1.grouping sets
grouping sets子句都可以根据UNION连接的多个GROUP BY查询进行逻辑表示
SELECT a,b,SUM(c)FROM tab1 GROUP BY a,b GROUPING SETS((a,b),a,b,())
等价于
SELECT a,b,SUM(c)FROM tab1 GROUP BY a,b
union
SELECT a,null,SUM(c)FROM tab1 GROUP BY a,null
union
SELECT null,b,SUM(c)FROM tab1 GROUP BY null,b
union
SELECT null,null,SUM(c)FROM tab1
2.GROUPING__ID
注意是两个下划线相连,说明聚合结果是属于(grouping sets)哪一个子集的的。
SELECT key, value, GROUPING__ID,count(*)
FROM T1
GROUP BY key, value
GROUPING SETS((key,value),key,value)
;
等价于
SELECT key, value,1,count(*) -- 属于第1个GROUPING SETS子集,即(key,value)
FROM T1
GROUP BY key, value
union
SELECT key, NULL,2,count(*) -- 属于第2个GROUPING SETS子集,即key
FROM T1
GROUP BY key
union
SELECT NULL, value,3,count(*) -- 属于第3个GROUPING SETS子集,即value
FROM T1
GROUP BY value
3.WITH CUBE
CUBE是是group by字段的所有组合
GROUP BY a,b,c WITH CUBE
等同于
GROUP BY a,b,c GROUPING SETS((a,b,c),(a,b),(b,c), (a,c),(a),(b),(c),())
4.WITH ROLLUP
ROLLUP子句与GROUP BY一起用于计算维度的层次结构级别的聚合。
GROUP BY a,b,c,WITH ROLLUP
等同于
GROUP BY a,b,c GROUPING SETS((a,b,c),(a,b),(a),())