修改oracle数据库字符集的方法

SQL> select name,value$ from props$ where name like '%NLS%';

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN

NLS_TERRITORY
AMERICA

NLS_CURRENCY
$

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
AMERICA

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
.,

NLS_CHARACTERSET
WE8ISO8859P1

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_CALENDAR
GREGORIAN

NLS_DATE_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_SORT
BINARY

NLS_TIME_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM

NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR

NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR

NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
$

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_COMP
BINARY

NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS
BYTE

NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP
FALSE

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
AL16UTF16

NLS_RDBMS_VERSION
10.2.0.3.0

20 rows selected.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 235999352 bytes
Fixed Size 450680 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.

SQL> alter session set sql_trace=true;

Session altered.

SQL> alter system enable restricted session;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set job_queue_processes=0;

System altered.

SQL> alter system set aq_tm_processes=0;

System altered.

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> set linesize 120;
SQL> alter database character set zhs16gbk;
alter database character set zhs16gbk
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12712: new character set must be a superset of old character set

SQL> ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE zhs16gbk;

# 使用INTERNAL_USE可以跳过超集的检查,ALTER DATABASE character set INTERNAL_USE

Database altered.

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

SQL> STARTUP
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 235999352 bytes
Fixed Size 450680 bytes
Variable Size 201326592 bytes
Database Buffers 33554432 bytes
Redo Buffers 667648 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

SQL> select name,value$ from props$ where name like '%NLS%';

NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN

NLS_TERRITORY
AMERICA

NLS_CURRENCY
$


NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_ISO_CURRENCY
AMERICA

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
.,

NLS_CHARACTERSET
ZHS16GBK


NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_CALENDAR
GREGORIAN

NLS_DATE_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE
AMERICAN


NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_SORT
BINARY

NLS_TIME_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM

NLS_TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM


NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_TIME_TZ_FORMAT
HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR

NLS_TIMESTAMP_TZ_FORMAT
DD-MON-RR HH.MI.SSXFF AM TZR

NLS_DUAL_CURRENCY
$


NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_COMP
BINARY

NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS
BYTE

NLS_NCHAR_CONV_EXCP
FALSE


NAME
------------------------------
VALUE$
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET
AL16UTF16

NLS_RDBMS_VERSION
9.2.0.1.0


20 rows selected.