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  • mysql之 mysql 5.6不停机主主搭建(活跃双主基于日志点复制)

    环境说明:
    版本 version 5.6.25-log
    主1库ip: 10.219.24.25
    主2库ip:10.219.24.22
    os 版本: centos 6.7
    已安装热备软件:xtrabackup
    防火墙已关

    补充:
    主从复制原理: http://blog.csdn.net/zhang123456456/article/details/72972701
    mysql 5.6安装 :http://blog.csdn.net/zhang123456456/article/details/53608554
    xtrabackup 安装: http://blog.csdn.net/zhang123456456/article/details/72836184

    全程:先搭建一主一从,然后反过来搭建,就是双主复制:

    先一主一从搭建:

    1、 主库参数调整
    -- 停止主库mysql
    [root@mysql02 ~]# service mysql stop
    [root@mysql02 ~]# netstat -nltp|grep mysql|grep 3606
    -- 主库创建relay log目录
    [root@mysql02 full]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/relaylog/
    [root@mysql02 full]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/relaylog
    -- 调整 my.cnf 参数
    [root@mysql02 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
    [client]
    password = oracle
    port = 3306
    socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
    [mysqld]
    server-id=25
    port = 3306
    socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
    character_set_server = utf8
    character_set_client = utf8
    collation-server=utf8_general_ci
    lower_case_table_names = 1
    max_connections = 1000
    datadir = /data/mysql
    log_bin = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
    log_bin_index = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
    relay-log = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
    relay-log-index = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
    relay_log_purge = on
    binlog_format = mixed
    innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:12M:autoextend
    auto_increment_increment = 10
    auto_increment_offset = 1
    [mysql]
    default-character-set = utf8

    说明:
    a、主库必须配置的参数
    server-id (主从的server-id必须不同)、log_bin、binlog_format、relay-log、relay-log-index、relay_log_purge
    auto-increment-offset、auto-increment-increment

    b、log-slave-updates 意思是,中继日志执行之后,这些变化是否需要计入自己的binarylog。 当你的B服务器需要作为另外一个服务器的主服务器的时候需要打开。 就是双主互相备份,或者多主循环备份。 我们这里需要, 所以打开。

    c、auto-increment-offset、auto-increment-increment 两个参数用于在 双主(多主循环)互相备份。 因为每台数据库服务器都可能在同一个表中插入数据,如果表有一个自动增长的主键,那么就会在多服务器上出现主键冲突。 解决这个问题的办法就是让每个数据库的自增主键不连续。 上图说是, 我假设需要将来可能需要10台服务器做备份, 所以auto-increment-increment 设为10. 而 auto-increment-offset=1 表示这台服务器的序号。 从1开始, 不超过auto-increment-increment。这样做之后, 我在这台服务器上插入的第一个id就是 1, 第二行的id就是 11了, 而不是2.(同理,在第二台服务器上插入的第一个id就是2, 第二行就是12, 这个后面再介绍) 这样就不会出现主键冲突了。 后面我们会演示这个id的效果。

    -- 启动主库
    [root@mysql02 ~]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

    2、 从库参数调整
    -- 停止从库mysql
    [root@mysql01 ~]# service mysql stop
    [root@mysql01 ~]# netstat -nltp|grep mysql|grep 3606
    -- 调整 my.cnf 参数
    [root@mysql01 ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
    [client]
    password = oracle
    port = 3306
    socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
    [mysqld]
    server-id=22
    port = 3306
    socket = /data/mysql/mysql.sock
    character_set_server = utf8
    character_set_client = utf8
    collation-server=utf8_general_ci
    lower_case_table_names = 1
    max_connections = 1000
    datadir = /data/mysql
    log_bin = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
    log_bin_index = /data/mysql/binarylog/binlog
    relay-log = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
    relay-log-index = /data/mysql/relaylog/relay
    relay_log_purge = on
    auto_increment_increment = 10
    auto_increment_offset = 2
    [mysql]
    default-character-set = utf8
    说明:从库必须配置的参数
    server-id、log_bin、relay-log、relay_log_purge、auto-increment-offset、auto-increment-increment、

    3、 主库备份
    -- 主库备份目录
    [root@mysql02 full]# pwd
    /xtrabackup/full
    -- 主库 innobackupex 备份
    [root@mysql02 ~]# innobackupex --user=root --password=oracle --port=3606 /xtrabackup/full/
    170610 17:50:23 Backup created in directory '/xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/'
    MySQL binlog position: filename 'binlog.000010', position '120'
    ....
    170610 17:50:23 completed OK!
    -- 查看备份 binlog编号 与 截止 position
    [root@mysql02 2017-06-10_17-50-19]# cat xtrabackup_binlog_info
    binlog.000010 120

    4、 从库创建与主库相同的备份目录
    [root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /xtrabackup/full
    [root@mysql01 ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /xtrabackup/full/

    5、 主库将备份 scp 到从库
    [root@mysql02 full]# pwd
    /xtrabackup/full
    [root@mysql02 full]# scp -r 2017-06-10_17-50-19 10.219.24.22:/xtrabackup/full
    6、 从库查看scp过来的备份
    [root@mysql01 ~]# cd /xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/
    [root@mysql01 2017-06-10_17-50-19]# ll
    total 12320
    -rw-r-----. 1 root root 419 Jun 10 18:01 backup-my.cnf
    -rw-r-----. 1 root root 12582912 Jun 10 18:01 ibdata1
    drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 10 18:01 mysql
    drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 10 18:01 performance_schema
    drwxr-x---. 2 root root 4096 Jun 10 18:01 test
    -rw-r-----. 1 root root 18 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_binlog_info
    -rw-r-----. 1 root root 113 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_checkpoints
    -rw-r-----. 1 root root 482 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_info
    -rw-r-----. 1 root root 2560 Jun 10 18:01 xtrabackup_logfile

    7、 主库创建同步用户
    mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave25'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oracle';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)

    8、 从库恢复主库数据
    -- 从库将原有datadir文件夹重命名到新位置,并创建原文件夹
    [root@mysql01 ~]# mv /data/mysql /data/mysqlbak
    [root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql
    -- innobackupex apply-log
    [root@mysql01 ~]# innobackupex --apply-log --user=oracle
    --password=oracle --port=3606 /xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/
    -- innobackupex copy 恢复的文件到原来的数据位置
    [root@mysql01 mysql]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --user=root
    --copy-back /xtrabackup/full/2017-06-10_17-50-19/

    170610 18:25:11 completed OK!
    -- 创建binlog目录与 relaylog 目录并赋权
    [root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/binarylog
    [root@mysql01 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/relaylog/
    [root@mysql01 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

    9、 从库配置与检测
    -- 从库启动
    [root@mysql01 mysql]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &
    -- 从库指定与主库同步的基本信息
    mysql>
    change master to
    master_host='10.219.24.25',
    master_port=3306,
    master_user='slave25',
    master_password='oracle',
    master_log_file='binlog.000010',
    master_log_pos=120;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)

    参数解释:
    MASTER_HOST : 设置要连接的主服务器的ip地址
    MASTER_USER : 设置要连接的主服务器的用户名
    MASTER_PASSWORD : 设置要连接的主服务器的密码
    MASTER_LOG_FILE : 设置要连接的主服务器的bin日志的日志名称
    MASTER_LOG_POS : 设置要连接的主服务器的bin日志的记录位置
    -- 启动slave 状态(开始监听msater的变化)
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
    -- 查看slave的状态.
    mysql> show slave status G;
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    Master_Host: 10.219.24.25 #主库 IP
    Master_User: slave25 # 主库复制的用户
    Master_Port: 3306 # 主库 mysqld
    Connect_Retry: 60
    Master_Log_File: binlog.000010 #io_thread 读取主库 master_log_file
    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 717 # io_thread 读取主库 master_log_pos
    Relay_Log_File: relay.000002
    Relay_Log_Pos: 877
    Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000010 #sql_thread 执行主库的 master_log_file
    Slave_IO_Running: Yes # 关键的,io_thread 是否 running
    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes # 关键的,sql_thread 是否 running
    Replicate_Do_DB:
    Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    Replicate_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
    Last_Errno: 0
    Last_Error:
    Skip_Counter: 0
    Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 717 #sql_thread 执行主库的 master_log_pos
    Relay_Log_Space: 1040
    Until_Condition: None
    Until_Log_File:
    Until_Log_Pos: 0
    Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    Master_SSL_CA_File:
    Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    Master_SSL_Cert:
    Master_SSL_Cipher:
    Master_SSL_Key:
    Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 # 从库 的延迟
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    Last_IO_Errno: 0
    Last_IO_Error:
    Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    Last_SQL_Error:
    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    Master_Server_Id: 25
    Master_UUID: 29d68531-4cf9-11e7-8e1f-000c297c4100
    Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
    SQL_Delay: 0
    SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
    Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
    Master_Retry_Count: 86400
    Master_Bind:
    Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
    Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
    Master_SSL_Crl:
    Master_SSL_Crlpath:
    Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
    Executed_Gtid_Set:
    Auto_Position: 0
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    ERROR:
    No query specified

    10、 主从同步检查
    -- 主库
    mysql> create database repl;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    mysql> use repl
    Database changed
    mysql> create table repl (id int);
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
    mysql> insert into repl values(1);
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

    -- 从库
    mysql> show databases;
    +--------------------+
    | Database |
    +--------------------+
    | information_schema |
    | binarylog |
    | mysql |
    | performance_schema |
    | relaylog |
    | repl |
    | test |
    +--------------------+
    7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    mysql> use repl
    Reading table information for completion of table and column names
    You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
    Database changed
    mysql> select * from repl;
    +------+
    | id |
    +------+
    | 1 |
    +------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec) >一主一从同步成功!

    ##################################################
    #至此A到B的复制已经配置完成,下面配置从B到A的复制。#
    ##################################################

    声明> 下面操作中 新主库即为原从库(10.219.24.22) 新从库为原主库(10.219.24.25)

    11、 新主库创建同步用户
    mysql> GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'slave22'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'oracle';
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

    12、 新主库查看 binlog 文件号与 position 点
    mysql> show master status;
    +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
    +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    | binlog.000004 | 313 | | | |
    +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)


    13、 新从库指定与主库同步的基本信息
    mysql>
    change master to
    master_host='10.219.24.22',
    master_port=3306,
    master_user='slave22',
    master_password='oracle',
    master_log_file='binlog.000004',
    master_log_pos=313;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)

    14、新从库打开 slave 复制功能
    mysql> start slave;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    15、 新从库检测同步复制状态
    mysql> show slave status G;
    *************************** 1. row ***************************
    Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
    Master_Host: 10.219.24.22
    Master_User: slave22
    Master_Port: 3306
    Connect_Retry: 60
    Master_Log_File: binlog.000004
    Read_Master_Log_Pos: 313
    Relay_Log_File: relay.000002
    Relay_Log_Pos: 280
    Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000004
    Slave_IO_Running: Yes
    Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
    Replicate_Do_DB:
    Replicate_Ignore_DB:
    Replicate_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Ignore_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
    Last_Errno: 0
    Last_Error:
    Skip_Counter: 0
    Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 313
    Relay_Log_Space: 443
    Until_Condition: None
    Until_Log_File:
    Until_Log_Pos: 0
    Master_SSL_Allowed: No
    Master_SSL_CA_File:
    Master_SSL_CA_Path:
    Master_SSL_Cert:
    Master_SSL_Cipher:
    Master_SSL_Key:
    Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
    Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
    Last_IO_Errno: 0
    Last_IO_Error:
    Last_SQL_Errno: 0
    Last_SQL_Error:
    Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
    Master_Server_Id: 22
    Master_UUID: 70023652-4dc7-11e7-9360-000c2944297a
    Master_Info_File: /data/mysql/master.info
    SQL_Delay: 0
    SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
    Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
    Master_Retry_Count: 86400
    Master_Bind:
    Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
    Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
    Master_SSL_Crl:
    Master_SSL_Crlpath:
    Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
    Executed_Gtid_Set:
    Auto_Position: 0
    1 row in set (0.00 sec)

    ERROR:
    No query specified

    -- 新从库测试数据同步状态
    mysql> create database mm_repl;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    mysql> use mm_repl;
    Database changed
    mysql> create table mm_repl(id int auto_increment,name varchar(10), primary key(id));
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
    mysql> insert into mm_repl(name) values("andy"),("taoYe");
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    mysql> select * from mm_repl;
    +----+-------+
    | id | name |
    +----+-------+
    | 1 | andy |
    | 11 | taoYe |
    +----+-------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    -- 新主库测试数据同步状态
    mysql> select * from mm_repl;
    +----+-------+
    | id | name |
    +----+-------+
    | 1 | andy |
    | 11 | taoYe |
    +----+-------+
    2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    mysql> insert into mm_repl(name) values("andy"),("taoYe");
    Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
    mysql> select * from mm_repl;
    +----+-------+
    | id | name |
    +----+-------+
    | 1 | andy |
    | 11 | taoYe |
    | 12 | andy |
    | 22 | taoYe |
    +----+-------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
    -- 新从库检查同步复制
    mysql> select * from mm_repl;
    +----+-------+
    | id | name |
    +----+-------+
    | 1 | andy |
    | 11 | taoYe |
    | 12 | andy |
    | 22 | taoYe |
    +----+-------+
    4 rows in set (0.00 sec) >主主同步测试成功

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/andy6/p/6980251.html
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