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  • elasticsearch的索引操作和文档操作总结

    参考文档:https://es.xiaoleilu.com/010_Intro/00_README.html

    一、索引操作

    1、查看当前节点的所有的index

    查看当前节点的所有的index
    
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -X GET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_cat/indices?v'
    health status index    uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
    green  open   students Btx9nIaLQ1GnVqy5ncbipg   5   1          6            0       48kb           24kb
    

    2、查看每个index下的type和filed的对应的数据类型

    查看每个index下的type和filed的类型
    [root@es1 ~]# curl 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_mapping?pretty=true'
    {
      "students" : {
        "mappings" : {
          "class1" : {
            "properties" : {
              "passwd" : {
                "type" : "text",
                "fields" : {
                  "keyword" : {
                    "type" : "keyword",
                    "ignore_above" : 256
                  }
                }
              },
              "username" : {
                "type" : "text",
                "fields" : {
                  "keyword" : {
                    "type" : "keyword",
                    "ignore_above" : 256
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
    

    3、创建索引的操作

    创建索引,返回true,意味着创建成功了
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -X PUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/weather'
    {"acknowledged":true,"shards_acknowledged":true,"index":"weather"}[root@es1 ~]# 
    
    
    
    创建完成后,查看索引
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -X GET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_cat/indices?v'
    health status index    uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
    green  open   students Btx9nIaLQ1GnVqy5ncbipg   5   1          6            0       48kb           24kb
    green  open   weather  VWnR2eM9RIG8A0MJgNWORw   5   1          0            0      1.5kb           690b
    

    4、删除索引操作

    删除索引,返回true,意味着删除成功
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -X DELETE 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/weather'
    {"acknowledged":true}[root@es1 ~]#
    
    
    删除完成后,查看索引
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -X GET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/_cat/indices?v'
    health status index    uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
    green  open   students Btx9nIaLQ1GnVqy5ncbipg   5   1          6            0       48kb           24kb
    [root@es1 ~]# 
    

    二、文档操作

    1、新增一个文档记录,指定索引为数字

    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XPUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty' -d '{"usernmae":"baoliang","passwd":"44444444"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "7",
      "_version" : 1,
      "result" : "created",
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 2,
        "successful" : 2,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "_seq_no" : 2,
      "_primary_term" : 1
    }
    
    
    查看新增的记录
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "7",
      "_version" : 1,
      "_seq_no" : 2,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "usernmae" : "baoliang",
        "passwd" : "44444444"
      }
    }
    

    2、创建一个文档,指定索引为字符串

    这里我们注意,这条文档的id为7,但是id不一定为7,为abc也是可以的
    
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XPUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/abc?pretty' -d '{"usernmae":"wxz","passwd":"5555555555"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "abc",
      "_version" : 1,
      "result" : "created",
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 2,
        "successful" : 2,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "_seq_no" : 1,
      "_primary_term" : 1
    }
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/abc?pretty'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "abc",
      "_version" : 1,
      "_seq_no" : 1,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "usernmae" : "wxz",
        "passwd" : "5555555555"
      }
    }
    

    3、创建文档,不指定索引,由elasticsearch为我们指定索引,但是方法要采用XPOST方法,不能使用XPUT方法

    这里还需要注意,上面都指定id了,我们有可以不指定id进行新增文档,但是不能XPUT的方法,要用XPOST方法
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XPOST 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/' -d '{"usernmae":"wxz","passwd":"5555555555"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    {"_index":"students","_type":"class1","_id":"2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"_seq_no":3,"_primary_term":1}[root@es1 ~]# 
    
    
    我们看到这次的id是随机生成的2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e
    
    通过这个随机的id我们查看我们的文档
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e?pretty'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e",
      "_version" : 1,
      "_seq_no" : 3,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "usernmae" : "wxz",
        "passwd" : "5555555555"
      }
    }
    

    4、这里还需要注意一点

    这里还需要注意,如果我们输入的index不存在,elasticsearch也不会报错,他会为我们新建一个索引,所以这里要非常的注意,index一定不能写错

    5、查看文档的操作

    查看某个文档的
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e?pretty=true'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e",
      "_version" : 1,
      "_seq_no" : 3,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "usernmae" : "wxz",
        "passwd" : "5555555555"
      }
    }
    
    
    
    如果id输错了,就会查不到数据
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48?pretty=true'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48",
      "found" : false
    }
    

    6、删除文档的操作

    删除记录的方法,输入index,type,id就可以删除指定的文档
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XDELETE 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e'
    {"_index":"students","_type":"class1","_id":"2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48e","_version":2,"result":"deleted","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":2,"failed":0},"_seq_no":4,"_primary_term":1}[root@es1 ~]#
    
    
    删除成功后,我们在查看这个文档,就已经查不到了
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48?pretty=true'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "2oUVBmkBGaSC379Rl48",
      "found" : false
    }
    

    7、更新操作,采用_update方法

    更新操作
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XPOST 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7/_update?pretty=true' -d '{"doc":{"passwd":"55555555"}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "7",
      "_version" : 2,
      "result" : "updated",
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 2,
        "successful" : 2,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "_seq_no" : 5,
      "_primary_term" : 1
    }
    
    
    查看更新后的结果
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty=true'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "7",
      "_version" : 2,
      "_seq_no" : 5,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "usernmae" : "baoliang",
        "passwd" : "55555555"
      }
    }
    

    8、覆盖操作,采用XPUT方法,id输入已有的id,也就是我们要覆盖的文档的id

    xput方法是覆盖,update方法更新,上面我们介绍了一下update方法,下面我们看下xput方法,我们看到新的数据只有一个字段了,username字段被覆盖掉了
    
    
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XPUT 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty=true' -d '{"passwd":"55555555"}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "7",
      "_version" : 3,
      "result" : "updated",
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 2,
        "successful" : 2,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "_seq_no" : 6,
      "_primary_term" : 1
    }
    
    
    
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/7?pretty=true'
    {
      "_index" : "students",
      "_type" : "class1",
      "_id" : "7",
      "_version" : 3,
      "_seq_no" : 6,
      "_primary_term" : 1,
      "found" : true,
      "_source" : {
        "passwd" : "55555555"
      }
    }
    

    8、查询所有的数据

    查询的所有的数据
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/_search?pretty=true'
    {
      "took" : 25,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 8,
        "max_score" : 1.0,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "5",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "zyb",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "4",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "chr",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "6",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "cyr",
              "passwd" : "abcdef"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "1",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "fxk",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "7",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "passwd" : "55555555"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "3",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "chy",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "abc",
            "_score" : 1.0,
            "_source" : {
              "usernmae" : "wxz",
              "passwd" : "5555555555"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

    这里的

    took是表示操作的耗时,单位是毫秒

    timeout表示是否超时

    hits表示命中的数目的详细信息

    total表示命中的数目

    2、搜索满足指定的条件的文档

    搜索,查看username为chy的文档
    
    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"username":"chy"}}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    
    

    搜索结果如下

    {
      "took" : 6,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 1,
        "max_score" : 0.2876821,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "3",
            "_score" : 0.2876821,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "chy",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

    3、搜索满足指定条件的文档,但是设置返回的条数,使用size参数,设置返回的条数为1,默认是返回10条

    [root@es1 ~]# curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.2:9200/students/class1/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"username":"chy"}},"size":1}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    
    

    搜索结果

    {
      "took" : 4,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 1,
        "max_score" : 0.2876821,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "3",
            "_score" : 0.2876821,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "chy",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

    4、搜索满足多个条件的语句,多个条件为or的关系

    [root@es3 elasticsearch]#  curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.3:9200/students/class1/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"username":"chy chr"}}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    

    搜索结果

    {
      "took" : 6,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 2,
        "max_score" : 0.9808292,
        "hits" : [
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "4",
            "_score" : 0.9808292,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "chr",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          },
          {
            "_index" : "students",
            "_type" : "class1",
            "_id" : "3",
            "_score" : 0.2876821,
            "_source" : {
              "username" : "chy",
              "passwd" : "111111"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

    5、搜索满足多个条件的语句,多个条件为and的关系

    [root@es3 elasticsearch]#  curl -XGET 'http://10.87.6.3:9200/students/class1/_search?pretty' -d '{"query":{"bool":{"must":[{"match":{"username":"chr"}},{"match":{"passwd":22222}}]}}}' -H "Content-Type: application/json"
    

    搜索结果

    {
      "took" : 5,
      "timed_out" : false,
      "_shards" : {
        "total" : 5,
        "successful" : 5,
        "skipped" : 0,
        "failed" : 0
      },
      "hits" : {
        "total" : 0,
        "max_score" : null,
        "hits" : [ ]
      }
    }
    

     6、更为复杂的查询,比如查询名称为smith,同时年龄大于30的人,这个时候就需要采用过滤器filter

    {
        "query" : {
            "filtered" : {
                "filter" : {
                    "range" : {
                        "age" : { "gt" : 30 }
                    }
                },
                "query" : {
                    "match" : {
                        "last_name" : "smith"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    7、全文搜索

    {
        "query" : {
            "match" : {
                "about" : "rock climbing"
            }
        }
    }
    

    8、

    至此,我们的elasticsearch的索引操作和文档操作的总结暂时就完成了!

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bainianminguo/p/10402535.html
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