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  • xml模块

    xml是实现不同语言或程序之间进行数据交换的协议,跟json差不多,但json使用起来更简单,不过,古时候,在json还没诞生的黑暗年代,大家只能选择用xml呀,至今很多传统公司如金融行业的很多系统的接口还主要是xml。

    xml的格式如下,就是通过<>节点来区别数据结构的:

    <?xml version="1.0"?>
    <data>
        <country name="Liechtenstein">
            <rank updated="yes">2</rank>
            <year>2008</year>
            <gdppc>141100</gdppc>
            <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>
            <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>
        </country>
        <country name="Singapore">
            <rank updated="yes">5</rank>
            <year>2011</year>
            <gdppc>59900</gdppc>
            <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>
        </country>
        <country name="Panama">
            <rank updated="yes">69</rank>
            <year>2011</year>
            <gdppc>13600</gdppc>
            <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>
            <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>
        </country>
    </data>

    xml协议在各个语言里的都 是支持的,在python中可以用以下模块操作xml

    import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
    
    tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
    root = tree.getroot()
    print(root.tag)
    
    #遍历xml文档
    for child in root:
        print(child.tag, child.attrib)
        for i in child:
            print(i.tag,i.text)
    
    #只遍历year 节点
    for node in root.iter('year'):
        print(node.tag,node.text)

    import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
    
    tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")
    root = tree.getroot()
    
    #修改
    for node in root.iter('year'):
        new_year = int(node.text) + 1
        node.text = str(new_year)
        node.set("updated","yes")
    
    tree.write("xmltest.xml")
    
    
    #删除node
    for country in root.findall('country'):
       rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
       if rank > 50:
         root.remove(country)
    
    tree.write('output.xml')

    import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
    
    
    new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")
    name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})
    age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})
    sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")
    sex.text = '33'
    name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})
    age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")
    age.text = '19'
    
    et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象
    et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)
    
    ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式
     
     


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/anzhangjun/p/8448599.html
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