微信公众号开发(四)

获取用户信息

• 第一步

用户同意授权，获取code

引导关注者打开如下页面：

https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid=APPID&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI&response_type=code&scope=SCOPE&state=STATE#wechat_redirect
来获取code, 如果用户同意授权，页面将跳转至 redirect_uri/?code=CODE&state=STATE。若用户禁止授权，则重定向后不会带上code参数，仅会带上state参数redirect_uri?state=STATE

• 第二步

通过code换取网页授权access_token

获取code后，请求以下链接获取access_token和opendi：
https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=APPID&secret=SECRET&code=CODE&grant_type=authorization_code

正确时返回的JSON数据包如下：

{
   "access_token":"ACCESS_TOKEN",
   "expires_in":7200,
   "refresh_token":"REFRESH_TOKEN",
   "openid":"OPENID",
   "scope":"SCOPE"
}

• 第三步

刷新access_token（如果需要）

获取第二步的refresh_token后，请求以下链接获取access_token：
https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/refresh_token?appid=APPID&grant_type=refresh_token&refresh_token=REFRESH_TOKEN

• 第四步

拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)

请求http：GET（请使用https协议）
https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=ACCESS_TOKEN&openid=OPENID&lang=zh_CN

正确时返回的JSON数据包如下：

{
   "openid":" OPENID",
   " nickname": NICKNAME,
   "sex":"1",
   "province":"PROVINCE"
   "city":"CITY",
   "country":"COUNTRY",
    "headimgurl":    "http://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/g3MonUZtNHkdmzicIlibx6iaFqAc56vxLSUfpb6n5WKSYVY0ChQKkiaJSgQ1dZuTOgvLLrhJbERQQ4eMsv84eavHiaiceqxibJxCfHe/46", 
    "privilege":[
    "PRIVILEGE1"
    "PRIVILEGE2"
    ],
    "unionid": "o6_bmasdasdsad6_2sgVt7hMZOPfL"
}

正式开发

在开发前首先需要在公众平台里设置网页授权信息

首先我们这里是用springmvc的，这里就不多说了，这里编写了一个userAction，我们在微信的自定义菜单添加一个按钮指向这里的getWxUserMsg方法，自定义菜单的设置在之前已经说过了。

package com.feng.web.controller;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;

import com.feng.web.model.WebAccessToken;
import com.feng.web.model.WxConfig;
import com.feng.web.model.WxUser;
import com.feng.web.service.util.GsonUtils;
import com.feng.web.service.util.NetUtil;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/user")
public class UserAction {

    @RequestMapping(value="getWxUserMsg", method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getWxUserMsg(Model model, String code){
        System.out.println("useraction: "+code);
        String url = String.format(WxConfig.GET_WEBTOKEN, "wxa1d7918774ce0f09", "8cfb267d462eae71fb365eb9e35dc201", code);
        
        String resp = NetUtil.httpGet(url);
        
        WebAccessToken webAccessToken = GsonUtils.json2Bean(resp, WebAccessToken.class);
        if(webAccessToken != null){
            url = String.format(WxConfig.GET_USERMSG, webAccessToken.getAccess_token(), webAccessToken.getOpenid());
            resp = NetUtil.httpGet(url);
            model.addAttribute("user", GsonUtils.json2Bean(resp, WxUser.class));
        }
        
        return "user/wsusermsg";
    }
}

WebAccessToken

package com.feng.web.model;

public class WebAccessToken {

    private String access_token;
    private int expires_in;
    private String refresh_token;
    private String openid;
    private String scope;
    public String getAccess_token() {
        return access_token;
    }
    public void setAccess_token(String access_token) {
        this.access_token = access_token;
    }
    public int getExpires_in() {
        return expires_in;
    }
    public void setExpires_in(int expires_in) {
        this.expires_in = expires_in;
    }
    public String getRefresh_token() {
        return refresh_token;
    }
    public void setRefresh_token(String refresh_token) {
        this.refresh_token = refresh_token;
    }
    public String getOpenid() {
        return openid;
    }
    public void setOpenid(String openid) {
        this.openid = openid;
    }
    public String getScope() {
        return scope;
    }
    public void setScope(String scope) {
        this.scope = scope;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "WebAccessToken [access_token=" + access_token + ", expires_in="
                + expires_in + ", refresh_token=" + refresh_token + ", openid="
                + openid + ", scope=" + scope + "]";
    }
}

WxConfig

package com.feng.web.model;


public class WxConfig {
    
    //http请求方式: POST/FORM,需使用https
    public static final String UPLOAD_MEDIA = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/upload";
    //http请求方式: GET,https调用
    public static final String DOWNLOAD_MEDIA = "http://file.api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/media/get?access_token=%s&media_id=%s";
    //获取网页授权token
    public static final String GET_WEBTOKEN = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid=%s&secret=%s&code=%s&grant_type=authorization_code";
    //获取用户信息
    public static final String GET_USERMSG = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=%s&openid=%s&lang=zh_CN";
}

获取完会跳转到wsusermsg.jsp, 这里就简单地显示用户的信息

<body>
    openid: ${user.openid} <br/>
    nickname: ${user.nickname} <br/>
    sex: ${user.sex} <br/>
    province: ${user.province} <br/>
    city: ${user.city} <br/>
    country: ${user.country} <br/>
    headimgurl: ${user.headimgurl} <br/>
    <img src="${user.headimgurl}" /> <br/>
    unionid: ${user.unionid} <br/>
</body>

调试结果：