[Leetcode] DP-- 467. Unique Substrings in Wraparound String

Consider the string s to be the infinite wraparound string of "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", so s will look like this: "...zabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcd....".

Now we have another string p. Your job is to find out how many unique non-empty substrings of p are present in s. In particular, your input is the string p and you need to output the number of different non-empty substrings of p in the string s.

Note: p consists of only lowercase English letters and the size of p might be over 10000.

Example 1:

Input: "a"
Output: 1

Explanation: Only the substring "a" of string "a" is in the string s. 

Example 2:

Input: "cac"
Output: 2
Explanation: There are two substrings "a", "c" of string "cac" in the string s.

Example 3:

Input: "zab"
Output: 6
Explanation: There are six substrings "z", "a", "b", "za", "ab", "zab" of string "zab" in the string s.


Solution:

1. naive method to get all the substring from p and judge whether it is in the wrapround string

 

2. use DP

 for naive method, there are lots of repetition

 

1) for string p:  "abcd" 

a => ends with "a", there are total 1 here

ab =>  ends with b,  there are "ab",  "b", total 2

abc => ends with c,  there are "abc", "bc" , "c",   total 3 

abcd =>ends with d, there are "abcd", "bcd", "cd", "d" , total 4

 

the answer of the substring is 1+2+3+4 

 

so the number of unique substirng of p in s is for every letter in p which has the maximum unique continuous substring end in each character and then sum,

but it needs to get rid of the duplicated one

 

2) if string p : "abcdabc"

the latter "abc" will be duplicated for ending character a, b, c.

therefore, we need to get the maximum of number of substring in same ending character.

 

3) if string p: ade

     ad is not continous substring, so     the maximum of number of substring ending in "d" will be 1 again

 

  if p is None or len(p) == 0: 
            return 0
        dp= [0] * 26              # 26 letters
        maxCnt = 0
        
        for i in range(0, len(p)):
            if i > 0 and (ord(p[i]) - ord(p[i-1]) == 1 or ord(p[i-1]) - ord(p[i]) == 25):
                maxCnt += 1
            else:
                maxCnt = 1
            index = ord(p[i]) - 97
            
            dp[index] = max(dp[index], maxCnt)
            
            #print ("directly: ", p[i], dp[index])
        
        ans = 0
        for ele in dp:
            ans += ele
        return ans