httpd服务配置 centos httpd + ubuntu conf位置

自己配置过程:

centos

安装httpd:

[root@bian91 ~]# yum install -y apache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
base/primary_db | 4.6 MB 00:01
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
extras/primary_db | 32 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 1.9 MB 00:02
Setting up Install Process
No package apache available.
Error: Nothing to do
[root@bian91 ~]# yum install -y httpd
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-47.el6.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.2.15-47.el6.centos for package: httpd-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: apr-util-ldap for package: httpd-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package apr-util-ldap.x86_64 0:1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 will be installed
---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.2.15-47.el6.centos will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libssl.so.10(libssl.so.10)(64bit) for package: httpd-tools-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcrypto.so.10(libcrypto.so.10)(64bit) for package: httpd-tools-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package openssl.x86_64 0:1.0.0-27.el6 will be updated
--> Processing Dependency: openssl = 1.0.0-27.el6 for package: openssl-devel-1.0.0-27.el6.x86_64
---> Package openssl.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-42.el6 will be an update
--> Running transaction check
---> Package openssl-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.0-27.el6 will be updated
---> Package openssl-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-42.el6 will be an update
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
httpd x86_64 2.2.15-47.el6.centos updates 830 k
Installing for dependencies:
apr-util-ldap x86_64 1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 base 15 k
httpd-tools x86_64 2.2.15-47.el6.centos updates 77 k
Updating for dependencies:
openssl x86_64 1.0.1e-42.el6 base 1.5 M
openssl-devel x86_64 1.0.1e-42.el6 base 1.2 M

Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 3 Package(s)
Upgrade 2 Package(s)

Total download size: 3.6 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/5): apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64.rpm | 15 kB 00:00
(2/5): httpd-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm | 830 kB 00:00
(3/5): httpd-tools-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64.rpm | 77 kB 00:00
(4/5): openssl-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.5 MB 00:01
(5/5): openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.4 MB/s | 3.6 MB 00:02
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Updating : openssl-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64 1/7
Installing : httpd-tools-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64 2/7
Installing : apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64 3/7
Installing : httpd-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64 4/7
Updating : openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64 5/7
Cleanup : openssl-devel-1.0.0-27.el6.x86_64 6/7
Cleanup : openssl-1.0.0-27.el6.x86_64 7/7
Verifying : openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64 1/7
Verifying : apr-util-ldap-1.3.9-3.el6_0.1.x86_64 2/7
Verifying : httpd-tools-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64 3/7
Verifying : openssl-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64 4/7
Verifying : httpd-2.2.15-47.el6.centos.x86_64 5/7
Verifying : openssl-1.0.0-27.el6.x86_64 6/7
Verifying : openssl-devel-1.0.0-27.el6.x86_64 7/7

Installed:
httpd.x86_64 0:2.2.15-47.el6.centos

Dependency Installed:
apr-util-ldap.x86_64 0:1.3.9-3.el6_0.1 httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.2.15-47.el6.centos

Dependency Updated:
openssl.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-42.el6 openssl-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-42.el6

Complete!

查看配置文件:

[root@bian91 ~]# rpm -qc httpd
/etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
/etc/httpd/conf/magic
/etc/logrotate.d/httpd
/etc/sysconfig/htcacheclean
/etc/sysconfig/httpd
/var/www/error/HTTP_BAD_GATEWAY.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_BAD_REQUEST.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_FORBIDDEN.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_GONE.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_LENGTH_REQUIRED.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_NOT_FOUND.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_NOT_IMPLEMENTED.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_PRECONDITION_FAILED.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_REQUEST_TIME_OUT.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_REQUEST_URI_TOO_LARGE.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE.html.var
/var/www/error/HTTP_VARIANT_ALSO_VARIES.html.var
/var/www/error/contact.html.var
/var/www/error/include/bottom.html
/var/www/error/include/spacer.html
/var/www/error/include/top.html

修改配置文件:

vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

在最后添加

#<VirtualHost *:80>
# ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
# DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com
# ServerName dummy-host.example.com
# ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
# CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
Alias /public "/public"
 <Directory "/public">
 #开启目录列表索引搜索模式
 Options Indexes
 Order allow,deny
 IndexOptions NameWidth=25 Charset=UTF-8
 Allow from all
 </Directory>
#</VirtualHost>

查看目录:

目录为/var/www/html

[root@bian91 ~]# grep "Doc" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

创建目录:

 mkdir /public

ln -s /public/ /var/www/html/public

启动服务:

 service httpd start

配置开机启动:

chkconfig httpd on

可以通过网页打开192.168.x.xxx/public查看目录 

以下为网上配置过程:

linux版本 RHEL7.0

IP地址172.7.16.111

apache服务的包名为httpd，检查包

使用yum源安装包，
配置yum方法可以参考我的博客 《linux yum源配置方法》http://blog.itpub.net/27771627/viewspace-1223153/

[root@rh ~]# yum -y install httpd

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

testyum | 4.1 kB 00:00:00

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: httpd-tools = 2.4.6-17.el7 for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: /etc/mime.types for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libapr-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libaprutil-1.so.0()(64bit) for package: httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 will be installed

---> Package apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 will be installed

---> Package httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7 will be installed

---> Package mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

==================================================================================================================

Installing:

httpd x86_64 2.4.6-17.el7 testyum 1.2 M

Installing for dependencies:

apr x86_64 1.4.8-3.el7 testyum 103 k

apr-util x86_64 1.5.2-6.el7 testyum 92 k

httpd-tools x86_64 2.4.6-17.el7 testyum 77 k

mailcap noarch 2.1.41-2.el7 testyum 31 k

Transaction Summary

==================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package (+4 Dependent packages)

Total download size: 1.5 M

Installed size: 4.3 M

Downloading packages:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 4.3 MB/s | 1.5 MB 00:00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 1/5

Installing : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 2/5

Installing : httpd-tools-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 3/5

Installing : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 4/5

Installing : httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 5/5

Verifying : mailcap-2.1.41-2.el7.noarch 1/5

Verifying : httpd-tools-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 2/5

Verifying : apr-1.4.8-3.el7.x86_64 3/5

Verifying : apr-util-1.5.2-6.el7.x86_64 4/5

Verifying : httpd-2.4.6-17.el7.x86_64 5/5

Installed:

httpd.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7

Dependency Installed:

apr.x86_64 0:1.4.8-3.el7 apr-util.x86_64 0:1.5.2-6.el7 httpd-tools.x86_64 0:2.4.6-17.el7

mailcap.noarch 0:2.1.41-2.el7

Complete!

查看配置文件

需要配置的文件为/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

查看配置文件,过滤以下字段，默认主页路径为以下

默认主页名为index.html

进入主页路径,创建一个测试网页

重启httpd服务

设置开机自启动

设置防火墙，使http服务可以通过防火墙

重启防火墙

本机测试http服务配置成功

windows客户端浏览器测试成功

至此apache服务已经配置成功，接下来继续配置目录共享

创建共享目录，将共享文件放里面

编辑配置文件/etc/httpd/conf.d/autoindex.conf

加入如下配置内容

Alias /share "/LiuZhenSHARE"

<directory "="" liuzhenshare"="">

Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymlinks

AllowOverride None

Require all granted

修改完配置文件，重启服务

安装elink包在server本机测试

[root@rh LiuZhenSHARE]# yum -y install elinks

Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager

This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package elinks.x86_64 0:0.12-0.36.pre6.el7 will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libnss_compat_ossl.so.0()(64bit) for package: elinks-0.12-0.36.pre6.el7.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 0:0.9.6-8.el7 will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

==================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

==================================================================================================================

Installing:

elinks x86_64 0.12-0.36.pre6.el7 testyum 882 k

Installing for dependencies:

nss_compat_ossl x86_64 0.9.6-8.el7 testyum 37 k

Transaction Summary

==================================================================================================================

Install 1 Package (+1 Dependent package)

Total download size: 919 k

Installed size: 2.7 M

Downloading packages:

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 2.5 MB/s | 919 kB 00:00:00

Running transaction check

Running transaction test

Transaction test succeeded

Running transaction

Installing : nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64 1/2

Installing : elinks-0.12-0.36.pre6.el7.x86_64 2/2

Verifying : elinks-0.12-0.36.pre6.el7.x86_64 1/2

Verifying : nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64 2/2

Installed:

elinks.x86_64 0:0.12-0.36.pre6.el7

Dependency Installed:

nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 0:0.9.6-8.el7

Complete!

执行以下命令server端本机测试

执行后出现share的文件

使用windows浏览器测试，

测试成功，配置完成

关于ubuntu配置文件，严格地说Ubuntu的Apache（或者应该说Linux下的Apache？我不清楚其他发行版的 apache软件包）的配置文件是 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf，Apache在启动时会自动读取这个文件的配置信息。而其他的一些配置文件，如 httpd.conf等，则是通过Include指令包含进来。在apache2.conf中可以找到这些Include行： 

引用 

# Include module configuration: 
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load 
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf 

# Include all the user configurations: 
Include /etc/apache2/httpd.conf 

# Include ports listing 
Include /etc/apache2/ports.conf 
…… 

# Include generic snippets of statements 
Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/ 

# Include the virtual host configurations: 
Include /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ 
结合注释，可以很清楚地看出每个配置文件的大体作用。当然，你完全可以把所有的设置放在apache2.conf或者httpd.conf或者任何一个配置文件中。Apache2的这种划分只是一种比较好的习惯。 

安装完Apache后的最重要的一件事就是要知道Web文档根目录在什么地方，对于Ubuntu而言，默认的是/var/www。怎么知道 的呢？apache2.conf里并没有DocumentRoot项，httpd.conf又是空的，因此肯定在其他的文件中。经过搜索，发现在 /etc /apache2/sites-enabled/000-default中，里面有这样的内容： 

引用 

NameVirtualHost * 
<VirtualHost *> 
ServerAdmin webmaster @localhost 

DocumentRoot /var/www/

主要就是配置 /etc /apache2/sites-enabled/000-default

里边/var/www/ 改为/var/www/html