cobbler一键多台安装服务

文章目录

• 环境准备
• 关闭防火墙，selinux，配置网络源
• 使用阿里源
• 安装相关软件包，并启动服务
• 修改配置文件
• 下载缺失文件
• 启动rsync，设置开机自启动，修改配置文件，添加密码
• 重新启动cobler，检查配置
• 再次查看防火墙，修改相关配置文件
• 导入镜像
• 创建ks部署脚本
• 编辑ks脚本
• 检查语法是否错误
• 同步cobbler，重新启动服务
• 新建一台虚拟机

---

环境准备

• 使用NAT链接模式，勾选dhcp自动分配，在网卡配置文件中修改为dhcp自动获取IP，开机自启动，重启网络服务可以ping通百度

关闭防火墙，selinux，配置网络源

[root@bad ~]# systemctl stop firewalld  //关闭防火墙
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
//获取163网络源
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# curl -o 163.repo http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  1572  100  1572    0     0    457      0  0:00:03  0:00:03 --:--:--   457
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# ls
163.repo  yum.repo
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/$releasever/7/g' 163.repo   //替换版本号为当前系统的主版本号
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' 163.repo   //启用163.repo源
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# yum install -y epel-release   //下载网络源
//安装cobbler及相关软件包
[root@bad yum.repos.d]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp python-ctypes cobbler

使用阿里源

[root@bad ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
--2019-11-28 05:07:03--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
。。。
100%[=====================================>] 664         --.-K/s   in 0s      

2019-11-28 05:07:03 (152 MB/s) - ‘/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo’ saved [664/664]

安装相关软件包，并启动服务

[root@bad ~]# yum -y install cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart debmirror httpd dhcp tftp-server xinetd syslinux rsync
[root@bad ~]# systemctl start httpd   //启动http服务
[root@bad ~]# systemctl enable httpd   //设置开机自启动
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service'
[root@bad ~]# systemctl start cobblerd  //启动cobbler
[root@bad ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd   //设置开机自启动
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/cobblerd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/cobblerd.service'

修改配置文件

//修改server的ip地址为本机的ip
[root@bad ~]# sed -i 's/^server: 127.0.0.1/server: 192.168.10.24/' /etc/cobbler/settings   //修改server的ip地址为本机的ip
//修改tftp的ip地址为本机ip
[root@bad ~]# sed -i 's/^next_server: 127.0.0.1/next_server: 192.168.10.24/' /etc/cobbler/settings   //修改tftp的ip地址为本机ip
//开启tftp
[root@bad ~]# sed -i '/disable/s/yes/no/g' /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

下载缺失文件

[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd   //重新启动cobbler
[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart httpd   //重新启动httpd
[root@bad ~]# cobbler get-loaders   //下载缺失的文件
task started: 2019-11-28_054701_get_loaders
task started (id=Download Bootloader Content, time=Thu Nov 28 05:47:01 2019)
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/README already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
。。。
path /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/grub-x86_64.efi already exists, not overwriting existing content, use --force if you wish to update
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

如果下载缺失文件失败，尝试以下步骤，并重新启动cobbler和http
yum -y install syslinux   //安装引导加载程序
cp /usr/share/syslinux/menu.c32 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/
cp /usr/share/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/

启动rsync，设置开机自启动，修改配置文件，添加密码

[root@bad ~]# systemctl start rsyncd   //启动rsync
[root@bad ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd   //设置开机自动启动
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service'
[root@bad ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt "$RANDOM" '123'   //生成加密密码
$1$25895$eKsGdiCzUnpI95DNkOgkN.   //加密的密码
[root@bad ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings   //将随机密码写入配置文件中

重新启动cobler，检查配置

[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd   //重新启动cobbler
[root@bad ~]# ss -antl   //查看已开启的端口
State       Recv-Q Send-Q       Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port 
LISTEN      0      100              127.0.0.1:25                      *:*     
LISTEN      0      128                      *:59998                   *:*     
LISTEN      0      5                127.0.0.1:25151                   *:*     
LISTEN      0      64                       *:2049                    *:*     
。。。
[root@bad ~]# cobbler check   //核对当前设置是否有误
The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:
1 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories  
2 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. 
以上两个问题可以忽略
Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.
[root@bad ~]# reboot   //重启

再次查看防火墙，修改相关配置文件

[root@bad ~]# systemctl status firewalld   //查看防火墙是否关闭
firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; disabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)

//配置cobbler dhcp 修改cobbler配置文件，让cobbler控制dhcp
[root@bad ~]# sed -i '/^manage_dhcp/s/0/1/g' /etc/cobbler/settings 
[root@bad ~]# sed -n '/^manage_dhcp/p' /etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp: 1
[root@bad ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template   //配置dhcp
subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
     option routers             192.168.10.24;
     option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.2;
     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;
     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.10.100 192.168.10.254;
     default-lease-time         21600;
     max-lease-time             43200;
     next-server                $next_server;
[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd   //重启服务
[root@bad ~]# cobbler sync   //完成sync同步配置
task started: 2019-12-14_103711_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Dec 14 10:37:11 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
。。。
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@bad ~]# 

导入镜像

[root@bad ~]# netstat -anulp | grep dhcp   //检查dhcp是否正常
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:67              0.0.0.0:*                           2329/dhcpd          
[root@bad ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/   //挂载光驱
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@bad ~]# cobbler list   //查看cobbler镜像列表
distros:
   Centos-7-x86_64
profiles:
   Centos-7-x86_64
systems:
。。。

创建ks部署脚本

//创建kickstarts自动安装脚本
[root@bad ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt --name=Centos-7 --arch=x86_64
task started: 2019-12-14_104002_import
task started (id=Media import, time=Sat Dec 14 10:40:02 2019)
Found a candidate signature: breed=redhat, version=rhel6
。。。
creating new profile: Centos-7-x86_64
associating repos
checking for rsync repo(s)
checking for rhn repo(s)
checking for yum repo(s)
。。。
looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage/repodata/*comps*.xml
Keeping repodata as-is :/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/Centos-7-x86_64/addons/ResilientStorage/repodata
*** TASK COMPLETE ***

编辑ks脚本

//编辑此文件，把以下内容写入到文件中
[root@bad ~]# vim /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos-7-x86_64.ks
install  
keyboard 'us'  
rootpw --iscrypted $1$m1pE0DG6$vALBphGGynqvUzfJaWZ6U1  

url --url="$tree"  
lang en_US  
firewall --disabled  
auth  --useshadow  --passalgo=sha512  
graphical  
firstboot --disable  

selinux --disabled  

network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0  
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth1  

reboot  

timezone Asia/Shanghai  
bootloader --location=mbr  
zerombr  

clearpart --all --initlabel  

part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=200  
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1024  
part / --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1  
%packages  
@base  
@core  
@compat-libraries  
@debugging  
@development  
@gnome-desktop  
@X Window System  
%end  

检查语法是否错误

[root@bad ~]# cobbler validateks   //检查语法是否错误
task started: 2019-12-14_105811_validateks
task started (id=Kickstart Validation, time=Sat Dec 14 10:58:11 2019)
----------------------------
osversion: rhel7
checking url: http://192.168.10.24/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/Centos-7-x86_64
running: /usr/bin/ksvalidator -v "rhel7" "http://192.168.10.24/cblr/svc/op/ks/profile/Centos-7-x86_64"
received on stdout: 
received on stderr: 
*** all kickstarts seem to be ok ***
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@bad ~]# cobbler profile list   //查看当前cobbler有哪些配置文件
   Centos-7-x86_64

//修改profile将我们新建的ks文件设为默认的kickstarts安装文件 
[root@bad ~]# cobbler profile edit --name Centos-7-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos-7-x86_64.ks

//配合网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
[root@bad ~]# cobbler profile edit --name Centos-7-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'
[root@bad ~]# cobbler profile report   //配合网卡名称为传统网卡名称eth0
Name                           : Centos-7-x86_64
TFTP Boot Files                : {}
Comment                        : 
DHCP Tag                       : default
Distribution                   : Centos-7-x86_64
Enable gPXE?                   : 0
Enable PXE Menu?               : 1
。。。

同步cobbler，重新启动服务

[root@bad ~]# cobbler sync   //同步cobbler
task started: 2019-12-14_110250_sync
task started (id=Sync, time=Sat Dec 14 11:02:50 2019)
running pre-sync triggers
。。。
running python trigger cobbler.modules.manage_genders
running python trigger cobbler.modules.scm_track
running shell triggers from /var/lib/cobbler/triggers/change/*
*** TASK COMPLETE ***
[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart xinetd   //重新启动超级守护进程
[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd   //重新启动cobbler
[root@bad ~]# systemctl restart httpd   //重新启动http
[root@bad ~]# ss -antl   //查看已经开启的端口
State       Recv-Q Send-Q   Local Address:Port     Peer Address:Port 
LISTEN      0      100          127.0.0.1:25                  *:*     
LISTEN      0      128                  *:48189               *:*     
LISTEN      0      5            127.0.0.1:25151               *:*     
。。。
[root@bad ~]# 

新建一台虚拟机

• 与服务器端保持一致，选择NAT模式（新建过程略）

• 正在安装

• 安装完成

 

以上内容均属原创，如有不详或错误，敬请指出。

本文作者： 坏坏

本文链接： https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45668124/article/details/106360368

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