C语言文法

编译原理-1-C语言的文法

c语言的文法产生式：

 

programà

external_declaration

| program external_declaration

 

external_declarationà

function_definition

| declaration

 

function_definitionà type_specifier declarator compound_statement

 

type_specifierà

VOID

| CHAR

| INT

| FLOAT

 

declarator

pointer direct_declarator

| direct_declarator

 

Pointerà

'*'

| '*' pointer

 

direct_declarator

IDENTIFIER

|direct_declarator’[‘ ‘]’

|direct_declarator ’[’ constant_expression ’]’

| IDENTIFIER '(' parameter_list ')'

| IDENTIFIER '('')'

|direct_declarator‘,’identifier_list

 

identifier_list

: IDENTIFIER

| identifier_list ',' IDENTIFIER

 

constant_expressionà

conditional_expression

 

parameter_listà

parameter_declaration

| parameter_list ',' parameter_declaration

parameter_declaration à

declaration_specifiers IDENTIFIER

 

compound_statementà

'{' '}'

| '{' statement_list '}'

| '{' declaration_list statement_list '}'

 

declaration_listà

declaration

| declaration_list declaration

 

Declarationà

init_declarator

| init_declarator_list ',' init_declarator

 

init_declaratorà

declarator

| declarator '=' initializer

 

Initializerà

assignment_expression

| '{' initializer_list '}'

| '{' initializer_list ',' '}'

 

initializer_listà

initializer

| initializer_list ',' initializer

 

statement_listà

statement

| statement_list statement

 

Statementà

| compound_statement

| expression_statement

| selection_statement

| iteration_statement

| jump_statement

 

expression_statementà

';'

| expression ';'

 

selection_statement

: IF '(' expression ')' statement

| IF '(' expression ')' statement ELSE statement

 

iteration_statementà

WHILE '(' expression ')' statement

| FOR '(' expression_statement expression_statement ')' statement

| FOR '(' expression_statement expression_statement expression ')' statement

 

jump_statement

| CONTINUE ';'

| BREAK ';'

| RETURN ';'

| RETURN expression ';'

 

expression

: assignment_expression

| expression ',' assignment_expression

 

assignment_expressionà

conditional_expression

| unary_expression assignment_operator assignment_expression

 

conditional_expressionà

logical_or_expression

| logical_or_expression '?' expression ':' conditional_expression

 

logical_or_expressionà

logical_and_expression

| logical_or_expression OR_OP logical_and_expression

 

logical_and_expression

: inclusive_or_expression

| logical_and_expression AND_OP inclusive_or_expression

 

inclusive_or_expressionà

exclusive_or_expression

| inclusive_or_expression '|' exclusive_or_expression

 

exclusive_or_expression

: and_expression

| exclusive_or_expression '^' and_expression

 

and_expression

: equality_expression

| and_expression '&' equality_expression

 

equality_expression

: relational_expression

| equality_expression EQ_OP relational_expression

| equality_expression NE_OP relational_expression

 

relational_expression

: shift_expression

| relational_expression '<' shift_expression

| relational_expression '>' shift_expression

| relational_expression LE_OP shift_expression

| relational_expression GE_OP shift_expression

 

shift_expression

: additive_expression

| shift_expression LEFT_OP additive_expression

| shift_expression RIGHT_OP additive_expression

 

additive_expression

: multiplicative_expression

| additive_expression '+' multiplicative_expression

| additive_expression '-' multiplicative_expression

 

multiplicative_expression

: cast_expression

| multiplicative_expression '*' cast_expression

| multiplicative_expression '/' cast_expression

| multiplicative_expression '%' cast_expression

 

cast_expression

: unary_expression

| '(' type_name ')' cast_expression

 

unary_expression

: postfix_expression

| INC_OP unary_expression

| DEC_OP unary_expression

| unary_operator cast_expression

| SIZEOF unary_expression

| SIZEOF '(' type_name ')'

 

postfix_expressionà

: primary_expression

| postfix_expression '[' expression ']'

| postfix_expression '(' ')'

| postfix_expression '(' argument_expression_list ')'

| postfix_expression '.' IDENTIFIER

| postfix_expression PTR_OP IDENTIFIER

| postfix_expression INC_OP

| postfix_expression DEC_OP

 

primary_expressionà

IDENTIFIER

| CONSTANT

| STRING_LITERAL

| '(' expression ')'

 

argument_expression_list

: assignment_expression

| argument_expression_list ',' assignment_expression

 

unary_operator

: '&'

| '*'

| '+'

| '-'

| '~'

| '!'

 

assignment_operatorà

'='

| MUL_ASSIGN

| DIV_ASSIGN

| MOD_ASSIGN

| ADD_ASSIGN

| SUB_ASSIGN

| LEFT_ASSIGN

| RIGHT_ASSIGN

| AND_ASSIGN

| XOR_ASSIGN

| OR_ASSIGN

 

storage_class_specifierà

TYPEDEF

| EXTERN

| STATIC

| AUTO

| REGISTER

 

struct_or_union_specifier

: struct_or_union IDENTIFIER '{' struct_declaration_list '}'

| struct_or_union '{' struct_declaration_list '}'

| struct_or_union IDENTIFIER

 

struct_or_union

: STRUCT

| UNION

 

struct_declaration_list

: struct_declaration

| struct_declaration_list struct_declaration

 

struct_declaration

: specifier_qualifier_list struct_declarator_list ';'

specifier_qualifier_listà

type_specifier specifier_qualifier_list

| type_specifier

| type_qualifier specifier_qualifier_list

| type_qualifier

 

struct_declarator_listà

struct_declarator

| struct_declarator_list ',' struct_declarator

 

struct_declaratorà

: declarator

| ':' constant_expression

| declarator ':' constant_expression

 

enum_specifierà

ENUM '{' enumerator_list '}'

| ENUM IDENTIFIER '{' enumerator_list '}'

| ENUM IDENTIFIER

 

enumerator_listà

enumerator

| enumerator_list ',' enumerator

 

Enumeratorà

IDENTIFIER

| IDENTIFIER '=' constant_expression

 

type_qualifierà

CONST

| VOLATILE

 

type_qualifier_listà

type_qualifier

| type_qualifier_list type_qualifier

 

parameter_type_listà

parameter_list

| parameter_list ',' ELLIPSIS

 

parameter_listà

: parameter_declaration

| parameter_list ',' parameter_declaration

 

type_nameà

specifier_qualifier_list

| specifier_qualifier_list abstract_declarator

 

abstract_declaratorà

pointer

| direct_abstract_declarator

| pointer direct_abstract_declarator

 

direct_abstract_declaratorà

'(' abstract_declarator ')'

| '[' ']'

| '[' constant_expression ']'

| direct_abstract_declarator '[' ']'

| direct_abstract_declarator '[' constant_expression ']'

| '(' ')'

| '(' parameter_type_list ')'

| direct_abstract_declarator '(' ')'

| direct_abstract_declarator '(' parameter_type_list ')'

 

labeled_statementà

IDENTIFIER ':' statement

| CASE constant_expression ':' statement

| DEFAULT ':' statement