Network基础(四)：MAC地址表及邻居信息查看、配置接口速率及双工模式、配置交换机管理IP

一、MAC地址表及邻居信息查看

目标：

本例要求为修改计算机名并加入工作组：

1. 查看交换机MAC地址表
2. 查看CISCO设备邻居信息

方案：

网络拓扑，如下图所示。

                               

步骤：

步骤一：查看交换机sw1的mac地址表

1）在PC1上ping PC2:192.168.1.2：

    PC>ipconfig /all
    FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
    Connection-specific DNS Suffix..:
    Physical Address................: 00E0.B079.7815
    Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::2E0:B0FF:FE79:7815
    IP Address......................: 192.168.1.1
    Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
    Default Gateway.................: 0.0.0.0
    DNS Servers.....................: 0.0.0.0
    DHCP Servers....................: 0.0.0.0
    DHCPv6 Client DUID..............: 00-01-00-01-E3-E0-53-04-00-E0-B0-79-78-15
    PC>ping 192.168.1.2
    Pinging 192.168.1.2 with 32 bytes of data:
    Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
    Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128
    Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128
    Reply from 192.168.1.2: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=128
    Ping statistics for 192.168.1.2:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
    Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms

2）查看PC2的IP信息

    PC>ipconfig /all
    FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
    Connection-specific DNS Suffix..:
    Physical Address................: 0003.E49E.6445
    Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::203:E4FF:FE9E:6445
    IP Address......................: 192.168.1.2
    Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
    Default Gateway.................: 0.0.0.0
    DNS Servers.....................: 0.0.0.0
    DHCP Servers....................: 0.0.0.0
    DHCPv6 Client DUID..............: 00-01-00-01-DB-A7-C6-5E-00-03-E4-9E-64-45

3）在查看交换机sw1的mac地址表

    Switch#hostname SW1
    SW1#show mac-address-table
    Mac Address Table
    -------------------------------------------
    Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
    ---- ----------- -------- -----
    1 0003.e49e.6445 DYNAMIC Fa0/2
    1 0010.1148.9309 DYNAMIC Fa0/24
    1 00e0.b079.7815 DYNAMIC Fa0/1

步骤二：查看交换机sw1邻居信息

1）更改交换机sw2的主机名

    Switch>enable
    SW2#configure terminal
    SW2(config)#hostname SW2
    SW2(config)#

2）进入交换机SW1特权模式通过命令查看CISCO设备邻居信息：

    Switch#show cdp neighbors
    Capability Codes: R - Router, T - Trans Bridge, B - Source Route Bridge
    S - Switch, H - Host, I - IGMP, r - Repeater, P - Phone
    Device ID    Local Intrfce  Holdtme  Capability   Platform    Port ID
    SW2             Fas 0/24        174         S          2950       Fas 0/9 

二、配置接口速率及双工模式

目标：

配置交换机接口双工模式为半双工，端口速率为10M并查看

方案：

网络拓扑图如下图

步骤：

步骤一：配置交换机接口模式

    Switch>enable
    Switch#configure terminal
    Switch(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/24
    Switch(config-if)#duplex half
    Switch(config-if)#speed 10
    Switch#show interfaces fastEthernet 0/24
    FastEthernet0/24 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
    Hardware is Lance, address is 00d0.5807.8301 (bia 00d0.5807.8301)
    BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec,
    reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
    Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
    Keepalive set (10 sec)
    Half-duplex, 10Mb/s
    input flow-control is off, output flow-control is off
    ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
    Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never
    Last clearing of "show interface" counters never
    Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
    Queueing strategy: fifo
    Output queue :0/40 (size/max)
    5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
    5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
    956 packets input, 193351 bytes, 0 no buffer
    Received 956 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
    0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
    0 watchdog, 0 multicast, 0 pause input
    0 input packets with dribble condition detected
    2357 packets output, 263570 bytes, 0 underruns
    0 output errors, 0 collisions, 10 interface resets
    0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred
    0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
    0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
    Switch#
    最长 = 0ms，平均 = 0ms

三、配置交换机管理IP

目标：

配置交换机管理IP为192.168.1.1 ，默认网关为192.168.1.100

方案：

网络拓扑图如下图

                          

步骤：

步骤一：配置交换机接口模式

1）配置路由器R1的接口IP作为192.168.1.0网段的网关地址

    Router>enable
    Router#configure terminal
    Router(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
    Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.100
    Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.100 255.255.255.0
    Router(config-if)#no shutdown

2）配置交换机管理IP和网关地址

    Switch(config)#interface vlan 1
    Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
    Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
    Switch(config-if)#exit
    Switch(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.100

3）用ping命令进行测试

    PC>ipconfig
    FastEthernet0 Connection:(default port)
    Link-local IPv6 Address.........: FE80::200:CFF:FEE4:90B0
    IP Address......................: 192.168.1.2
    Subnet Mask.....................: 255.255.255.0
    Default Gateway.................: 192.168.1.100
    PC>ping 192.168.1.1
    Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data:
    Request timed out.
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=3ms TTL=255
    Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
    Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 3, Lost = 1 (25% loss),
    Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 3ms, Average = 1ms
    PC>ping 192.168.1.100
    Pinging 192.168.1.100 with 32 bytes of data:
    Reply from 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 time=50ms TTL=255
    Reply from 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
    Reply from 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
    Reply from 192.168.1.100: bytes=32 time=0ms TTL=255
    Ping statistics for 192.168.1.100:
    Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
    Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
    Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 50ms, Average = 12ms