1. 用maven导入Shiro依赖包
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <version>1.1.3</version> </dependency>
2.配置web.xml
<!-- 初始化shiro web environment --> <listener> <listener-class>org.apache.shiro.web.env.EnvironmentLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 设置shiro拦截器--> <filter> <filter-name>ShiroFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ShiroFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>ShiroFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
3.配置初始化shiro的配置文件 shiro.ini放在类文件根目录
[main]
authc.loginUrl=/login
authc.successUrl=/index
[users]
zhang=123,role1,role2
wang=123,role1
[urls]
/login=authc
/logout=logout
/* = authc
4.创建一个servlet并映射至登陆路径/login
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public LoginServlet() {
super();
}
/**GET请求显示登录界面同时显示错误信息
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//显示登录界面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
/**FormAuthenticationFilter将会拦截POST请求进行登录操作，我们不需要再做登录操作。
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("登录失败才会进入doPost方法。因为拦截器拦截了POST请求进行登录，登录成功则直接跳转至访问页面。登录失败后才进入Post方法");
System.out.println("登录失败才再登录界面，并添加错误信息");
//FormAuthenticationFilter.DEFAULT_ERROR_KEY_ATTRIBUTE_NAME值为shiroLoginFailure，保存了登录错误信息，值为异常的类全名
String errorFullClassName = (String)request.getAttribute(FormAuthenticationFilter.DEFAULT_ERROR_KEY_ATTRIBUTE_NAME);
String cerrorKey="error";//客户端显示的错误信息
if(UnknownAccountException.class.getName().equals(errorFullClassName)){
//未知账户
request.setAttribute(cerrorKey, "用户名密码错误");
}else if(IncorrectCredentialsException.class.getName().equals(errorFullClassName)){
//密码错误
request.setAttribute(cerrorKey, "用户名密码错误");
}else{
//其他错误如账户锁定等等
request.setAttribute(cerrorKey, "其他错误");
}
//显示登录界面
doGet(request, response);
}
}
<servlet> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>baseshiroweb.LoginServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
5.创建一个登陆界面login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> 登陆界面<br/> <form action="/baseshiroweb/login" method="post"> Username: <input type="text" name="username"/> <br/> Password: <input type="password" name="password"/><br/> <input type="checkbox" name="rememberMe" value="true"/>Remember Me?<br/> <input type="submit" value="提交"/> </form> ${error} </body> </html>
6.创建一个登陆成功后的信息显示servlet并添加退出
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().println("<html>");
resp.getWriter().println("hello shiro web"+"<br/>");
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
resp.getWriter().println("principal:"+subject.getPrincipal()+"<br/>");
resp.getWriter().println("isAuthenticated"+subject.isAuthenticated()+"<br/>");
resp.getWriter().println("<a href='/baseshiroweb/logout'>logout</a>");
resp.getWriter().println("</html>");
}
}
<servlet> <servlet-name>myservlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>baseshiroweb.MyServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>myservlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/index</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
此时访问http://localhost:8080/baseshiroweb/index
执行流程：
1.将会请求/index路径
2.匹配Shiro配置文件里的[urls]内的/*路径的authc拦截器，跳转至登陆登陆界面/login
3.在/login进行登录操作，成功则跳转至/index，失败则返回/login界面并显示错误信息
4./index成功登录后，点击超链接logout访问/logout进行退出操作。/logout路径匹配logout拦截器。
完整的web.xml为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <!-- 初始化shiro web environment --> <listener> <listener-class>org.apache.shiro.web.env.EnvironmentLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 设置shiro拦截器--> <filter> <filter-name>ShiroFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ShiroFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>ShiroFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>myservlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>baseshiroweb.MyServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>myservlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/index</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>baseshiroweb.LoginServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>