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  • mysql 5.5数据库主从配置步骤详解

    上次给大家介绍了mysql 5.1主从搭建配置教程,这次我们来实现mysql 5.5的主从复制,其实大体上配置是差不多的,只有点细微的差别.
    系统:centos 5.x
    需要的软件包:mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz
    环境准备:
    服务器a:192.168.10.151 (主)
    服务器b:192.168.10.152 (从)

    1.安装前准备
    wget http://mysql.llarian.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz
    yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ libtool-libs autoconf freetype-devel gd libjpeg-devel
    libpng-devel libxml2-devel ncurses-devel zlib-devel zip unzip curl-devel wget crontabs
    file bison cmake patch mlocate flex diffutils automake make kernel-devel cpp
    readline-devel openssl-devel vim-minimal glibc-devel glib2-devel
    bzip2-devel e2fsprogs-devel libidn-devel gettext-devel expat-devel
    libcap-devel libtool-ltdl-devel pam-devel pcre-devel libmcrypt-devel

    2.在服务器a上安装mysql
    tar zxf mysql-5.5.33.tar.gz && cd mysql-5.5.33
    /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
    /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
    cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=complex -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1

    make
    make install

    chmod +w /usr/local/mysql
    chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
    cd support-files/
    cp my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
    cp -f mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    mkdir /var/lib/mysql
    /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --user=mysql
    chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
    chkconfig --add mysqld
    chkconfig mysqld on
    cat > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf<<EOF
    /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
    /usr/local/lib
    EOF
    ldconfig

    如果你是在64位机器上的话,那你就执行下面这个命令:
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql

    如果你是在32位机器上的话,那就执行下面的命令:
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql

    然后再执行:
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/bin
    ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin
    service mysqld start
    mysqladmin -u root password 'password'

    当然如果大家觉得编译安装mysql很麻烦的话,那么可以去看看这篇文章安装mysql5.5二进制包.

    服务器b安装mysql配置跟服务器a一样,这里就不说了.

    3.配置主从
    在服务器a上:
    vi /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    log-bin=master-bin
    log-bin-index=master-bin.index
    server-id = 1
    innodb_file_per_table = 1
    binlog_format=mixed

    授权复制用户:
    mysql -u root -p
    grant replication slave on *.* to 'dbmysql'@'%' identified by '123456';
    flush privileges;

    重启mysql
    service mysqld restart

    在服务器b上:
    vi /etc/my.cnf
    [mysqld]
    relay-log = relay-log
    relay-log-index = relay-log.index
    server-id = 2
    innodb_file_per_table = 1
    binlog_format=mixed

    然后重启mysql
    service mysqld restart

    服务器b连接连接主服务器并复制
    先在服务器a上查看master的状态
    mysql> show master status;
    +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
    +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    | master-bin.000001 | 107 | | |
    +-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    然后在服务器b上进行连接
    mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.10.151',master_user='dbmysql',maste
    r_password='123456',master_log_file='master-bin.000001',master_log_pos=107;

    查看一下slave状态
    mysql> show slave statusG
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
    Slave_IO_State:
    Master_Host: 192.168.10.151
    Master_User: dbmysql
    Master_Port: 3306
    Connect_Retry: 60
    Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
    Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001
    Relay_Log_Pos: 4
    Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
    Slave_IO_Running: No
    Slave_SQL_Running: No
    Replicate_Do_DB:
    Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    Replicate_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
    Last_Errno: 0
    Last_Error:
    Skip_Counter: 0
    Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107
    Relay_Log_Space: 107
    Until_Condition: None
    Until_Log_File:
    Until_Log_Pos: 0
    Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    Master_SSL_(www.111cn.net)CA_File:
    Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    Master_SSL_Cert:
    Master_SSL_Cipher:
    Master_SSL_Key:
    Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    Last_IO_Errno: 0
    Last_IO_Error:
    Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    Last_SQL_Error:
    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    Master_Server_Id: 0
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    启动slave再查看
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

    mysql> show slave statusG
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
    Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master
    Master_Host: 192.168.10.151
    Master_User: dbmysql
    Master_Port: 3306
    Connect_Retry: 60
    Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
    Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001
    Relay_Log_Pos: 4
    Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
    Slave_IO_Running: Connecting
    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
    Replicate_Do_DB:
    Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    Replicate_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
    Last_Errno: 0
    Last_Error:
    Skip_Counter: 0
    Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107
    Relay_Log_Space: 107
    Until_Condition: None
    Until_Log_File:
    Until_Log_Pos: 0
    Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    Master_SSL_CA_File:
    Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    Master_SSL_Cert:
    Master_SSL_Cipher:
    Master_SSL_Key:
    Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    Last_IO_Errno: 2003
    Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'dbmysql@192.168.10.151:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 86400
    Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    Last_SQL_Error:
    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    Master_Server_Id: 0
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    看到上面错误了没,说明mysql主和从服务器的防火墙没有开放3306端口,去服务器a和服务器b上把3306端口打开,再来查看mysql从的状态
    mysql> show slave statusG
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    Master_Host: 192.168.10.151
    Master_User: dbmysql
    Master_Port: 3306
    Connect_Retry: 60
    Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 107
    Relay_Log_File: relay-log.000011
    Relay_Log_Pos: 254
    Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000001
    Slave_IO_Running: Yes
    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
    Replicate_Do_DB:
    Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    Replicate_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
    Last_Errno: 0
    Last_Error:
    Skip_Counter: 0
    Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 107
    Relay_Log_Space: 404
    Until_Condition: None
    Until_Log_File:
    Until_Log_Pos: 0
    Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    Master_SSL_CA_File:
    Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    Master_SSL_Cert:
    Master_SSL_Cipher:
    Master_SSL_Key:
    Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    Last_IO_Errno: 0
    Last_IO_Error:
    Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    Last_SQL_Error:
    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    Master_Server_Id: 1
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    好了,可以看到Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都是yes了,下面也没有error提示了.

    4.验证
    在mysql主上创建个数据库
    mysql> create database emlog;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

    再在mysql从上查看是否有这个数据库
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | emlog |
    | mysql |
    | performance_schema |
    | test |
    +--------------------+
    5 rows in set (0.02 sec)

    可以看到已经同步复制过来了,mysql主从搭建成功.
    from:http://www.111cn.net/database/mysql/52862.htm

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/alibai/p/4023184.html
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