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  • IP组播综合实验


    组播综合实验

    如下拓扑:
    实验拓扑

    实验需求:

    1. 如图所示,要求在网络中部署PIM-SM协议且以静态方式指定R2为RP。
    2. 用户侧网络配置IGMPv2协议,同时需要尽可能地降低用户侧网络资源消耗,提高安全性。
    3. R5和R6连接接收者,要求在R5和RP之间建立RPT。
    4. R4连接重要的用户网络,当用户加入组播组238.1.1.1组后,需要马上就能收到组播数据

    实验分析

    1. 在路由器上配置PIM-SM,静态配置R2为RP
    2. 用户侧配置IGMPv2,并配置IGMP Snooping
    3. 客户端DR负责向RP建立RPT,根据DR的选举规则,将R5接口的DR优先级设置大于1(DR默认优先级为1)
    4. 在R4的下游接口,配置静态加组。当PC1需要组播数据,发送成员关系报告,R4就会有组播转发表项,会立即转发组播报文

    基础配置

    • PC配置
    # PC1
    IP:192.168.1.1
    NETMASK:255.255.255.0
    GATEWAY:192.168.1.254
    --------------------------
    # PC2
    IP:192.168.2.1
    NETMASK:255.255.255.0
    GATEWAY:192.168.2.254
    --------------------------
    # PC3
    IP:192.168.2.2
    NETMASK:255.255.255.0
    GATEWAY:192.168.2.254
    
    • 服务器配置
    IP:172.16.1.1
    NETMASK:255.255.255.0
    GATEWAY:172.16.1.254
    
    • 路由器配置
    #
     sysname AR1
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
     ip address 172.16.1.254 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
     ip address 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
     ip address 10.1.13.1 255.255.255.0
    
    #
     sysname AR2
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
     ip address 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
     ip address 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
     ip address 10.1.25.2 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface LoopBack0
     ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 
    

    R2的环回口方便静态配置R2为RP

    #
     sysname AR3
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
     ip address 10.1.13.3 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
     ip address 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
     ip address 10.1.36.3 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet2/0/0
     ip address 10.1.34.3 255.255.255.0 
    
    #
     sysname AR4
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
     ip address 10.1.34.4 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
     ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 
    
    #
     sysname AR5
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
     ip address 10.1.25.5 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
     ip address 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0 
    
    #
     sysname AR6
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0
     ip address 10.1.36.6 255.255.255.0 
    #
    interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
     ip address 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.0 
    

    配置VRRP

    [AR5]int g0/0/1
    [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254
    
    [AR6]int g0/0/1
    [AR6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vrrp vrid 1 virtual-ip 192.168.2.254
    

    配置OSPF

    • 实现全网互通
    [AR1]ospf
    [AR1-ospf-1]area 0
    [AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
    
    [AR2]ospf
    [AR2-ospf-1]area 0
    [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
    [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.25.0 0.0.0.255
    
    [AR3]ospf 
    [AR3-ospf-1]area 0
    [AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.13.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.36.0 0.0.0.255
    
    [AR4]ospf
    [AR4-ospf-1]area 0
    [AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255
    
    [AR5]ospf 
    [AR5-ospf-1]area 0
    [AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.25.0 0.0.0.255
    
    [AR6]ospf  
    [AR6-ospf-1]area 0
    [AR6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.255
    [AR6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 10.1.36.0 0.0.0.255
    

    测试PC与组播服务器之间的连通性

    配置PIM

    [AR1]multicast routing-enable  //开启组播功能
    [AR1]int g0/0/0
    [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]pim sm
    [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
    [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim sm
    [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
    [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]pim sm
    [AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]pim
    [AR1-pim]static-rp 2.2.2.2  //静态配置R2为RP
    
    # R2配置与R1相同
    
    [AR3]multicast routing-enable 
    [AR3]interface g0/0/0
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]pim sm
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim sm
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface g0/0/2
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]pim sm
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]interface g2/0/0
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]pim sm
    [AR3-GigabitEthernet2/0/0]pim 
    [AR3-pim]static-rp 2.2.2.2
    
    [AR4]multicast routing-enable 
    [AR4]interface g0/0/0
    [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]pim sm
    [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface g0/0/1
    [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim sm
    [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim 
    [AR4-pim]static-rp 2.2.2.2
    
    # R5、R6配置与R4相同
    

    必须先配置PIM再配置IGMP!

    配置IGMP

    [AR4]int g0/0/1
    [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp enable 
    
    [AR5]int g0/0/1
    [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp enable 
    
    [AR6]int g0/0/1
    [AR6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp enable 
    

    IGMP默认版本为IGMPv2

    开启IGMP Snooping

    [SW1]igmp-snooping enable
    

    实验过程中这里配置后,PC端无法接收到组播流量

    配置静态加组

    [AR4]int g0/0/1
    [AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]igmp static-group 238.1.1.1
    

    修改优先级

    [AR5]int g0/0/1
    [AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]pim hello-option dr-priority 100  //修改DR的优先级
    

    测试

    • 服务器、PC配置组播组为238.1.1.1
    • 配置完组播地址,一定要点目的MAC!
    • 在PC端接受组播源的组播流量

    实验易错点:

    1. RP的环回口地址没有加入OSPF(也可以指定物理接口)
    2. 检查交换机的是否开启了组播功能

    以上内容均属原创,如有不详或错误,敬请指出。
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bad5/p/13232813.html
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