracle@sz soft]$ ls
p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip  p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
[oracle@sz soft]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
[oracle@sz soft]$ unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip

三 Oracle软件安装

切换到下面目录进行安装

[oracle@sz soft]$ cd database/
[oracle@sz database]$ ls
install readme.html response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[oracle@sz database]$ ./runInstaller

安装详细步骤

1、配置安全更新页，输入Email和My Oracle Support Password，在此去掉勾选，点击Next；

      

2、在下载软件更新页，选择Skip software updates，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

3、在选择安装选项页，有三种选项，在此我选择Install database software only，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

4、在网格安装选项页，保持默认选项，我们选择单实例数据库安装，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

5、在语言选项页，选择English，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

6、在数据库版本选项页，选择Enterprise Edition，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

7、在安装位置选项页，保持默认选项，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

8、在创建库选项页，保持默认选项，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

9、在操作系统组选项页，保持默认选项，并点击Next进入下一页；

      

10、在先决条件检查页进行检查，检查结束并点击Next进入下一页；

      

      先决条件检查出现一个不通过的，可以去网上下载对应的Package，该Package对数据库的使用没太大影响，可忽略。

This is a prerequisite condition to test whether the package "pdksh-5.2.14" is available on the system. (more details)

Expected Value

 : pdksh-5.2.14

Actual Value

 : missing

11、在概要页，显示一些与安装相关的信息，点击Install进行安装；

      

12、在安装产品页，进行软件的安装，安装结束后，出现执行配置脚本页；

      

      按照上面的提示，执行对应的脚本：

[root@sz ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.

The execution of the script is complete.

[root@sz ~]# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Performing root user operation for Oracle 11g

The following environment variables are set as:

ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

[root@sz ~]#

13、上述步骤完成后，点击Close安装结束；

14、修改环境变量设置，完成最终数据库软件的安装。

[oracle@sz ~]$ vim ./.bash_profile

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export ORACLE_HOME PATH