Reflux 使用教程

Reflux是根据React的flux创建的单向数据流类库。
Reflux的单向数据流模式主要由actions和stores组成。例如，当组件list新增item时，会调用actions的某个方法（如addItem(data)）,并将新的数据当参数传递进去，通过事件机制，数据会传递到stroes中，stores可以向服务器发起请求，并更新数据数据库。数据更新成功后，还是通过事件机制传递的组件list当中，并更新ui。整个过程的对接是通过事件驱动的。就像这样：

╔═════════╗       ╔════════╗       ╔═════════════════╗
║ Actions ║──────>║ Stores ║──────>║ View Components ║
╚═════════╝       ╚════════╝       ╚═════════════════╝
     ^                                      │
     └──────────────────────────────────────┘

代码看起来像这样的：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'addItem'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    items: [1, 2],
    listenables: [TodoActions],
    onAddItem: function (model) {
        $.post('/server/add', {data: model}, function (data) {
            this.items.unshift(data);
            this.trigger(this.items);
        });
    }
});


var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    mixins: [Reflux.listenTo(TodoStore, 'onStatusChange')],
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    onStatusChange: function () {
        this.setState({list: TodoStore.items});
    },
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function (item) {
                    return <p>{item}</p>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});


React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

同React Flux比较

相同点

• 有actions
• 有stores
• 单向数据流

不同点

• 通过内部拓展actions的行为，移除了单例的dispatcher
• stores可以监听actions的行为，无需进行冗杂的switch判断
• stores可以相互监听，可以进行进一步的数据聚合操作，类似于，map/reduce
• waitFor被连续和平行的数据流所替代

创建Action

var statusUpdate = Reflux.createAction(options);

返回值是一个函数，调用这个函数就会触发相应的事件，在store中监听这个函数，并作相应的处理

var addItem = Reflux.createAction();

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

addItem({name: 'xxx'});

创建多个Action

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'addItem',
    'deleteItem'
]);

store监听actions的行为：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'addItem',
    'deleteItem'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.addItem, 'addItem');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.deleteItem, 'deleteItem');
    },
    addItem: function (model) {
       console.log(model)
    },
    deleteItem:function(model){
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoActions.addItem({name:'xxx'});
TodoActions.deleteItem({name:'yyy'});

异步Action

真实的应用场景中，几乎所有的操作都会向后端请求，而这些操作都是异步的，Reflux也提供了相应的Promise接口

var getAll = Reflux.createAction({asyncResult:true});

例如获取全部数据：

var getAll = Reflux.createAction({asyncResult: true});

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(getAll, 'getAll');
    },
    getAll: function (model) {
        $.get('/all', function (data) {
            if (data) {
                getAll.completed(data);
            } else {
                getAll.failed(data);
            }

        });
    }
});

getAll({name: 'xxx'})
    .then(function (data) {
        console.log(data);
    })
    .catch(function (err) {
        throw err;
    });

Action hooks

Reflux为每个action都提供了两个hook方法

• preEmit(params)，action emit之前调用，参数是action传递过来的，返回值会传递给shouldEmit
• shouldEmit(params) action emit之前调用，参数默认是action传递，如果preEmit有返回值，则是preEmit返回值，返回值决定是否emit

情景一：

var addItem = Reflux.createAction({
    preEmit: function (params) {
        console.log('preEmit:' + params);           
    },
    shouldEmit: function (params) {
        console.log('shouldEmit:' + params);           
    }
});

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (params) {
        console.log('addItem:' + params);
    }
});

addItem('xxx');

控制台打印
$ preEmit:xxx
$ shouldEmit:xxx

情景二：

var addItem = Reflux.createAction({
    preEmit: function (params) {
        console.log('preEmit:' + params);
        return 324;
    },
    shouldEmit: function (params) {
        console.log('shouldEmit:' + params);
        return true;
    }
});

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (params) {
        console.log('addItem:' + params);
    }
});

addItem('xxx');

控制台打印
$ preEmit:xxx
$ shouldEmit:324
$ addItem:324

注意几个返回值和参数的关系

Action Methods

当需要给所有的action添加公用方法时，可以这么干：

Reflux.ActionMethods.print = function (str) {
    console.log(str);
};

var addItem = Reflux.createAction();

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (params) {
        console.log('addItem:' + params);
    }
});

addItem.print('xxx');

trigger、triggerAsync和triggerPromise

直接调用addItem()实际上是调用trigger或者triggerAsync或者triggerPromise，它们区别在于

var addItem = Reflux.createAction(); addItem();                 #默认调用triggerAsync，相当于addItem.triggerAsync()
var addItem = Reflux.createAction({sync:true});addItem();       #默认调用trigger，相当于addItem.trigger()
var addItem = Reflux.createAction({asyncResult:true});addItem();#默认调用triggerPromise，相当于addItem.triggerPromise()

trigger和triggerAsync区别在于：

triggerAsync = setTimeout(function () {
    trigger()
}, 0);

trigger和triggerPromise区别在于，triggerPromise的返回值是promise

创建Store

Store可以响应Action的行为，并同服务器交互。

监听单个Action

在init方法中添加监听处理

var addItem = Reflux.createAction();

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

addItem({name: 'xxx'});

监听多个Action

作死写法

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'addItem',
    'deleteItem'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.addItem, 'addItem');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.deleteItem, 'deleteItem');
    },
    addItem: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    },
    deleteItem: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoActions.addItem({name: 'xxx'});
TodoActions.deleteItem({name: 'yyy'});

两个action的时候在init里写了两遍监听处理方法，如果有十个甚至多个的话，写起来就像这样的：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'item1',
    'item2',
    'item3',
    'item4',
    'item5',
    'item6',
    'item7',
    'item8',
    'item9',
    'item10'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item1, 'item1');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item2, 'item2');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item3, 'item3');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item4, 'item4');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item5, 'item5');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item6, 'item6');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item7, 'item7');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item8, 'item8');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item9, 'item9');
        this.listenTo(TodoActions.item10, 'item10');

    },
    item1: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    },
    item2: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoActions.item1({name: 'xxx'});
TodoActions.item2({name: 'yyy'});

listenToMany

还好Reflux给我们提供了listenToMany方法，避免重复劳动：

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'item1',
    'item2',
    'item3',
    'item4',
    'item5',
    'item6',
    'item7',
    'item8',
    'item9',
    'item10'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenToMany(TodoActions);
    },
    onItem1: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    },
    onItem2: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoActions.item1({name: 'xxx'});
TodoActions.item2({name: 'yyy'});

处理方法只需让action的标识首字母大写并加上on就可以了。

标识如果首字母大写就会识别不了，例如将上面的item1改成Itme1。这坑爹的！

listenables

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'item1',
    'item2',
    'item3',
    'item4',
    'item5',
    'item6',
    'item7',
    'item8',
    'item9',
    'item10'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    listenables: [TodoActions],
    onItem1: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    },
    onItem2: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoActions.item1({name: 'xxx'});
TodoActions.item2({name: 'yyy'});

一般我们写真实应用的时候都应该采用这种写法！！！

Store Methods

拓展Store的公用方法有两种方式。

方式一

Reflux.StoreMethods.print = function (str) {
    console.log(str);
};

var addItem = Reflux.createAction();

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoStore.print('rrr');

方式二

var Mixins = {
    print: function (str) {
        console.log(str);
    }
}

var addItem = Reflux.createAction();

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    mixins: [Mixins],
    init: function () {
        this.listenTo(addItem, 'addItem');
    },
    addItem: function (model) {
        console.log(model);
    }
});

TodoStore.print('rrr');

同组件结合

前面说了，Action、Store和组件这三者是通过事件机制响应变化的，构建组件的时候首先需要监听Store的状态。
先定义Action和Store

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'getAll'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    items: [1,2,3],
    listenables: [TodoActions],
    onGetAll: function () {
        this.trigger(this.items);
    }
});

基本

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    onStatusChange: function (list) {
        this.setState({list: list});
    },
    componentDidMount: function () {
        this.unsubscribe = TodoStore.listen(this.onStatusChange);
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },
    componentWillUnmount: function () {
        this.unsubscribe();
    },
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function (item) {
                    return <p>{item}</p>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});    
React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

这里有两点需要注意：

• 当组件的生命周期结束时需要解除对Store的监听
• 当Store调用trigger时，才会执行onStatusChange函数，所以每次Store更新时，需要手动调用trigger函数

Mixins

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    mixins: [Reflux.ListenerMixin],
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    onStatusChange: function (list) {
        this.setState({list: list});
    },
    componentDidMount: function () {
        this.unsubscribe = TodoStore.listen(this.onStatusChange);
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function (item) {
                    return <p>{item}</p>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});
React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

Reflux.listenTo

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    mixins: [Reflux.listenTo(TodoStore,'onStatusChange')],
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    onStatusChange: function (list) {
        this.setState({list: list});
    },
    componentDidMount: function () {
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function (item) {
                    return <p>{item}</p>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});
React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

Reflux.connect

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    mixins: [Reflux.connect(TodoStore,'list')],
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    componentDidMount: function () {
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function (item) {
                    return <p>{item}</p>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});
React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

数据会自动更新到state的list当中。

Reflux.connectFilter

var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    mixins: [Reflux.connectFilter(TodoStore, 'list', function (list) {
        return list.filter(function (item) {
            return item > 1;
        });
    })],
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    componentDidMount: function () {
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function (item) {
                    return <p>{item}</p>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});
React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

对数据加了一层过滤器。

以上便Component同Store交互的内容，大家可以根据实际情况选择不同的写法。

小结

我这人喜欢拿代码来表述思想。

var TodoActions = Reflux.createActions([
    'getAll',
    'addItem',
    'deleteItem',
    'updateItem'
]);

var TodoStore = Reflux.createStore({
    items: [1, 2, 3],
    listenables: [TodoActions],
    onGetAll: function () {
        $.get('/all', function (data) {
            this.items = data;
            this.trigger(this.items);
        }.bind(this));
    },
    onAddItem: function (model) {
        $.post('/add', model, function (data) {
            this.items.unshift(data);
            this.trigger(this.items);
        }.bind(this));
    },
    onDeleteItem: function (model, index) {
        $.post('/delete', model, function (data) {
            this.items.splice(index, 1);
            this.trigger(this.items);
        }.bind(this));
    },
    onUpdateItem: function (model, index) {
        $.post('/update', model, function (data) {
            this.items[index] = data;
            this.trigger(this.items);
        }.bind(this));
    }
});


var TodoComponent = React.createClass({
    mixins: [Reflux.connect(TodoStore, 'list')],
    getInitialState: function () {
        return {list: []};
    },
    componentDidMount: function () {
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },   
    render: function () {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.state.list.map(function(item){
                    return <TodoItem data={item}/>
                })}
            </div>
        )
    }
});

var TodoItem = React.createClass({
    componentDidMount: function () {
        TodoActions.getAll();
    },
    handleAdd: function (model) {
        TodoActions.addItem(model);
    },
    handleDelete: function (model,index) {
        TodoActions.deleteItem(model,index);
    },
    handleUpdate: function (model) {
        TodoActions.updateItem(model);
    },
    render: function () {
        var item=this.props.data;
        return (
            <div>
                <p>{item.name}</p>
                <p>{item.email}</p>
                <p>/*操作按钮*/</p>
            </div>
        )
    }
});
React.render(<TodoComponent />, document.getElementById('container'));

实际情况远比这复杂，只是提供一个思路供大家参考。