CPUID

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID

CPUID

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

  

The CPUID opcode is a processor supplementary instruction (its name derived from CPU IDentification) for the x86 architecture. It was introduced by Intel in 1993 when it introduced thePentium and SL-Enhanced 486 processors.^[1]

By using the CPUID opcode, software can determine processor type and the presence of features (like MMX/SSE). The CPUID opcode is 0Fh, 0A2h (as two bytes, or 0A20Fh as a single word) and the value in the EAX register, and in some cases the ECX register, specifies what information to return.

Prior to the general availability of the CPUID instruction, programmers would write esoteric machine code which exploited minor differences in CPU behavior in order to determine the processor make and model.^[2][3] Outside the x86 family, developers are sometimes still required to use esoteric processes to determine the variations in CPU design that are present. While the CPUID instruction is specific to the x86 architecture, other architectures often provide on-chip registers which can be read to obtain the same sorts of information provided by this instruction.

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1 Calling CPUID
  • 1.1 EAX=0: Get vendor ID
  • 1.2 EAX=1: Processor Info and Feature Bits
  • 1.3 EAX=2: Cache and TLB Descriptor information
  • 1.4 EAX=3: Processor Serial Number
  • 1.5 EAX=80000000h: Get Highest Extended Function Supported
  • 1.6 EAX=80000001h: Extended Processor Info and Feature Bits
  • 1.7 EAX=80000002h,80000003h,80000004h: Processor Brand String
  • 1.8 EAX=80000005h: L1 Cache and TLB Identifiers
  • 1.9 EAX=80000006h: Extended L2 Cache Features
  • 1.10 EAX=80000007h: Advanced Power Management Information
  • 1.11 EAX=80000008h: Virtual and Physical address Sizes
• 2 Accessing the id from other languages
• 3 Uptake of CPUID instructions outside x86
• 4 See also
• 5 References
• 6 External links

Calling CPUID[edit]

In assembly language the CPUID instruction takes no parameters as CPUID implicitly uses the EAX register. The EAX register should be loaded with a value specifying what information to return. CPUID should be called with EAX = 0 first, as this will return the highest calling parameter that the CPU supports. To obtain extended function information CPUID should be called with the second most significant bit of EAX set. To determine the highest extended function calling parameter, call CPUID with EAX = 80000000h.

EAX=0: Get vendor ID[edit]

This returns the CPU's manufacturer ID string - a twelve character ASCII string stored in EBX, EDX, ECX - in that order. The highest basic calling parameter (largest value that EAX can be set to before calling CPUID) is returned in EAX.

The following are known processor manufacturer ID strings:

• "AMDisbetter!" — early engineering samples of AMD K5 processor
• "AuthenticAMD" — AMD
• "CentaurHauls" — Centaur
• "CyrixInstead" — Cyrix
• "GenuineIntel" — Intel
• "TransmetaCPU" — Transmeta
• "GenuineTMx86" — Transmeta
• "Geode by NSC" — National Semiconductor
• "NexGenDriven" — NexGen
• "RiseRiseRise" — Rise
• "SiS SiS SiS " — SiS
• "UMC UMC UMC " — UMC
• "VIA VIA VIA " — VIA
• "Vortex86 SoC" — Vortex
• "KVMKVMKVMKVM" — KVM

For instance, on a GenuineIntel processor values returned in EBX is 0x756e6547, EDX is 0x49656e69 and ECX is 0x6c65746e. The following code is written in GNU Assembler for the x86-64 architecture and displays the vendor ID string as well as the highest calling parameter that the CPU supports.

        .data
 
s0:
        .asciz  "Largest basic function number supported: %i
"
s1:
        .asciz  "Vendor ID: %.12s
"
 
        .text
 
        .align  32
        .globl  _start
_start:
        pushq   %rbp
        pushq   %rbx
        movq    %rsp,%rbp
        subq    $16,%rsp
 
        xorl    %eax,%eax
        cpuid
 
        movl    %ebx,0(%rsp)
        movl    %edx,4(%rsp)
        movl    %ecx,8(%rsp)
 
        movq    $s0,%rdi
        movl    %eax,%esi
        xorb    %al,%al
        call    printf
 
        movq    $s1,%rdi
        movq    %rsp,%rsi
        xorb    %al,%al
        call    printf
 
        movq    %rbp,%rsp
        popq    %rbx
        popq    %rbp
        movl    $1,%eax
        int     $0x80

EAX=1: Processor Info and Feature Bits[edit]

This returns the CPU's stepping, model, and family information in EAX (also called the signature of a CPU), feature flags in EDX and ECX, and additional feature info in EBX.

The format of the information in EAX is as follows:

• 3:0 - Stepping
• 7:4 - Model
• 11:8 - Family
• 13:12 - Processor Type
• 19:16 - Extended Model
• 27:20 - Extended Family

Intel has suggested applications to display the family of a CPU as the sum of the "Family" and the "Extended Family" fields shown above, and the model as the sum of the "Model" and the 4-bit left-shifted "Extended Model" fields.^[4]

AMD recommends the same only if "Family" is equal to 15 (i.e. all bits set to 1). If "Family" is lower than 15, only the "Family" and "Model" fields should be used while the "Extended Family" and "Extended Model" bits are reserved. If "Family" is set to 15, then "Extended Family" and the 4-bit left-shifted "Extended Model" should be added to the respective base values.^[5]

The processor info and feature flags are manufacturer specific but usually the Intel values are used by other manufacturers for the sake of compatibility.

The standard Intel feature flags are as follows^[6][7]

EAX=1 CPUID feature bits

Bit	EDX		ECX
	Short	Feature	Short	Feature
0	fpu	Onboard x87 FPU	pni	Prescott New Instructions (SSE3)
1	vme	Virtual mode extensions (VIF)	pclmulqdq	PCLMULQDQ support
2	de	Debugging extensions (CR4 bit 3)	dtes64	64-bit debug store (edx bit 21)
3	pse	Page Size Extension	monitor	MONITOR and MWAIT instructions (SSE3)
4	tsc	Time Stamp Counter	ds_cpl	CPL qualified debug store
5	msr	Model-specific registers	vmx	Virtual Machine eXtensions
6	pae	Physical Address Extension	smx	Safer Mode Extensions (LaGrande)
7	mce	Machine Check Exception	est	Enhanced SpeedStep
8	cx8	CMPXCHG8 (compare-and-swap) instruction	tm2	Thermal Monitor 2
9	apic	Onboard Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller	ssse3	Supplemental SSE3 instructions
10	(reserved)		cid	Context ID
11	sep	SYSENTER and SYSEXIT instructions	(reserved)
12	mtrr	Memory Type Range Registers	fma	Fused multiply-add (FMA3)
13	pge	Page Global Enable bit in CR4	cx16	CMPXCHG16B instruction
14	mca	Machine check architecture	xtpr	Can disable sending task priority messages
15	cmov	Conditional move and FCMOV instructions	pdcm	Perfmon & debug capability
16	pat	Page Attribute Table	(reserved)
17	pse36	36-bit page size extension	pcid	Process context identifiers (CR4 bit 17)
18	pn	Processor Serial Number	dca	Direct cache access for DMA writes[8][9]
19	clflush	CLFLUSH instruction (SSE2)	sse4_1	SSE4.1 instructions
20	(reserved)		sse4_2	SSE4.2 instructions
21	dts	Debug store: save trace of executed jumps	x2apic	x2APIC support
22	acpi	Onboard thermal control MSRs for ACPI	movbe	MOVBE instruction (big-endian, Intel Atom only)
23	mmx	MMX instructions	popcnt	POPCNT instruction
24	fxsr	FXSAVE, FXRESTOR instructions, CR4 bit 9	tscdeadline	APIC supports one-shot operation using a TSC deadline value
25	sse	SSE instructions (a.k.a. Katmai New Instructions)	aes	AES instruction set
26	sse2	SSE2 instructions	xsave	XSAVE, XRESTOR, XSETBV, XGETBV
27	ss	CPU cache supports self-snoop	osxsave	XSAVE enabled by OS
28	ht	Hyper-threading	avx	Advanced Vector Extensions
29	tm	Thermal monitor automatically limits temperature	f16c	CVT16 instruction set (half-precision) FP support
30	ia64	IA64 processor emulating x86	rdrnd	RDRAND (on-chip random number generator) support
31	pbe	Pending Break Enable (PBE# pin) wakeup support	hypervisor	Running on a hypervisor (always 0 on a real CPU, but also with some hypervisors)

EAX=2: Cache and TLB Descriptor information[edit]

This returns a list of descriptors indicating cache and TLB capabilities in EAX, EBX, ECX and EDX registers.

EAX=3: Processor Serial Number[edit]

See also: Pentium III#Controversy about privacy issues

This returns the processor's serial number. The processor serial number was introduced on Intel Pentium III, but due to privacy concerns, this feature is no longer implemented on later models (PSN feature bit is always cleared). Transmeta's Efficeon and Crusoe processors also provide this feature. AMD CPUs however, do not implement this feature in any CPU models.

For Intel Pentium III CPUs, the serial number is returned in EDX:ECX registers. For Transmeta Efficeon CPUs, it is returned in EBX:EAX registers. And for Transmeta Crusoe CPUs, it is returned in EBX register only.

Note that the processor serial number feature must be enabled in the BIOS setting in order to function.

EAX=80000000h: Get Highest Extended Function Supported[edit]

The highest calling parameter is returned in EAX.

EAX=80000001h: Extended Processor Info and Feature Bits[edit]

This returns extended feature flags in EDX and ECX.

AMD feature flags are as follows^[10][11]

EAX=80000001h CPUID feature bits

Bit	EDX		ECX
	Short	Feature	Short	Feature
0	fpu	Onboard x87 FPU	lahf_lm	LAHF/SAHF in long mode
1	vme	Virtual mode extensions (VIF)	cmp_legacy	Hyperthreading not valid
2	de	Debugging extensions (CR4 bit 3)	svm	Secure Virtual Machine
3	pse	Page Size Extension	extapic	Extended APIC space
4	tsc	Time Stamp Counter	cr8_legacy	CR8 in 32-bit mode
5	msr	Model-specific registers	abm	Advanced bit manipulation (lzcnt and popcnt)
6	pae	Physical Address Extension	sse4a	SSE4a
7	mce	Machine Check Exception	misalignsse	Misaligned SSE mode
8	cx8	CMPXCHG8 (compare-and-swap) instruction	3dnowprefetch	PREFETCH and PREFETCHW instructions
9	apic	Onboard Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller	osvw	OS Visible Workaround
10	(reserved)		ibs	Instruction Based Sampling
11	syscall	SYSCALL and SYSRET instructions	xop	XOP instruction set
12	mtrr	Memory Type Range Registers	skinit	SKINIT/STGI instructions
13	pge	Page Global Enable bit in CR4	wdt	Watchdog timer
14	mca	Machine check architecture	(reserved)
15	cmov	Conditional move and FCMOV instructions	lwp	Light Weight Profiling[12]
16	pat	Page Attribute Table	fma4	4 operands fused multiply-add
17	pse36	36-bit page size extension	tce	Translation Cache Extension
18	(reserved)
19	mp	Multiprocessor Capable	nodeid_msr	NodeID MSR
20	nx	NX bit	(reserved)
21	(reserved)		tbm	Trailing Bit Manipulation
22	mmxext	Extended MMX	topoext	Topology Extensions
23	mmx	MMX instructions	perfctr_core	Core performance counter extensions
24	fxsr	FXSAVE, FXRSTOR instructions, CR4 bit 9	perfctr_nb	NB performance counter extensions
25	fxsr_opt	FXSAVE/FXRSTOR optimizations	(reserved)
26	pdpe1gb	Gibibyte pages	(reserved)
27	rdtscp	RDTSCP instruction	(reserved)
28	(reserved)
29	lm	Long mode	(reserved)
30	3dnowext	Extended 3DNow!	(reserved)
31	3dnow	3DNow!	(reserved)

EAX=80000002h,80000003h,80000004h: Processor Brand String[edit]

These return the processor brand string in EAX, EBX, ECX and EDX. CPUID must be issued with each parameter in sequence to get the entire 48-byte null-terminated ASCII processor brand string.^[4] It is necessary to check whether the feature is supported by the CPU by issuing CPUID with EAX = 80000000h first and checking if the returned value is greater or equal to 80000004h.

.section .data
 
s0 : .asciz "Processor Brand String: %.48s
"
err : .asciz "Feature unsupported.
"
 
.section .text
 
.global main
.type main,@function
.align 32
main:
        pushq   %rbp
        movq    %rsp,   %rbp
        subq    $48,    %rsp
        pushq   %rbx
 
        movl    $0x80000000,    %eax
        cpuid
 
        cmpl    $0x80000004,    %eax
        jl      error
 
        movl    $0x80000002,    %esi
        movq    %rsp,   %rdi
 
.align 16
get_brand:
        movl    %esi,   %eax
        cpuid
 
        movl    %eax,   (%rdi)
        movl    %ebx,   4(%rdi)
        movl    %ecx,   8(%rdi)
        movl    %edx,   12(%rdi)
 
        addl    $1,     %esi
        addq    $16,    %rdi
        cmpl    $0x80000004,    %esi
        jle     get_brand
 
print_brand:
        movq    $s0,    %rdi
        movq    %rsp,   %rsi
        xorb    %al,    %al
        call    printf
 
        jmp     end
 
.align 16
error:
        movq    $err,   %rdi
        xorb    %al,    %al
        call    printf
 
.align 16
end:
        popq    %rbx
        movq    %rbp,   %rsp
        popq    %rbp
        xorl    %eax,   %eax
        ret

EAX=80000005h: L1 Cache and TLB Identifiers[edit]

This function contains the processor’s L1 cache and TLB characteristics.

EAX=80000006h: Extended L2 Cache Features[edit]

Returns details of the L2 cache in ECX, including the line size in bytes, type of associativity (encoded by a 4 bits) and the cache size.

.section .data
 
info : .ascii "L2 Cache Size : %u KB
Line size : %u bytes
"
.asciz "Associativity : %02xh
"
err : .asciz "Feature unsupported.
"
 
.section .text
 
.global main
.type main,@function
.align 32
main:
        pushq   %rbp
        movq    %rsp,   %rbp
        pushq   %rbx
 
        movl    $0x80000000,    %eax
        cpuid
 
        cmpl    $0x80000006,    %eax
        jl      error
 
        movl    $0x80000006,    %eax
        cpuid
 
        movl    %ecx,   %eax
 
        movl    %eax,   %edx
        andl    $0xff,  %edx
 
        movl    %eax,   %ecx
        shrl    $12,    %ecx
        andl    $0xf,   %ecx
 
        movl    %eax,   %esi
        shrl    $16,    %esi
        andl    $0xffff,%esi
 
        movq    $info,  %rdi
        xorb    %al,    %al
        call    printf
 
        jmp end
 
.align 16
error:
        movq    $err,   %rdi
        xorb    %al,    %al
        call    printf
 
.align 16
end:
        popq    %rbx
        movq    %rbp,   %rsp
        popq    %rbp
        xorl    %eax,   %eax
        ret

EAX=80000007h: Advanced Power Management Information[edit]

This function provides advanced power management feature identifiers.

EAX=80000008h: Virtual and Physical address Sizes[edit]

Returns largest virtual and physical address sizes in EAX.

Accessing the id from other languages[edit]

This information is easy to access from other languages as well. For instance, the C++ code for gcc below prints the first five values, returned by the cpuid:

#include <iostream>
 
int main()
{
  int a, b;
 
  for (a = 0; a < 5; a++)
  {
    __asm__("cpuid;"
            :"=a"(b)                 // EAX into b (output)
            :"0"(a)                  // a into EAX (input)
            :"%ebx","%ecx","%edx");  // clobbered registers
 
    std::cout << "The code " << a << " gives " << b << std::endl;
  }
 
  return 0;
}

In C, the code may be shortened to:

int main()
{
  int a, b;
 
  for (a = 0; a < 5; a++)
  {
    __asm__("cpuid"
            :"=a"(b)                 // EAX into b (output)
            :"0"(a)                  // a into EAX (input)
            :"%ebx","%ecx","%edx");  // clobbered registers
 
    printf("The code %i gives %i
", a, b);
  }
 
  return 0;
}

Or, a generally useful C implementation that works on 32 and 64 bit setups:

#include <stdio.h>
 
int main() {
    int i;
    unsigned int index = 0;
    unsigned int regs[4];
    int sum;
    __asm__ __volatile__(
#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_AMD64) || defined (_M_X64)
        "pushq %%rbx     
	" /* save %rbx */
#else
        "pushl %%ebx     
	" /* save %ebx */
#endif
        "cpuid            
	"
        "movl %%ebx ,%[ebx]  
	" /* write the result into output var */
#if defined(__x86_64__) || defined(_M_AMD64) || defined (_M_X64)
        "popq %%rbx 
	"
#else
        "popl %%ebx 
	"
#endif
        : "=a"(regs[0]), [ebx] "=r"(regs[1]), "=c"(regs[2]), "=d"(regs[3])
        : "a"(index));
    for (i=4; i<8; i++) {
        printf("%c" ,((char *)regs)[i]);
    }
    for (i=12; i<16; i++) {
        printf("%c" ,((char *)regs)[i]);
    }
    for (i=8; i<12; i++) {
        printf("%c" ,((char *)regs)[i]);
    }
    printf("
");
}

Another version of that:

#include <stdio.h>
 
void cpuid(unsigned info, unsigned *eax, unsigned *ebx, unsigned *ecx, unsigned *edx)
{
    __asm__(
        "xchg %%ebx, %%edi;" /* 32bit PIC: don't clobber ebx */
        "cpuid;"
        "xchg %%ebx, %%edi;"
        :"=a" (*eax), "=D" (*ebx), "=c" (*ecx), "=d" (*edx)
        :"0" (info)
    );
}
 
int main()
{
  unsigned int eax, ebx, ecx, edx;
  int i;
 
  for (i = 0; i < 6; ++i)
  {
    cpuid(i, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
    printf("eax=%i: %#010x %#010x %#010x %#010x
", i, eax, ebx, ecx, edx);
  }
 
  return 0;
}

Microsoft Visual C compiler has builtin function __cpuid() so cpuid instruction may be embedded without using inline assembly. This is handy since x64 version of MSVC doesn't allow inline assembly at all. The same program for MSVC would be:

#include <iostream>
#include <intrin.h>
 
int main()
{
  int b[4];
 
  for (int a = 0; a < 5; a++)
  {
    __cpuid(b, a);
    std::cout << "The code " << a << " gives " << b[0] << std::endl;
  }
 
  return 0;
}

For Borland/Embarcadero C compilers (bcc32), native asm function calls are necessary, as there is no asm() implementation. The pseudo code:

  unsigned int a, b, c, d;
  unsigned int InfoType = 0;
  __asm xor EBX, EBX;
  __asm xor ECX, ECX;
  __asm xor EDX, EDX;
  __asm mov EAX, InfoType;
  __asm cpuid;
  __asm mov a, EAX;
  __asm mov b, EBX;
  __asm mov c, ECX;
  __asm mov d, EDX;

Many interpreted or compiled scripting languages are capable of using CPUID via an FFI library. One such implementation shows usage of the Ruby FFI module to execute assembly language that includes the CPUID opcode.

Uptake of CPUID instructions outside x86[edit]

The Intel-AMD x86 family has so far been the only CPU family to have a CPUID instruction. RISC, DSP and transputer like chip families have not taken up the instruction in any noticeable way, in spite of having (in relative terms) as many variations in design. ARM architectures have a CPUID coprocessor register for the same purpose.^[13] IBM mainframe processor z10 and predecessors have had the Store CPUID (STIDP) instruction for querying the processor ID.^[14]

See also[edit]

• CPU-Z, a Windows utility that uses CPUID to identify various system settings

References[edit]

1. Jump up^ "Intel 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual". Intel.com. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
2. Jump up^ "Detecting Intel Processors - Knowing the generation of a system CPU". Rcollins.org. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
3. Jump up^ "LXR linux-old/arch/i386/kernel/head.S". Lxr.linux.no. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
4. ^ Jump up to:^a b "Intel® Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction". Download.intel.com. 2012-03-06. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
5. Jump up^http://support.amd.com/us/Embedded_TechDocs/25481.pdf
6. Jump up^ Application Note 485: Intel Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction, Intel, January 2011, retrieved 2011-05-29
7. Jump up^ Linux kernel source codearch/x86/include/asm/cpufeatures.h
8. Jump up^ Huggahalli, Ram; Iyer, Ravi; Tetrick, Scott (2005). "Direct Cache Access for High Bandwidth Network I/O". ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News 33 (2): 50–59.doi:10.1145/1080695.1069976.CiteSeerX:10.1.1.91.957. edit
9. Jump up^ Drepper, Ulrich (2007), What Every Programmer Should Know About Memory, CiteSeerX:10.1.1.91.957
10. Jump up^ CPUID Specification, AMD, September 2010, retrieved 2013-04-02
11. Jump up^ Linux kernel source code [1]
12. Jump up^ Lightweight Profiling Specification, AMD, August 2010, retrieved 2013-04-03
13. Jump up^ "ARM Information Center". Infocenter.arm.com. Retrieved 2013-04-11.
14. Jump up^ "IBM System z10 Enterprise Class Technical Guide".

External links[edit]

• x86 architecture CPUID
• Intel CPUID guide (PDF)
• AMD CPUID guide (PDF)
• cpuid in msr-tools CPUID utility for multi-processor platform

http://software.intel.com/en-us/node/183990

Intel Architecture and Processor Identification With CPUID Model and Family Numbers

Submitted by Hussam Mousa (Intel) on Fri, 06/15/2012 - 08:27

This article is intended to aid software developers in understanding the "big picture" of Intel's recent architecture and processor releases. The "tick tock" model adds predictability to the Intel® architecture roadmap. However within each "tick" and "tock" architecture, multiple processors are launched to support the many diverse computing needs of consumers. While the general Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) and feature set within a given architecture are identical, certain model specific variations occur, and are generally enumerated through CPUID interrogation[1]. The CPUID model number is a convenient way of anticipating the model specific functionality that is available at runtime and subsequently designing the architecture specific parts of software (nevertheless, at runtime, the feature bits in the CPUID should always be verified before use).

The information in the table below is composed from the "Intel® Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction" and the official Intel product information source.

For identifying a particular processor, please use the Intel® Processor Identification Utility for Microsoft Windows* operating systems or the bootable version for other operating systems[2].

Notes

• The -EP suffix denotes a Dual Processor, meaning this processor is designed to operate in a Dual Processor platform (but can still operate in a Single Processor platform). The -EX suffix denotes a Multi-Processor (MP), meaning this processor is designed to operate in a Multiprocessor platform, but can still operate in a Single or Dual processor platform configuration.
• The Family number is an 8-bit number derived from the processor signature by adding the Extended Family number (bits 27:20) and the Family number (bits 11:8). See section 5.1.2.2 of the "Intel Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction".
• The Model number is an 8 bit number derived from the processor signature by shifting the Extended Model number (bits 19:16) 4 bits to the left and adding the Model number (bits 7:4) . See section 5.1.2.2 of the "Intel Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction".

Mainline Architectures and Processors

This table includes the mainline processors on 90nm and later process technology. Please read and understand these important disclaimersprior to use.

Process Technology	Microarchitecture Codename	Processor Codename	Processor Signature	Family Number	Model Number	Intel® Brand Name(s)	Intel® Brand Processor Number
22 nm	IvyBridge	IvyBridge	0x306Ax	0x06	0x3A	Core™ i3 Core™ i5 Core™ i7 Core™ i7 Extreme Xeon™ E3	i3-31xx/32xx-T/U i5-3xxx-T/S/M/K/ME i7-3xxx-S/K/M/QM/LE/UE/QE i7-3920XM E3-12xxV2
32 nm	SandyBridge	SandyBridge	0x206Ax		0x2A	Core™ i3 Core™ i5 Core™ i7 Core™ i7 Extreme Celeron™ Desktop Celeron™ Mobile Pentium™ Desktop Pentium™ Mobile Xeon™ E3	i3-21xx/23xx-T/M/E/UE i5-23xx/24xx/25xx-T/S/M/K i7-2xxx-S/K/M/QM/LE/UE/QE i7-29xxXM  G4xx, G5xx 8xx, B8xx 350, G6xx, G6xxT, G8xx 9xx, B9xx E3-12xx
		SandyBridge-E	0x206Dx		0x2D	Core™ i7 Core™ i7 Extreme	I7-3820/3930K i7-3960X
		SandyBridge-EN				Xeon™ E5	E5-24xx
		SandyBridge-EP				Xeon™ E5	E5-16xx, 26xx/L/W
	Westmere	Arrandale	0x2065x		0x25	Celeron™ Mobile Pentium™ Mobile Core™ i3 Core™ i5 Core™ i7	P4xxx, U3xxx P6xxx, U5xxx i3-3xxE, i3-3xxM, i3-3xxUM i5-4xxM/UM, i5-5xxE/M/UM i7-6xxE/LE/UE/M/LM/UM
		Clarksdale				Pentium™ Desktop Core™ i3 Core™ i5 Xeon™ 3000	G69xx i3-5xx i5-6xx, i5-6xxK L34xx
		Gulftown	0x206Cx		0x2C	Core™ i7 Core™ i7 Extreme Xeon™ 3000	i7-9xx i7-9xxX W36xx
		Westmere-EP				Xeon™ 3000 Xeon™ 5000	W36xx L56xx, E56xx, X56xx
		Westmere-EX	0x206Fx		0x2F	Xeon™ E7	E7-2xxx, E7-48xx, E7-88xx
45 nm	Nehalem	Clarksfield	0x106Ex		0x1E	Core™ i7 Core™ i7 Extreme	i7-7xxQM, i7-8xxQM i7-9xxXM
		Lynnfield				Core™ i5 Core™ i7 Xeon™ 3000	i5-7xx, i5-7xxS i7-8xx, i7-8xxS, i7-8xxK X34xx
		Jasper Forest				Xeon™ 5000 Celeron™ Desktop	LC55xx, EC55xx P10xx
		Bloomfield	0x106Ax		0x1A	Core™ i7 Extreme Core™ i7 Xeon™ 3000	i7-965/975 i7-9x0 W35xx
		Nehalem-EP				Xeon™ 5000	L55xx, E55xx, X55xx, W55xx
		Nehalem-EX	0x206Ex		0x2E	Xeon™ 7000 Xeon™ 6000	L75xx, E75xx, X75xx E65xx, X65xx
	Penryn	Yorkfield	0x1067x		0x17	Core™ 2 Quad Core™ 2 Extreme Xeon™ 3000	Q9xxx, Q8xxx, !9xxxS QX9xxx L33xx, X3350
		Wolfdale				Celeron™ Desktop Core™ 2 Duo  Pentium™ Xeon™ 5000/3000	E3xxx E7xxx, E8xxx E5xxx, E6xxx, E6xxxK L52xx, E31xx
		Penryn				Core™ 2 Duo Mobile Celeron™ M	P7xxx, P9xxx, SL9xxx 722
		Harpertown (DP)				Xeon™ 5000	L54xx, E54xx, X54xx
		Dunnington (MP)	0x106Dx		0x1D	Xeon™ 7000	L74xx, E74xx, Q7xx
65 nm	Merom	Clovertown	0x006Fx		0x0F	Xeon™ 5000	E53xx, L53xx, X53xx
		Kentsfield				Xeon™ 3000 Core™ 2 Quad Core™ 2 Extreme	X32xx Q6600 QX6xxx
		Conroe				Xeon™ 3000 Pentium™ Core™ 2 Duo Core™ 2 Extreme Celeron™ Desktop	30xx E21xx E43xx,E6xxx X6800 E1600
		Merom				Core™ 2 Duo M Pentium™ Mobile Core™ 2 Extreme M	L7xxx,T5xxx,T7xxx,U7xxx T3200 X7xxx
		Woodcrest				Xeon™ 5000	51xx
		Merom Conroe	0x1066x		0x16	Celeron™ Desktop Celeron™ Mobile	4xx 5xx
	Presler	Cedar Mill	0x0066x	0x0F	0x06	Pentium™ 4	3xx, 6xx
		Presler				Pentium™ D	9xx
90 nm	Prescott	Nocona Irwindale	0x0063x 0x0064x		0x03/ 0x04	Xeon™
		Prescott				Celeron™ D Pentium™ 4	3xx 5xx
	Dothan	Dothan	0x006Dx	0x06	0x0D	Celeron™ M Pentium™ Mobile	3xx 7xx

Atom™ Architectures and Processors

This table includes the Atom™ processors on 45nm and later process technology. Please read and understand these important disclaimersprior to use.

Process Technology	Microarchitecture Codename	Processor Codename	Platform Codename	Processor Signature	Family Number	Model Number	Intel® Brand Name(s)	Intel® Brand Processor Number
32 nm	Atom™	Cedarview	Cedar Trail	0x0366x	0x06	0x36	Atom™	N2000 series: N26xx, N28xx D2000 Series: D25xx (no HT), D27xx
45 nm		Lincroft	Oak Trail	0x0266x		0x26		Z6xx (single core)
		Pineview	Pine Trail	0x016Cx		0x1C		N4xx, D4xx (single core) N5xx, D5xx (dual core)
		Silverthorne	any					Z5xx

Disclaimers

Information in this article is intended as a convenient summary of the contents of the "Intel® Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction" application note and the official Intel® product information source.

In case of discrepancy, the information in the original application note and product information source supersede the contents of this article. (Please notify the author of any such discrepancy).

Please consult Section 2: Usage Guidelines of the "Intel® Processor Identification and the CPUID Instruction" for the proper use of CPUID.

Intel® processor numbers are not a measure of performance. Processor numbers differentiate features within each processor family, not across different processor families. See http://www.intel.com/products/processor_number for details.

All information provided is subject to change at any time, without notice. Intel may make changes to manufacturing life cycle, specifications, and product descriptions at any time, without notice. The information herein is provided "as-is" and Intel does not make any representations or warranties whatsoever regarding accuracy of the information, nor on the product features, availability, functionality, or compatibility of the products listed. Please contact system vendor for more information on specific products or systems.

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[1] For an example of interrogating CPUID to verify features please read Using CPUID to Detect the presence of SSE 4.1 and SSE 4.2 Instruction Sets

[2] In Linux*-based operating systems you can type ‘cat /proc/cpuinfo' to obtain the processor family and model numbers (note they are formatted in decimal, while the tables in this article containhexadecimal formatting of these numbers).

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