为了方便部分精力少的朋友, 本文开始就直接介绍安卓获取输入法高度的方法,然后再逐步讲解。
安卓获取输入法高度
前言
在某些场景下, 比如写一个聊天界面,包括输入框和发送以及上面的消息列表,简单的使用LinearLayout或者RelativeLayout布局,当点击输入框,键盘弹起后,通常是不会遮挡输入框和发送的(有时就比较蛋疼了,不知为啥,它就是遮挡),因为它们也随键盘弹了起来。但布局再复杂点,比如说再加个表情栏或者更多栏,这样你肯定要手动控制输入框的高度了。因此,你就必须手动控制输入框的升降,但问题是升多高呢???这时,就要想办法获取输入法高度了(~ ̄▽ ̄)~
由于目前安卓上还没有提供直接获取输入法高度的api,因此只好我们自己想办法获取它的高度了。
注: 此思路由国外一大神提出,附上他的 Github ;
清单
这里有两个文件:
- interface KeyboardHeightObserver
- class KeyboardHeightProvider
前一个用在待观测页面的作为回调函数, 后面是主要的方法所在的类了。
开始
文章后面会附上源码,引入这两个文件后,在要获取输入法高度的页面,首先实现接口KeyboardHeightObserver,即第一个文件,并重写里面的方法;
然后再定义变量 KeyboardHeightProvider keyboardHeightProvider;
实例化
/**
* Construct a new KeyboardHeightProvider
*
* @param activity The parent activity
* @param layoutId R.layout.*
*/
// 以上为构造函数的相关注释,当然这里是我修改的,这样可以同时支持观测多个页面
keyboardHeightProvider = new KeyboardHeightProvider(this, R.layout.activity_chat);
new Handler().post(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
keyboardHeightProvider.start();
}
});
这时还要在onStart()函数里面加上 keyboardHeightProvider.setKeyboardHeightObserver(this); 即:
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
// 这里使用了刚才实现的接口
keyboardHeightProvider.setKeyboardHeightObserver(this);
}
考虑更全的话, 还可以加上以下语句:
@Override
public void onPause() {
super.onPause();
keyboardHeightProvider.setKeyboardHeightObserver(null);
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
keyboardHeightProvider.close();
}
这样一来,在回调函数 onKeyboardHeightChanged里面就回收到回调结果了,大功告成!
ViewTreeObserver讲解
这里就结合上面输入法的例子,讲讲ViewTreeObserver。
获取输入法高度原理
思路
在要获取输入法高度的页面,创建一个看不见的弹窗,即宽为0,高为全屏,并为弹窗设置全局布局监听器。当布局有变化,比如有输入法弹窗出现或消失时, 监听器回调函数就会被调用。而其中的关键就是当输入法弹出时, 它会把之前我们创建的那个看不见的弹窗往上挤, 这样我们创建的那个弹窗的位置就变化了,只要获取它底部高度的变化值就可以间接的获取输入法的高度了。
实现
首先创建类KeyboardHeightProvider, 继承自PopupWindow;
然后构造器内完成相关初始化:
super(activity);
this.activity = activity;
LayoutInflater inflator = (LayoutInflater) activity.getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
this.popupView = inflator.inflate(layoutId, null, false);
setContentView(popupView);
setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_RESIZE | WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_VISIBLE);
setInputMethodMode(PopupWindow.INPUT_METHOD_NEEDED);
parentView = activity.findViewById(android.R.id.content);
// 设置宽高
setWidth(0);
setHeight(WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
然后就是重点,为popupView的观测者(感觉用 ViewTreeObserver还是更合适)设置全局布局监听器
popupView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
if (popupView != null) {
handleOnGlobalLayout();
}
}
});
其中handleOnGlobalLayout函数功能则是:获取弹窗高度,并作差得出输入法高度,以及通知回调。
/**
* Popup window itself is as big as the window of the Activity.
* The keyboard can then be calculated by extracting the popup view bottom
* from the activity window height.
*/
private void handleOnGlobalLayout() {
Point screenSize = new Point();
activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getSize(screenSize);
Rect rect = new Rect();
popupView.getWindowVisibleDisplayFrame(rect);
// REMIND, you may like to change this using the fullscreen size of the phone
// and also using the status bar and navigation bar heights of the phone to calculate
// the keyboard height. But this worked fine on a Nexus.
int orientation = getScreenOrientation();
int keyboardHeight = screenSize.y - rect.bottom;
if (keyboardHeight == 0) {
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(0, orientation);
}
else if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT) {
this.keyboardPortraitHeight = keyboardHeight;
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(keyboardPortraitHeight, orientation);
}
else {
this.keyboardLandscapeHeight = keyboardHeight;
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(keyboardLandscapeHeight, orientation);
}
}
嗯,大概就是这样(* ̄3 ̄)╭
关于ViewTreeObserver
定义
首先自然要给出官方的定义:
/**
* A view tree observer is used to register listeners that can be notified of global
* changes in the view tree. Such global events include, but are not limited to,
* layout of the whole tree, beginning of the drawing pass, touch mode change....
*
* A ViewTreeObserver should never be instantiated by applications as it is provided
* by the views hierarchy. Refer to {@link android.view.View#getViewTreeObserver()}
* for more information.
*/
翻译过来大概是
// 原谅我英语不好(╯︿╰), 不过我发现谷歌翻译的效果还是不错的
/**
* 视图树观察器用于注册可以在视图树中通知全局
* 更改的侦听器。此类全局事件包括但不限于
* 整个树的布局,绘图过程的开始,触摸模式更改....
*
* ViewTreeObserver永远不应由应用程序实例化,因为它由视图层次结构提供
* 。有关更多信息,请参阅{@link android.view.View#getViewTreeObserver()}
* 。
*/
继承
java.lang.Object
↳ android.view.ViewTreeObserver
直接继承自Object,没有另外的继承关系
摘要
Nested Classes |
---|
interface |
interface |
interface |
interface |
interface |
interface |
另外方法挺多的, 我就不列举了。
获取View高度的三种方法
注: 此处参考了小马快跑 的博客
在某些时候,我们要获取view的高度,但获取到的为0,为什么呢?这样通常时由于页面还未测量导致的,比如在onCreate中调用的话就会直接返回0。这是就需要我们手动获取了。
View的MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED
通过设置View的MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED来测量:
int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
view.measure(w, h);
//获得宽高
int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth();
int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight();
设置我们的SpecMode为UNSPECIFIED,然后去调用onMeasure测量宽高,就可以得到宽高。
ViewTreeObserver .addOnGlobalLayoutListener
通过ViewTreeObserver .addOnGlobalLayoutListener来获得宽高,当获得正确的宽高后,请移除这个观察者,否则回调会多次执行:
//获得ViewTreeObserver
ViewTreeObserver observer=view.getViewTreeObserver();
//注册观察者,监听变化
observer.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
//判断ViewTreeObserver 是否alive,如果存活的话移除这个观察者
if(observer.isAlive()){
observer.removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this);
//获得宽高
int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth();
int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight();
}
}
});
ViewTreeObserver .addOnPreDrawListener
通过ViewTreeObserver .addOnPreDrawListener来获得宽高,在执行onDraw之前已经执行了onLayout()和onMeasure(),可以得到宽高了,当获得正确的宽高后,请移除这个观察者,否则回调会多次执行
//获得ViewTreeObserver
ViewTreeObserver observer=view.getViewTreeObserver();
//注册观察者,监听变化
observer.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() {
@Override
public boolean onPreDraw() {
if(observer.isAlive()){
observer.removeOnDrawListener(this);
}
//获得宽高
int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth();
int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight();
return true;
}
});
源码
interface KeyboardHeightObserver
public interface KeyboardHeightObserver {
/**
* Called when the keyboard height has changed, 0 means keyboard is closed,
* >= 1 means keyboard is opened.
*
* @param height The height of the keyboard in pixels
* @param orientation The orientation either: Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT or
* Configuration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE
*/
void onKeyboardHeightChanged(int height, int orientation);
}
class KeyboardHeightProvider
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.graphics.Point;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.graphics.drawable.ColorDrawable;
import android.view.Gravity;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewTreeObserver;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.PopupWindow;
/**
* The keyboard height provider, this class uses a PopupWindow
* to calculate the window height when the floating keyboard is opened and closed.
*/
public class KeyboardHeightProvider extends PopupWindow {
/** The tag for logging purposes */
private final static String TAG = "sample_KeyboardHeightProvider";
/** The keyboard height observer */
private KeyboardHeightObserver observer;
/** The cached landscape height of the keyboard */
private int keyboardLandscapeHeight;
/** The cached portrait height of the keyboard */
private int keyboardPortraitHeight;
/** The view that is used to calculate the keyboard height */
private View popupView;
/** The parent view */
private View parentView;
/** The root activity that uses this KeyboardHeightProvider */
private Activity activity;
/**
* Construct a new KeyboardHeightProvider
*
* @param activity The parent activity
* @param layoutId R.layout.*
*/
public KeyboardHeightProvider(Activity activity, int layoutId) {
super(activity);
this.activity = activity;
LayoutInflater inflator = (LayoutInflater) activity.getSystemService(Activity.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
this.popupView = inflator.inflate(layoutId, null, false);
setContentView(popupView);
setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_RESIZE | WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_ALWAYS_VISIBLE);
setInputMethodMode(PopupWindow.INPUT_METHOD_NEEDED);
parentView = activity.findViewById(android.R.id.content);
setWidth(0);
setHeight(WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
popupView.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() {
@Override
public void onGlobalLayout() {
if (popupView != null) {
handleOnGlobalLayout();
}
}
});
}
/**
* Start the KeyboardHeightProvider, this must be called after the onResume of the Activity.
* PopupWindows are not allowed to be registered before the onResume has finished
* of the Activity.
*/
public void start() {
if (!isShowing() && parentView.getWindowToken() != null) {
setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(0));
showAtLocation(parentView, Gravity.NO_GRAVITY, 0, 0);
}
}
/**
* Close the keyboard height provider,
* this provider will not be used anymore.
*/
public void close() {
this.observer = null;
dismiss();
}
/**
* Set the keyboard height observer to this provider. The
* observer will be notified when the keyboard height has changed.
* For example when the keyboard is opened or closed.
*
* @param observer The observer to be added to this provider.
*/
public void setKeyboardHeightObserver(KeyboardHeightObserver observer) {
this.observer = observer;
}
/**
* Get the screen orientation
*
* @return the screen orientation
*/
private int getScreenOrientation() {
return activity.getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
}
/**
* Popup window itself is as big as the window of the Activity.
* The keyboard can then be calculated by extracting the popup view bottom
* from the activity window height.
*/
private void handleOnGlobalLayout() {
Point screenSize = new Point();
activity.getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay().getSize(screenSize);
Rect rect = new Rect();
popupView.getWindowVisibleDisplayFrame(rect);
// REMIND, you may like to change this using the fullscreen size of the phone
// and also using the status bar and navigation bar heights of the phone to calculate
// the keyboard height. But this worked fine on a Nexus.
int orientation = getScreenOrientation();
int keyboardHeight = screenSize.y - rect.bottom;
if (keyboardHeight == 0) {
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(0, orientation);
}
else if (orientation == Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT) {
this.keyboardPortraitHeight = keyboardHeight;
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(keyboardPortraitHeight, orientation);
}
else {
this.keyboardLandscapeHeight = keyboardHeight;
notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(keyboardLandscapeHeight, orientation);
}
}
private void notifyKeyboardHeightChanged(int height, int orientation) {
if (observer != null) {
observer.onKeyboardHeightChanged(height, orientation);
}
}
}